Remse monastery

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Remse monastery
so-called "Red Stick", remainder of the monastery church
so-called "Red Stick", remainder of the monastery church
location GermanyGermany Germany
Saxony
Coordinates: 50 ° 51 '18.4 "  N , 12 ° 33' 52.6"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 51 '18.4 "  N , 12 ° 33' 52.6"  E
founding year 1143
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1533
Mother monastery Bürgel Monastery

Daughter monasteries

no

The Remse monastery in the municipality of Remse in the Saxon district of Zwickau , built and operated by Benedictine nuns , existed from 1143 to 1533 and is only partially preserved today. The preserved building of the presumed transverse tower of the former monastery church is also known under the name "Red Stock".

location

The so-called “Rote Stock”, the remains of the former Remse monastery (presumably part of the former monastery church) is located on a mountain slope in the northern part of the municipality of Remse on the orographic left bank of the Zwickauer Mulde . On the other side of the street “Kirchberg” is today's village church of Remse, which was probably also part of the monastery due to the preserved Romanesque components.

history

Time as a monastery

That because of its red color of the building material used as a Red floor designated Benedictine -Nonnenkloster in Remse north of Glauchau to by a donation from the Roman-German king Conrad III. was founded in 1143. It was created 10 years after the foundation of the Bürgel monastery near Jena , of which the monastery in Remse was a subsidiary. Originally, the new monastery was supposed to serve the brothers of the Bürgel monastery. The basis for the economic consolidation of the complex was a donation of 100 Königshufen cleared land (around 50 hectares) to the right and left of the Zwickauer Mulde near Waldenburg and eight villages to the mother monastery in Bürgel. Due to the foundation made by the German king, the monastery was directly imperial and was under the king's patronage.

In the years 1165/70 a monastery "... super Muldam" was mentioned for the first time. Due to the distance from the mother monastery in Bürgel, it was decided to found a Benedictine monastery, which from 1216 bore the name "Remse". This always remained a subsidiary of Bürgel and at that time housed ten nuns. Although it had no legal independence, it was economically independent. In 1254 it acquired its own bailiwick law , which allowed it to choose its patron. The economy of the monastery, however, was low, although there were other villages in the surrounding area ( Weidensdorf , Kertzsch , Kleinchursdorf , Wickersdorf (partly up to 1488), Swabia (partly up to 1488), Oertelshain , Oberwinkel , Ebersbach , Grumbach (until 1495), Reichenbach (1243 –1488), Oberwiera (share from 1365), the manor Tettau with Tettau , Oberdorf and Wünschendorf (1492)) was able to acquire. The provost of the monastery was appointed by the abbot from Bürgel . From 1254, the lords of Waldenburg and from 1375/1378 the lords of Schönburg claimed patronage (Vogteirecht) over the Remse monastery, which the abbot of the Bürgel monastery tried to ward off. The disputes between the Schönburgers and the monastery, especially about goods and their use, were finally settled through a compromise. The Schönburgers were u. a. allowed hunting on the right bank of the Zwickauer Mulde. The Schönburgers also exercised the protective right for the monastery school in Remse, which had existed since 1426 . Due to the division of Leipzig in 1485, the Remse monastery and its property belonged to the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony . After disputes between the Remse monastery and the Lords of Schönburg , in the Torgau judgment of the Saxon Elector Friedrich the Wise, Tirschheim, Reichenbach and shares of Wickersdorf and Swabia were given to Ernst von Schönburg in 1488 . These places, which were under electoral suzerainty , were from then on administered as the Tirschheim manor by the Schönburg lordship .

At the beginning of the 15th century, the Remse monastery flourished to a certain extent due to the constant acquisition of real estate. Around 1522 around 50 people including courtiers and servants worked in the monastery. As a result of the Peasants' War , the last Benedictine abbot von Bürgel left his monastery in 1525 and went to the daughter monastery in Remse in order to receive support from there. The Bürgel monastery was closed in 1526. The daughter monastery Remse was formally dissolved in the course of the introduction of the Reformation in the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony and the secularization of spiritual property in 1533 by the Saxon Elector Johann Friedrich I. The nuns were free to leave or stay in what was now the domain . In the second case they had to take off their religious clothes and obey the orders of the visitors . In the following years the monastery church fell into disrepair.

Use as "Remissa Castle"

"Remissa Castle" (Remse), historical view

The used as an electoral domain convent property was ten years later, coinciding with the offices Penig and Wechselburg that against the Nice Burgi's offices Hohnstein , Lohmen , Wehlen in the Saxon Switzerland and the Kriebstein dominion in Mittweida were exchanged in 1543, the fief of the lords of Schönburg over. State sovereignty remained with the Electorate of Saxony. By acquiring the rule of Remse , the Lords of Schönburg were able to close a gap between the Schönburg dominions of Glauchau and Waldenburg . The Lords of Schönburg initially used the former monastery as a manor . The castle-like reconstruction took place later. Christian Ernst von Schönburg- Hinterglauchau was resigned to the Remse rule in 1681. After the Remse estate had remained in the Hinterglauchau line as a secondary residence for three generations, it came to the Fordglauchau line . The Dresden merchant and banker, as well as the Saxon court chamber councilor Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Gregory owned the property between 1793 and 1797. Prince Otto Carl Friedrich von Schönburg-Waldenburg bought it back from him. The Remse manor belonged to the Princes of Schönburg-Waldenburg until the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone in 1945 and the associated expropriation .

After the land reform, the former manor was still used for agriculture by the LPG . An agricultural cooperative has been located here since the end of the GDR . The buildings of the "Red Stock" were renovated from 1993 onwards.

A hereditary burial of the Schönburg-Remissa family branch, who resided at the "Schloss Remissa" (Red Floor) from the middle of the 17th century to the middle of the 18th century, apparently existed in the neighboring village church of St. Georg (formerly probably part of the monastery ), which also has Roman origins. In the walled up crypt of the village church, three coffins were found during an exploration.

Currently (2019) the Rote Stock is still inhabited (rental apartments).

Monastery or later palace complex

Not much has been preserved from the former monastery complex, such as the church and cloister. The “Red Stock” emerged from the westwork of the monastery church, a massive rectangular building, which is the only remaining remnant of the monastery building. The name comes from the former visibility of the bricks.

After the secularization of the monastery in the middle of the 16th century, the new owners had the church tower built on a floor plan of approx. 18 m × 7.50 m converted into a mansion in a simple Renaissance style. Since then, the “Red Stock” has served the Lords of Schönburg as a secondary residence. The addition of windows and ceilings resulted in a residential building with a simple gable roof and turrets. The two upper floors and the loft are reached from the centrally located entrance via a staircase on the side. In the middle of the 19th century, an extension was added that served as a residential building for the servants of the manor. This is reached from the first floor via a passage.

possession

Villages
(1)the other shares belonged to the Wettin rule Wolkenburg and the Schönburg rule Waldenburg
(2)the other part of the village belonged to the Altenburg district office ( Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg )
(3)the other part of the village belonged to the rule Waldenburg ( Schönburg rule )
Former property
Monasteries, castles, manors and farms
  • Remse monastery, after 1533 castle
  • Tettau manor
  • Vorwerk Breitenbach

literature

  • Wolf-Dieter Röber , Steffen Winkler : Remse Monastery . In: Series of publications, issue 6, Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, City of Glauchau, 1986, pp. 13-16.
  • KG Eckardt: On the history of the Remse monastery near Waldenburg . In: Archives for Saxon History, 3 vol. Leipzig 1865, p. 221.
  • Reinhard Nestler: Chronicle of Remse an der Mulde , 1928.

Web links

Commons : Kloster Remse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Swabia on the website of the city of Waldenburg
  2. ↑ Grumbach on the website of the community of Callenberg
  3. ^ Reichenbach on the website of the municipality of Callenberg
  4. ^ Description of the community of Schönberg and its districts on a private website, p. 71
  5. ^ Walter Hüttel : Musical life and music care . In: Author collective, u. a. Helmut Bräuer, Robby Joachim Götze, Steffen Winkler and Wolf-Dieter Röber : The Schönburger, economy, politics, culture . Brochure for the special exhibition of the same name 1990–1991 in the museum and art collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, Glauchau 1990, Klosterschule Remse p. 109
  6. ^ Reichenbach on the website of the municipality of Callenberg
  7. ^ Swabia on the website of the city of Waldenburg
  8. ^ Wolf-Dieter Röber : Castles and palaces . In: Author collective, u. a. Helmut Bräuer , Robby Joachim Götze, Steffen Winkler and Wolf-Dieter Röber: The Schönburger, economy, politics, culture. Brochure for the special exhibition of the same name 1990–91 in the museum and art collection of Schloss Hinterglauchau. Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, Glauchau 1990, p. 20 Notes on Remse Monastery
  9. ^ Church and Art In: Author collective, u. a. Helmut Bräuer , Robby Joachim Götze, Steffen Winkler and Wolf-Dieter Röber : The Schönburger, economy, politics, culture. Brochure for the special exhibition of the same name 1990–91 in the museum and art collection of Schloss Hinterglauchau. Museum and art collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, Glauchau 1990, monastery and branch line Schönburg-Remissa in Remse p. 100–101