LNER A3 4472 Flying Scotsman

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LNER A3 4472 Flying Scotsman
Class A3 "Flying Scotsman" locomotive in the same condition as around 1959 (British Rail paint with number 60103, double chimney and Witte smoke deflectors)
Class A3 “Flying Scotsman” locomotive in the same condition as around 1959 ( British Rail paint with number 60103, double chimney and Witte smoke deflectors )
Numbering:
  • until February 1924:
    1472
  • February 1924 to January 1946:
    4472
  • January to May 1946:
    502
  • May 1946 to December 1948:
    103
  • from December 1948:
    60103
Manufacturer: Doncaster Works
Year of construction (s): 1923
Retirement: January 1963
Type : 2'C1 'h3
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length over buffers: 21,340 mm (70 feet )
Height: 3,960 mm (13 feet)
Service mass: 97.8 t
Friction mass: 67.2 t
Wheel set mass : 22.4 t
Top speed: 160 km / h
Indexed performance : approx. 1,655 kW
Driving wheel diameter: 2,032 mm (80 in )
Impeller diameter front: 965 mm
Rear wheel diameter: 1,118 mm
Cylinder diameter: 483 mm
Piston stroke: 660 mm
Boiler overpressure: 15.2 bar
Grate area: 3.830 m²
Superheater area : 65.30 m²
Evaporation heating surface: 249.80 m²
Tender: Tender

The LNER A3 4472 Flying Scotsman is a 1923 for the London and North Eastern Railway built (LNER) Pacific - steam locomotive of the LNER Class A3 , after a design by Nigel Gresley , the chief engineer of the train, in the Doncaster Works was born. LNER and its successor company British Railways used the locomotive in front of long-distance express trains on the East Coast Main Line . In particular, the Flying Scotsman , which runs between London and Edinburgh , was hauled by the locomotive, from where it was named.

The locomotive set two world records in the field of steam traction: it was the first locomotive to reach a speed of 100 miles per hour (160.9 km / h) and to make the longest run of a steam locomotive without stopping. While the speed record was set on November 30, 1934, the record for the longest journey on August 8, 1989 comes from Australia , where the locomotive covered 679 km without stopping.

After the locomotive had covered 3.35 million kilometers, it retired from regular service in 1963. The Flying Scotsman became particularly well known for its operational preservation, which was taken over successively by Alan Pegler , William McAlpine , Tony Marchington and finally by the National Railway Museum (NRM). The locomotive hauled trains for rail enthusiasts in Great Britain , USA , Canada and Australia . The Flying Scotsman has been called the most famous steam locomotive in the world.

history

Construction of the locomotive, completed in 1923, began under the Great Northern Railway (GNR). It was delivered as an LNER class A1 machine with the GNR number 1472, because the LNER had not yet introduced a uniform numbering system for the locomotives from the previous railways.

The locomotive was named Flying Scotsman and LNER number 4472 in February 1924. It was the show horse of LNER and was shown at the British Empire Exhibition in Wembley in 1924 and 1925 . From then on, it was often used for advertising purposes.

The locomotive was one of five Gresley Pacific locomotives with modified valve control that were used for service in front of the prestigious Flying Scotsman train, which ran non-stop between London and Edinburgh and which first ran on May 1, 1928. For this purpose, the locomotives were equipped with a new type of large, four-axle tender that held 9.1 tons of coal . This and the usual facility for water absorption in troughs made it possible to cover the 631 km long route without stopping in eight hours.

The tender was designed as a corridor tender . A wagon transition on the side facing the train and a tunnel through the water tank made it possible to access the locomotive from the attached wagons, so that the engine driver and stoker could be exchanged during the journey.

In 1929 the locomotive appeared in the thriller The Flying Scotsman . It was one of the first English sound films and the first film to star actor Ray Milland . Because of the stunts on the moving train, in which, among other things, the locomotive was unhooked from the car while it was in motion, Nigel Gresley forbade the making of further films on the LNER. He was afraid that the dangerous actions depicted could damage the reputation of the railway.

Although the City of Truro on the Great Western Railway had previously unofficially traveled over 160 km / h, the 4472 is the first steam locomotive to officially reach the speed on November 30, 1934. The record was set with a light test move. The train driver was Bill Sparshatt. The locomotive thus achieved a place on the list of world speed records for rail vehicles , which LNER used to promote advertising.

The locomotive was used with the corridor tender from April 1928 to October 1936, after which it was coupled again to the tender that was originally used. In July 1938 she was then used with a streamlined clad tender without a side aisle, with which she remained coupled until it was decommissioned by British Railways in 1963.

From August 22, 1928, an improved variant of the LNER Pacific locomotive was presented with the A3 class . Older A1 locomotives were later converted to A3 locomotives. The unmodified locomotives were assigned to class A10 on April 25, 1945, so that the designation A1 was reserved for more powerful locomotives. It was used for the former LNER 4470, which was converted by chief engineer Edward Thompson , and for the new Peppercorn class buildings developed by his successor Arthur Peppercorn .

The Flying Scotsman was rebuilt in the Doncaster Works and left them on January 4, 1947 as A3. It received a new boiler with an elongated steam dome cladding that is narrower than the driver's cab and which is still there today. Because the layout of the cladding is reminiscent of the shape of a banjo , this version, which is also used in other locomotives, is called a banjodom . The locomotive was at that time already the fourth number: During general renumbering of the LNER locomotives under Edward Thompson it received the number 502 in January 1946, in May of that year as part of an addition to the original scheme, the number 103. With the nationalization of Railways in Great Britain on January 1, 1948, added 60,000 to the numbers of most of the former LNER locomotives. Thus in December 1948 the 103 became the new number 60103.

Owned by British Railways , the locomotive was used from June 5, 1950 to July 4, 1954 and from December 26, 1954 to September 1, 1957 from the Leicester Central depot in the area of ​​the former Great Central Railway , where it was used in front of trains from Nottingham Victoria was used via Leicester to London Marylebone .

All A3 engines were subsequently to increase the performance and efficiency with a double chimney with two Kylchap - exhaust installations equipped. In 1960 the locomotive was fitted with smoke deflectors known from Germany , so that the engine driver had a good view ahead despite the smoke , which changed the overall appearance of the locomotive somewhat.

conservation

In 1962, British Railways (BR) announced that the Flying Scotsman would be scrapped. She was used on January 14, 1963 for the last time in the planned service. It was supposed to be obtained by an association called Save Our Scotsman ("Save Our Scotsman"), which was not able to pay the price of 3,000 pounds for the locomotive , which was demanded by the railway .

Alan Pegler

The Flying Scotsman in British Railways paintwork , equipped with a double chimney and smoke deflectors .
The picture, taken around 1969, shows the Flying Scotsman being prepared for the USA tour with the rail clearer attached .
The Flying Scotsman at Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco in March 1972.

Instead of the insolvent association, the entrepreneur Alan Pegler got the locomotive. He saw it for the first time at the British Empire Exhibition in 1924. Alan paid for the locomotive to purchase and refurbish it with the £ 70,000 he had obtained from the sale of Northern Rubber shares . The company specializes in the manufacture of rubber for pool tables and was taken over in 1961 by Pegler's Valves, a company founded by his grandfather. Pegler was awarded the contract for the Flying Scotsman with the help of Prime Minister Harold Wilson . In the next, Pegler spent large sums of money to restore the locomotive in the Doncaster works as close as possible to the condition at the time of the LNER. The smoke deflectors and the double chimney were removed again and the tender was replaced by a corridor tender as it was coupled to the locomotive between 1928 and 1936. In addition, the locomotive received the LNER paintwork again. Pegler persuaded the British Railways Board to give him a license to run trains for rail enthusiasts. At the time, this was the only steam locomotive that was allowed to run on the main lines of British Railways. She ran a number of extra trains, including a non-stop trip from London to Edinburgh in 1968, the year steam operations officially ceased on the BR. Because more and more water cranes were disappearing, Pegler bought a second corridor tender in September 1966, which was converted into an additional water tanker and could be coupled behind the normal tender. The passage through the water tanker was still usable.

Pegler had a contract that allowed him to use his locomotive on the BR tracks until 1972. After repairs in the winter of 1968 and 1969, the government of Harold Wilson supported Pegler's plan to use the locomotives as an advertisement for British exports to the USA and Canada. Thus the locomotive complied with the provisions of the North American tracks, she had with obstacle deflector , signal bell , American steam whistle , Janney couplings , air brakes and American front headlights are fitted. The tour began in Boston and immediately ran into problems because some states incurred higher costs than originally planned: Because of the fire hazard posed by the steam locomotive, some states required that the special train be pulled by a diesel locomotive in their area. Nevertheless, the special train operated with the Flying Scotsman in 1969 from Boston via New York and Washington to Dallas . The journey led in 1970 from Texas via Wisconsin to Montreal and in 1971 from Toronto to San Francisco . In total, the locomotive covered 24,800 kilometers in North America.

Although the financial support was canceled in 1970 by the government under the Conservative Prime Minister Edward Heath , Pegler decided to return for the trips scheduled for the 1970 season. At the end of the season, Pegler ran out of money. Debts of 132,000 pounds had been accrued and the locomotive had to be parked on military grounds near French Camp in California to prevent unpaid creditors from accessing the locomotive. Pegler earned the following return trip from San Francisco to England with train and travel lectures on a P&O cruise ship . Once in England, he was declared insolvent by the Supreme Court in 1972.

William McAlpine

The Flying Scotsman in Carnforth in 1982.
The Flying Scotsman in Seymour, Australia in 1989. The locomotive is equipped with electrical lighting and air brakes for Australia.

Alan Pegler's bankruptcy sparked fears about the future of the locomotive. It was feared that the Flying Scotsman would no longer return to England or would even be scrapped. After a phone call from horticulturist and railroad friend Alan Bloom in January 1973, contractor William McAlpine took over Alan Pegler's estate. He bought the locomotive for £ 25,000 direct from the finance company in the Port of San Francisco. It was shipped back to England through the Panama Canal in February 1973 , where it was refurbished in Derby's maintenance shops. The subsequent test drives took place in the summer of 1973 on the Paignton and Dartmouth Steam Railway before it was taken to Steamtown in Carnforth , from where it led several special trains. In December 1977 the Flying Scotsman was taken to the Vickers Engineering Works in Barrow-in-Furness for major repairs , where an unused replacement boiler was installed.

In October 1988, the Flying Scotsman arrived in Australia, where it was to be featured as a main attraction at the Aus Steam '88 Festival as part of the country's 200th anniversary celebration . The organizer of the event actually wanted the LNER A4 4468 Mallard to appear . However, due to the 50th anniversary of the world speed record it had set, the locomotive was not available, which is why the Flying Scotsman was proposed to replace it. The locomotive covered more than 45,000 kilometers on the Australian rail network in 1989. The final trip led from Sydney across the continent via Alice Springs to Perth and back. The Flying Scotsman was the first steam locomotive to run on the newly built, standard-gauge Central Australia Railway . Other highlights were the joint operation of a special train together with the Pacific locomotive 3801 of the New South Wales Government Railways , a triple parallel journey together with the two preserved, broad-gauge locomotives of the Victorian Railway R-class and parallel journeys with the South Australian Railways - Locomotives 520 and 621 . During her visit to Perth, the locomotive met the native of England, former GWR locomotive Pendennis Castle the Castle class , the 1924 British Empire Exhibition next to the Flying Scotsman was issued. On August 8, 1989, the Flying Scotsman set a new record on the Alice Springs – Melbourne railway line when it covered the 679 km between Parkes and Broken Hill without stopping. It is the longest journey a steam locomotive has ever made without stopping. On the same journey she also carried the largest trailer load of her career: On the 790 km from Tarcoola to Alice Springs she carried a 735 ton train.

The Flying Scotsman returned to England in 1990 and ran special trains on main routes until the operating license for these trips expired in 1993. It was then used on some museum railways. In order to raise money for the upcoming overhaul, the locomotive was put in the condition of British Rail. So the German-looking smoke deflectors and the double chimney were installed again and the locomotive was given a coat of darker Brunswick green. In 1995 the locomotive was dismantled at the Southall Railway Center in West London. She was part of a group that included McAlpine and record producer Pete Waterman .

Tony Marchington

The Flying Scotsman faced an uncertain future again because of the high costs for an overhaul and modernization in accordance with the strict regulations for the operation of locomotives on the English route network. The rescue came in 1996 through Tony Marchington , a biotechnology entrepreneur well known in the world. He bought the locomotive and had it refurbished over three years to operational condition, which cost him £ 1 million. The work was then considered to be the largest in the history of the locomotive. About the period when the Flying Scotsman was owned by Marchington, there is the Channel 4- made documentary A Steamy Affair: The Story of Flying Scotsman .

The Flying Scotsman was regularly used in front of the VSOE Pullman and in front of other special trains on the main lines of England. Marchington proposed a project in 2002 to build a Flying Scotsman Village in Edinburgh to generate additional profit related to the locomotive. After the shares in Flying Scotsman plc were released for over-the-counter trading that same year, the Edinburgh City Council rejected the project in 2003. As a result, Marchington became insolvent in September 2003. At the Annual General Meeting in October 2003, CEO Conservative politician Peter Butler reported losses of £ 474,619 and an overdrawn bank account at Barclays Bank by £ 1.5 million . He went on to explain that the company would only have money to stay in business until April 2004. Trading in the shares was discontinued on November 3, 2003 because the company no longer announced any interim results.

National Railway Museum

Flying Scotsman at Leamington Spa in October 2005
In 2012 the locomotive was in the workshop of the National Railway Museum for refurbishment .

After Marchington went bankrupt, the locomotive was put up for sale. After a nationwide collection campaign, the locomotive was bought by the National Railway Museum in York in April 2004 and was thus integrated into the museum's state vehicle collection. After over 12 months of repairs, the locomotive drove for a while to raise money for the overhaul due after ten years of operation.

Refurbishment 2006–2016

The Flying Scotsman exhibited in the National Railway museum in 2016 after the revision .

In January 2006 the Flying Scotsman was taken to the workshop of the National Railway Museum for a general inspection. There it was restored to its original condition by Gresley and its boiler certificate was renewed. Provided that enough money could be raised, the plan was to complete the work by mid-2010. However, additional problems were discovered so that the schedule could not be met. In October 2012, the museum published a report on the reasons for the delay and additional costs. The locomotive was brought to Bury in October 2013 without a boiler to bring it back into working order. The earliest possible date for the completion of the work was given as summer 2015. On April 29, 2015, the Flying Scotsman's boiler was shipped from the National Railway Museum to Riley & Sons in Bury for installation in the locomotive.

Night shot of the Flying Scotsman in front of the National Railway Museum in York during the Scotsman in Steam event

The hall in which the locomotive was overhauled was open to visitors to the National Railway Museum. However, the locomotive was quickly dismantled to such an extent that only the running plates could be seen by non-expert visitors. At the beginning of 2009 it was announced that the refurbishment would no longer use the A4 boiler installed since the 1980s , but the last, still existing, original A3 boiler, which was procured as a spare part together with the locomotive. The A4 boiler, which was no longer required, was sold to Jeremy Hosking for possible use in the LNER Class A4 4464 Bittern .

Return to the company

The main inspection was completed in January 2016, so test runs on the East Lancashire Railway could begin on January 8, 2016. These trips were completed in the black paintwork and the letters NE on the tender. The locomotive was painted in this way during the Second World War. The Flying Scotsman's maiden voyage on a main line was scheduled to take place on a train known as the Winter Cumbrian Mountain Express from Manchester Victoria to Carlisle on January 23rd. However, the locomotive was not ready for the journey due to defects in the braking system. The first run on a main line therefore took place on February 6th, with the locomotive pulling the Winter Cumbrian Mountain Express from Carnforth to Carlisle. The official opening trip , now in the green paint like from the post-war period in the service of BR and with the BR number 60103 , took place on February 25th from King's Cross station to York. The Flying Scotsman was used for several special trips across the UK in 2016.

Discussion about the work-up

In 2011 the National Railway Museum announced that the Flying Scotsman would wear the LNER black paint used during the war years for steam tests and commissioning runs. The side walls of the tender bore the letters NE , the driver's cab was labeled 103 on one side and 502 on the other - the locomotive was given the second number after being renumbered by LNER. The locomotive remained in black for the Flying Scotsman Preview , hosted by the National Railway Museum , which took place May 28-30, 2011. During the museum's railway festival, which ran from June 2nd to June 10th, 2012, the Flying Scotsman was painted black and stood on a siding in front of the Mallard . An editorial report on the processing was published on March 7, 2013. On January 23, 2015, the National Railway Museum announced that the smoke deflectors and double chimney should be retained and that the locomotive should be painted green again so that it would be presented as historically correct as possible in the condition in which it was number 60103 can.

Popular culture

The Flying Scotsman is one of the most famous locomotives in Great Britain. It was already used at LNER as a focus of advertising, but then gained additional fame due to the eventful history of its preservation, with the two missions abroad in the USA and Australia. It also appeared for the first time in 1929 in a movie called The Flying Scotsman , in which an entire sequence of scenes takes place on the locomotive.

In 1985 the Flying Scotsman appeared in a funny British Rail TV commercial.

The Flying Scotsman appeared in the books of The Railway Series by Rev. W. Awdry . In the band Enterprising Engines, the locomotive visited the fictional island of Sodor to meet its only remaining sister machine, Gordon . At the time, the Flying Scotsman had two tenders, a key part of the plot of the Tenders for Henry story . The story was filmed under the name Tender Engines as a result of the television series Thomas & Friends , in which only the two tenders of the locomotive can be seen outside a shed. The Flying Scotsman was supposed to play a more important role in the episode, but due to financial constraints, the model builders were unable to recreate the entire locomotive. The locomotive appears as a whole in Thomas & Friends: The Great Race . In the English-speaking countries, she has the voice of Rufus Jones.

In the film 102 Dalmatians , which appeared in 2000, the Flying Scotsman appears as the locomotive of the Orient Express .

The locomotive would have been the first choice for the Top Gear Race to the North , but could not be used because of its refurbishment, so that the role of the LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado was taken over.

A model of the Flying Scotsman appears in Episode 6 and The Great Train Race of James May's Toy Stories . James May owned the model railway locomotive since childhood and also selected it for the world record of the longest model railway in the world. The model train was supposed to travel seven miles from Barnstaple to Bideford in North Devon . The attempt failed at the beginning of the attempt in episode 6, but was successful in The Great Train Race on April 16, 2011.

One of the five pound commemorative coins issued for the 2012 Summer Olympics was embossed on the reverse with the Flying Scotsman as a motif.

The Flying Scotsman is contained as a virtual model in Microsoft Train Simulator , a train driving simulator for the PC distributed by Microsoft .

literature

  • David Clifford: The world's most famous steam locomotive: Flying Scotsman . Finial, Swanage 1997, ISBN 1-900467-02-X .
  • Nigel Harris (Ed.): Flying Scotsman. A locomotive legend . Silver Link Publishing, St Michaels on Wyre 1988.
  • Geoffrey Hughes: Flying Scotsman. The people's engine . Friends of the National Railway Museum Enterprises, York 2004, ISBN 0-9546685-3-7 .
  • Peter Nicholson: Flying Scotsman: the world's most traveled steam locomotive . Ian Allan, Shepperton 1999, ISBN 0-7110-2744-7 .
  • Alan Pegler: Flying Scotsman . 3. Edition. Ian Allan, Shepperton 1976, ISBN 0-7110-0663-6 .
  • Andrew Roden: Flying Scotsman: The extraordinary story of the world's most famous train . Aurum, London 2007, ISBN 978-1-84513-241-5 .
  • Brian Sharpe: Flying Scotsman. The legend lives on . Mortons Media, Horncastle 2005.
  • 4472 goes home. In: Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. April 1983. p. 47. ISSN  0262-561X , OCLC 49957965 .

Web links

Commons : LNER A3 4472 Flying Scotsman  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b M. G. Boddy, E. Neve, WB Yeadon: Locomotives of the LNER Ed .: EV Fry. tape 2 A: Tender Engines - Classes A1 to A10 . Railway Correspondence and Travel Society, Kenilworth 1986, ISBN 0-901115-25-8 , pp. 9 (first edition: 1973).
  2. ↑ Swidon's World Record Breaking Locomotive - 3440 City of Truro . swindonweb.com. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
  3. ^ About - Flying Scotsman . Archived from the original on February 16, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  4. ^ National Rail Museum appeal on Flying Scotsman . In: Nottingham Post , January 22, 2009. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013 Info: The archive link has been automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved December 22, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nottinghampost.com 
  5. ^ Reed Brian: Loco Profile no.1: LNER Non-Streamlined Pacifics. Profile Publications, Windsor, OCLC 867994166 , pp. 22 (no year).
  6. ^ Peter Herring: Yesterday's Railways . David & Charles, 2002, ISBN 0-7153-1387-8 , pp. 130 .
  7. ↑ Anniversaries of 2013 . In: Daily Telegraph , December 28, 2012. 
  8. ↑ a b c Obituary - Alan Pegler . In: The Times . March 25, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2013.
  9. ^ A b Peter Johnson: Alan Pegler obituary . In: The Guardian . March 25, 2012 ( co.uk ).
  10. ↑ a b c Obituary - Alan Pegler . In: The Daily Telegraph . March 25, 2012 ( co.uk [accessed May 25, 2013]).
  11. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Ffestiniog & Welsh Highland Railways - Alan Francis Pegler OBE )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.festrail.co.uk
  12. ↑ a b c Malpass, Dare & Jenkins: A Vintage Year for Steam . Australian Railway Historical Society (ARHS), Melbourne 1992, p. 98 .
  13. ↑ Sir William McAlpine talks to Andy Milne . Railway people. June 30, 2006.
  14. ↑ Shane O'Neil: Flying Scotsman's Australian Visit: 20 Years on . In: Australian Railway History . August 2008, pp. 265-272.
  15. ^ Alf Batchelder: Memories of the Flying Scotsman in 1988. Farewell . Ed .: Branchline, Castlemaine and Maldon Railway Preservation Society. June 2013.
  16. ^ Scotsman flying high , BBC News. April 14, 1999. Retrieved January 16, 2011. 
  17. ↑ a b Dr Tony Marchington confirmed as dinner speaker . Integra Communications. Archived from the original on August 19, 2011. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
  18. ↑ a b Michael Williams: Flying Scotsman may be sold abroad . In: The Independent . February 8, 2004 ( ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: co.uk )).@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.independent.co.uk
  19. ^ Andrew Scott: How we saved the "Flying Scotsman" . In: Railway Magazine . 150, No. 1238, June 2004, pp. 14-19.
  20. ↑ NRM - Keep Scotsman Steaming Appeal! . Flyingscotsman.org.uk. Archived from the original on February 16, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  21. ^ Geoff Courtney: NRM in £ 250K Flying Scotsman boiler SOS . In: Heritage Railway . 120, January – February 2009, pp. 8–10.
  22. ^ Streeter, Tony: Flying Scotsman - the real story . In: Steam Railway . 359, February – March 2009, pp. 60–62.
  23. ↑ Flying Scotsman due to return late spring 2012 . National Railway Museum, York . September 30, 2011. Archived from the original on October 22, 2011.
  24. ^ Gary Boyd-Hope: "Flying Scotsman" will not return until late spring, says NRM . In: Steam Railway . 394, October 14 - November 10, 2011, pp. 6-7.
  25. ^ Robin Jones: "Flying Scotsman": repair bill to hit £ 2.6 million . In: Heritage Railway . 156, October 27 - November 23, 2011, pp. 36-37.
  26. ↑ Robert Meanley: A report for the Trustees of the Science Museum Group into the restoration of A3 class Pacific Flying Scotsman and associated engineering project management (PDF) National Railway Museum, York . November 26, 2012. Archived from the original on November 10, 2012.
  27. ^ National Railway Museum: Flying Scotsman restoration update . October 29, 2013. Archived from the original on November 1, 2013. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 4, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nrm.org.uk
  28. ^ Flying Scotsman boiler leaving the NRM . May 1, 2015. Accessed May 1, 2015.
  29. ^ Geoff Courtney: NRM sells Scotsman boiler in hush-hush deal . In: Heritage Railway . tape 121 , February – May, 2009, pp. 6 .
  30. ↑ Update Winter Cumbrian Mountain 23rd January . Railway Touring Co .. January 19, 2016. Archived from the original on January 21, 2016. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 20, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.railwaytouring.net
  31. ↑ Flying Scotsman on London King's Cross to York run . In: BBC News , February 25, 2016. 
  32. ^ Scotsman on the tracks . Archived from the original on February 16, 2009. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  33. ^ Wartime black livery for Flying Scotsman . February 15, 2011. Retrieved March 11, 2011.
  34. ↑ nrm.org.uk ( Memento from February 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF).
  35. ↑ Return of Flying Scotsman still on track for 2015. (No longer available online.) Nrm.org.uk, October 11, 2013, archived from the original on December 25, 2016 ; Retrieved December 25, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nrm.org.uk
  36. ↑ Graham Fuller: DVD: The Flying Scotsman (1929) - Film reviews, news & interviews . The Arts Desk. March 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
  37. ↑ Flying Scotsman: British Rail TV advert - Flying Scotsman v Intercity - made by J. Walter Thompson . National Railway Museum. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
  38. ↑ Episode 20 Tender Engines in Season 3 of Thomas, the Little Locomotive
  39. ↑ Steve Asquith - 25 Years On The Model Unit . Retrieved July 8, 2010.
  40. ↑ Rebecca Hawkes: Flying Scotsman joins Thomas The Tank Engine film . In: The Telegraph . April 6, 2016 ( co.uk ).
  41. ^ Tornado - Top Gear to Waverley . In: Bauer Media Group (Ed.): Steam Railway Magazine . No. 363, May 29 - June 25, 2009.
  42. ↑ a b James May's Toy Stories, Series 1, Hornby . BBC. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
  43. ↑ James May's Toy Stories. The Great Train Race . BBC. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
  44. ^ The Flying Scotsman . The Royal Mint. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 31, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.royalmint.com
  45. ↑ Microsoft Train Simulator . Deafgamers. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved December 27, 2012.