Karimganj (District)

Karimganj District করিমগঞ্জ জেলা
State	Assam
Administrative headquarters :	Karimganj
Area :	1,808 km²
Residents :	1,217,002 (2011)
Population density :	673 inhabitants / km²
Website :	karimganj.gov.in

The Karimganj District ( Bengali : করিমগঞ্জ জেলা ) is a district of the Indian state of Assam . The administrative seat is the eponymous city of Karimganj .

geography

The Longai near Karimganj

The Karimganj district is located in the Barak Valley in southern Assam on the border with Bangladesh . In the south it also borders on the neighboring states of Mizoram and Tripura . Neighboring districts are Cachar in the northeast, Hailakandi in the east (both Assam), Mamit (Mizoram) in the south and North Tripura (Tripura) in the southwest. In the west and northwest is the state border with Bangladesh.

The area of ​​the Karimganj District is 1,808 square kilometers. Most of the area belongs to the Barak river plain . Geographically, the Barak Valley can be seen as an extension of the river plains of East Bengal (Bangladesh), while it is isolated from the rest of Assam by the Barail Mountains. In the northeast of the district, the Barak branches into the two arms of the Surma and Kushiyara , both of which ultimately flow into the Meghna . The latter forms the northern border of the Karimganj district opposite Bangladesh. In addition, the Longai , a tributary of the Kushiyara, flows through the district from south to north.

While the northern part of the district is flat, in the south the mountains that border the Barak valley protrude into the district area. Three elongated mountain ranges run through the district area in a north-south direction: the up to 636 meters high Chhatachura mountains in the southeast on the border with the Hailakandi district, the around 240 meters high Adamail or Patharia mountains in the west on the border Bangladesh and the around 460 meter high Duhalia or Pratapgarh Mountains in the south-central part of the district Around 30 percent of the area of ​​the Karimganj district is forested (as of 1997/98).

history

The history of the area around Karimganj is closely linked to that of Bengal and the city of Sylhet , which is now part of Bangladesh . With the conquest by Hazarat Shah Jalal in 1328, Sylhet and with it the area of ​​Karimganj came to the Sultanate of Bengal , in 1576 it fell to the Mughal Empire . After the Battle of Plassey , Bengal came under British rule in 1765 . The area was incorporated as part of the Sylhet District in British India . In 1874 the district moved from Bengal to the province of Assam.

In the course of the partition of India in 1947, the Sylhet district was added to Pakistan (East Pakistan, today's Bangladesh) because of its Muslim majority . The eastern part of the Karimganj district came to India and was incorporated into the Cachar district. In 1983, the Karimganj district broke away from Cachar as an independent district.

population

According to the 2011 census, the Karimganj district has 1,228,686 inhabitants. With 673 inhabitants per square kilometer, the district is very densely populated. The district is still predominantly rural. Of the 1,228,686 residents, 1,118,986 people (91.07%) live in rural areas and 109,700 people in urban communities.

The Karimganj district is one of those areas of India that are only sparsely populated by members of the "tribal population" ( scheduled tribes ). Among them were (2011) 1,940 people (0.16 percent of the district population). There are 157,890 Dalits ( scheduled castes 12.85 percent of the district population) in the district.

The majority of the population is made up of people who were born in the district. Of the residents, 1,158,126 people (94.26 percent of residents) were born in the district. A total of 21,061 people were born in other Indian states (including 13,460 people in Tripura, 1,524 people in Meghalaya, 1,374 people in Nagaland and 1,224 people in West Bengal). Of the 11,244 foreign-born people, 10,443 are from Bangladesh.

Population development

As everywhere in India, the population in the Karimganj district has been growing rapidly for decades. The increase in the years 2001–2011 was 21.9 percent. In these ten years the population increased by around 220,000 people. The following table illustrates the development:

Significant places

There are a total of seven places in the district that are considered cities. Among them are five places that are only statistically considered to be cities (notified towns).

District population by gender

As is common in India, the district always had more male than female residents. Among the youngest residents (211,960 people under 7 years of age), the proportions are 107,638 men (50.78 percent) to 104,322 people (49.22 percent) women.

Distribution of the population by gender in Karimganj district
	1961 census		1971 census		1981 census		1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	465.198	100%	582.108	100%	-	-	827.063	100%	1,007,976	100%	1,228,686	100%
Men	243,470	52.34%	301,654	51.82%	-	-	425.018	51.39%	517.680	51.36%	625.864	50.94%
Women	221,728	47.66%	280.454	48.18%	-	-	402.045	48.61%	490.296	48.64%	602.822	49.06%

District population by language

Due to its location, the Barak valley, to which the Karimganj district belongs, has strong cultural affinities with Bengal. So the main language is Bengali . At the district level, in Karimganj, as in the other two districts of the Barak Valley , it has an official status alongside Assamese , the official language of Assam.

The linguistic minorities are concentrated in the Zillas (districts) Patharkandi and Ramkrishna Nagar. The most widely spoken languages ​​are shown in the following table:

year	Bengali		Hindi		Bishnupria Manipuri		Bhojpuri		Manipuri		Odia		Khasi		Assami		Kokbarak		Total
	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
2011	1,067,063	86.85	70.056	5.70	24,184	1.97	20,293	1.65	8,883	0.72	7,019	0.57	3.710	0.30	3,017	0.25	2,775	0.23	1,228,686	100.00%
Source: 2011 census result

Population of the district by confession

Until 1991 the Hindus predominated. Today a slim majority of the population is Muslim. In the Zillas Patharkandi and Ramkrishna Nagar the Hindus still predominate. There is a small Christian minority. This consists mainly of immigrants from other regions of India. The following table shows the exact religious composition of the population:

year	Buddhists		Christians		Hindus		Jainas		Muslims		Sikhs		Other		not specified		Total
	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
2011	446	0.04	11,990	0.98	521.962	42.48	524	0.04	692,489	56.36	114	0.01	110	0.01	1,051	0.09	1,228,686	100.00%
Source: 2011 census result

education

Thanks to significant efforts, literacy has risen sharply in recent decades. In urban areas, almost 93 percent can read and write. In the countryside, however, only around 77 percent can. The strong differences between the sexes and the urban / rural population are typical of Indian conditions.

Literacy in Karimganj District
unit	2011 census
	number	proportion of
TOTAL	795.297	78.22%
Men	435,942	84.12%
Women	359.355	72.09%
TOTAL CITY	91,037	92.82%
City men	47.096	95.28%
City women	43,941	90.33%
TOTAL COUNTRY	704.260	76.66%
Country men	388,846	82.95%
Country women	315.414	70.11%
Source: 2011 census result

Administrative division

The district was divided into five zillas (circles) at the last census in 2011.

Population in the Zillas
	Badarpur		Karimganj		Nilambazar		Patharkandi		Ramkrishna Nagar
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	164,703	100%	278,300	100%	242,451	100%	261,368	100%	281,864	100%
Men	83,926	50.96%	141.234	50.75%	123.247	50.83%	133,698	51.15%	143,759	51.00%
Women	80,777	49.04%	137.066	49.25%	119.204	49.17%	127,670	48.85%	138.105	49.00%
city	38,487	23.37%	71,213	25.59%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
country	126.216	76.63%	207.087	74.41%	242,451	100%	261,368	100%	281,864	100%

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Karimganj District website: Geography of Karimganj District . ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Karimganj District: Census 2011 data
3. ↑ A - 2 DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901
4. ^ Result of the 2011 census on city population
5. ↑ District Census Handbook for Karimganj

Web links

• Karimganj District website
• Karimganj District on census2011

Coordinates: 24 ° 52 '  N , 92 ° 21'  E