List of Greek Phrases / Iota
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Ἰατρέ, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν ·
- Ἰατρέ, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν ·
- Iatre therapeuson seauton;
- "Doctor, heal yourself!"
Request from the Gospel according to Luke , where Jesus' teaching activity is reported:
“ 20 And when he closed the book, he gave it to the servant and sat down. And all eyes that were in the school looked at him. 21 And he began to say to them, Today this scripture is fulfilled in your ears. 22 And they all gave testimony of him, and were amazed at the wonderful words that came out of his mouth, and said, "Is not this Joseph's son?" And Jesus was about thirty years old when he began, and was taken to be the son of Joseph, who was the son of Eli. 23 And he said to them, You will certainly say this proverb to me: Doctor, help yourself. Because how great things have we heard happened at Capernaum! So do here too, in your hometown. 24 But he said, Truly I say to you, no prophet is acceptable in his country. "
The evangelist Luke himself was a doctor by profession and is considered the patron saint of doctors (as well as painters).
ἰδιώτης
- ἰδιώτης
- idiōtēs
- "Private citizen"
In ancient times, an idiōtēs was a person who did not separate the private from the public, such as craftsmen and traders or someone who was forbidden from politics, such as women and slaves.
The term was later applied to laypeople or people with a low level of education. It was only in the modern era that the term “ idiot ” became a dirty word.
An idioticon is a dictionary that explains dialectal, dialectal, sociolectal or technical terms.
Ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπος
- Ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπος
- Idou ho anthrōpos.
- "See the man!"
"Behold the man !", Latin Ecce Homo were the words with which to the description of John's Gospel , the Roman governor Pontius Pilate of the population of Jerusalem the tortured and with a crown of thorns winning prisoner Jesus of Nazareth handed, because he is no reason for whose condemnation saw:
“ 1 Τότε οὖν ἔλαβεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος τὸν ᾿Ιησοῦν καὶ ἐμαστίγωσε. 2 καὶ οἱ στρατιῶται πλέξαντες στέφανον ἐξ ἀκανθῶν ἐπέθηκαν αὐτοῦ τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ ἱμάτιον πορφυροῦν περιέβαλον αὐτὸν 3 καὶ ἔλεγον · χαῖρε ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ιουδαίων · καὶ ἐδίδουν αὐτῷ ῥαπίσματα. 4 ἐξῆλθεν οὖν πάλιν ἔξω ὁ Πιλᾶτος καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς ἴδε ἄγω ὑμῖν αὐτὸν ἔξω, ἵνα γνῶτε ὅτὑι ἐν αἐτί οὐδεμ. 5 ἐξῆλθεν οὖν ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς ἔξω φορῶν τὸν ἀκάνθινον στέφανον καὶ τὸ πορφυροῦν ἱμάτιον, 6 καὶ λέ ”ωει αὐοτῖς · λέ” ω ο.
“ 1 Pilate took Jesus and scourged him. 2 And the soldiers woven a crown of thorns, and placed it on his head, and put a purple robe on him, 3 and said, Hail, dear King of the Jews! and gave him strokes on the cheek. 4 Then Pilate went out again and said to them, See, I am bringing him out to you, that you may know that I find no fault in him. 5 So Jesus went out wearing a crown of thorns and a purple robe. And he said to them: See what a man! "
The motif of the suffering Jesus, who often seems to look at the viewer and thus enables identification with the Passion event, emerged in the late Middle Ages.
Ἰδοῦ Ῥόδος, καὶ ἀποπήδησον.
- Ἰδοῦ Ῥόδος, καὶ ἀποπήδησον.
- Idou Rhodes kai apopēdēson.
- "See Rhodes, so jump!"
Another version reads:
- Αὐτοῦ γὰρ καὶ Ῥόδος καὶ πήδημα.
- Autou gar kai Rhodes kai pēdēma.
- "Here is Rhodes and the jump!"
- " Hic Rhodus, hic salta ."
From the fables of Aesop , 33: 1-3: Invitation to a pentathlon who bragged about how far he had jumped on Rhodes . When his interlocutors had enough of his boasting, they asked him to repeat what had been achieved here and now. The meaning is "Prove by doing what you say you can."
In modern Greek it says: “ Ιδού η Ρόδος, ηδού και το πήδημα. "( " Idoú i Ródos, idoú ke to pídima. " )
ἱερὰ νόσος
- ἱερὰ νόσος
- here nosos
- "Holy disease"
- Latin " morbus sacer "
Ancient names for epilepsy , as found in Heraclitus and Herodotus , which should probably characterize the unusual nature of this disease, for which no explanation could be found. Another explanation for this naming can be that the brain was considered sacred as the place of origin of suffering.
The name epilepsy ( ἐπίληψις epilēpsis ) means seizure and was used by the ancient medical writers mainly to denote a seizure that occurred from time to time.
The ancient doctor Hippocrates of Kos overwrites his treatise on epilepsy with the presumably polemical title On the Sacred Disease . In this treatise, he opposes viewing epilepsy as more sacred than other diseases. For the first time the brain is localized as the place of origin and a naturalistic view takes the place of the earlier religious observation. Even so, the term sacred disease has persisted over the centuries. The mystery that surrounded the disease in the Middle Ages certainly contributed significantly to this.
The name Heracles' disease for epilepsy has also been used for more than 2000 years. The background for this designation is that the demigod Herakles allegedly suffered from epilepsy and in a maddened state killed his wife Megara and his three sons.
- Ἡρακλεία νόσος
- Hērakleia nosos
- Latin " Herculeus' disease "
This is described in a scene from the drama The Madness of Heracles by the poet Euripides :
Iris: But now he put out what Eurystheus commanded him,
Will Hera, that he should commit another murder, for
He is supposed to murder the sons, and I want it with her.
[...]
He learn what anger Hera is angry with him,
and also recognize mine! For the gods are
nothing, and great men, Heracles does not atone.
During the atonement ritual for the killing of Lycus , Heracles is attacked and murdered by Lyssa , the madness - believing that he can be with Eurystheus and take revenge on him, his own family. Only when he turns against Amphitryon does the goddess Athena appear and throw a stone at his chest, whereupon he falls into a deep sleep.
Other Latin names for this disease are very informative:
- divinus disease (= divine disease)
- morbus detestabilis (= undesirable disease)
- scelestus morbus (= wicked disease)
- morbus foedus (= nasty disease)
- morbus insputatus (= a disease before which one spat out)
- morbus mensalis (= table sickness - consequence of eating too much)
- lunaticus disease (= lunar disease)
- comitialis disease (= disease at public assembly)
- divinatio (= power of prophecy)
ἱερὸς γάμος
- ἱερὸς γάμος
- hieros gamos
- "Holy wedding"
When Hieros Gamos ( ἱερογαμία hierogamía ) is a religious rite, which was central to the religions of the Bronze Age cultures of the East and Europe. The originally mythological sexual union of a divine couple forms the background. In the religious sphere it is represented by the rulers and a priestess who are regarded as representatives of God on earth.
Holy virgins were the vestals and the priestesses of Aphrodite . In addition to this ideal of virgins, temple prostitution was also practiced.
The sacred marriage between Zeus and Hera is a marriage between siblings.
ΙΗΣ
- ΙΗΣ
- IES
- "Jesus)"
The Christ monogram IHS is derived from the transliteration of the first three letters of the Greek name Jesus, Iota - Eta - Sigma .
Until about 1450, the names Jesus and Christ and other " nouns sacra " were practically never written out in Bibles and documents . This short form was used in the late Middle Ages. The penitential preacher Bernardine of Siena (1380–1444) not only preached about the name of Jesus, but also used a so-called name-Jesus tablet for the sermon. Pope Martin V initially forbade the practice of the Name of Jesus tablet after rumors began to circulate that St. Bernard was using an amulet. In 1425, Bernardine had to answer to the Pope. He managed to defend himself before the Pope and 62 theologians. The Pope then allowed the name of Jesus to be worshiped and the name of Jesus tablet. The most popular use of the Christ monogram was by the Society of Jesus. The monogram is also often found as an ornament on churches or on liturgical clothing in the Roman Catholic Church.
A popular interpretation for IHS is "Jesus, Heiland, Seligmacher" in German .
The Latin reading " Iesus Hominum Salvator " ( "Jesus, Redeemer of men" ) is also widespread .
Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
- Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
- Iēsous ho Nazōraios ho Basileus tōn Ioudaiōn.
- "Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews"
Cross inscription above the head of Jesus , which the Roman governor Pontius Pilate had placed against the will of the Jewish scribes , who were bothered by the fact that Jesus was referred to as "King of the Jews" :
- " 19 ἔγραψε δὲ καὶ τίτλον ὁ Πιλᾶτος καὶ ἔθηκεν ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ · ἦν δὲ γεγραμμένον · Ιησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ιουδαίων. 20 τοῦτον οὖν τὸν τίτλον πολλοὶ ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ιουδαίων, ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν τῆς πόλεως ὁ τόπος ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ιησοῦς · καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Εβραῑστί, Ελληνιστί, Ῥωμαῑστί. "
- “19 Pilate wrote a title and put it on the cross; and it was written: Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews. 20 Many Jews read this heading; for the place was near the city where Jesus was crucified. And it was written in Hebrew, Greek and Latin. "
The later version of the text, translated into Latin, was decisive for the tradition of Christianity: " I esus N azarenus R ex I udæorum " , whose abbreviation INRI can be seen on many crucifixes .
- Latin: Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudæorum
- Greek: Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
- Hebrew: מלכא דיהוד (א) יא} malka dijehud (e) je .
King of the Jews was a title that had an undertone of turmoil in it.
Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς Θεοῦ Υἱὸς Σωτήρ
- Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς Θεοῦ Υἱὸς Σωτήρ
- Iēsous Christos Theou Hyios Sōtēr
- "Jesus Christ, Son of God, Redeemer".
The acronym ΙΧΘΥΣ ICHTHYS , meaning “fish” , according to an orally transmitted version, was an inconspicuous Christian identification mark of the early Christians. The Greek word for fish ἰχθύς [ ikʰtʰýs ] ( Ichthys ) contains a concise creed:
Ι ΗΣΟΥΣ - I ēsoûs "Jesus"
Χ ΡΙΣΤΟΣ - Ch ristós "the anointed"
Θ ΕΟΥ - Th eoû "God"
Υ ΙΟΣ - H y iós "Son"
Σ ΩΤΗΡ - S ōtér "Savior" / "Redeemer"
The (I · Ch · Th · Y · S) symbol consists of two curved lines that represent a fish. There is no historical evidence that it was already used by the first early Christians as a distinguishing mark: one person drew an arch in the sand, the other completed the symbol with the opposite arch and thus showed himself to be a Christian.
In his doctrine of baptism, the church writer Tertullian describes not only Christ as Ichthys, but also Christians as "little fish" who are only comfortable if they remain in the (baptismal) water.
Ἰλιὰς κακῶν
- Ἰλιὰς κακῶν
- Iliad kakōn
- "An Iliad of evils" (misfortune abound)
- Latin: " Ilias malorum "
Quote from the collection of proverbs Adagia by Erasmus of Rotterdam .
The baroque writer Peter Lauremberg explains the term as follows:
“The book Iliad contains the description of the Trojan War / and is not a misfortune or evil / which the war can bring with it / not described in this Iliad. Hence the saying: Ilias malorum , this is a heap of misfortune / yes, all evil is gathered in one heap ... "
ἵνα γεμισθῇ ὁ οἶκός μου.
- ἵνα γεμισθῇ ὁ οἶκός μου.
- Hina gemisthe ho oikos mou.
- "May my house be full."
In Jesus' parable of the great banquet , an angry host instructs his servants to go out into the street and invite passers-by to his feast, because those invited - under various pretexts - did not come:
“ 22 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ δοῦλος · κύριε, γέγονεν ὡς ἐπέταξας, καὶ ἔτι τόπος ἐστί. 23 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ κύριος πρὸς τὸν δοῦλον · ἔξελθε εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς καὶ φραγμοὺς καὶ ἀνάγκασὁον εομθθ.
“ 22 And the servant said, Lord, it is done what you have commanded; but there is still room. 23 And the master said to the servant, Go out into the highways and the fences, and compel them to come in, so that my house may be full. "
The Latin Compelle intrare was a principle of the Inquisition that goes back to the writings of the Doctor of the Church Augustine of Hippo . The advocates of the Inquisition saw it as an act of Christian charity to show an apostate the right way, if necessary under duress.
Ἵνα μαθὼν αὐτὸ ἀποθάνω.
- Ἵνα μαθὼν αὐτὸ ἀποθάνω.
- Hina mathōn auto apothanō.
- "So that I learn and then die."
Solon of Athens , one of the Seven Wise Men , heard his nephew sing a song by the poetess Sappho of Lesbos and was so enthusiastic that he asked the boy to teach him the poem. When asked why he bothered so hard at his age, he replied:
- "I want to learn it by heart and then die."
The most famous poem attributed to Sappho begins with the words “ Δέδυκε μὲν ἀ σελάννα καὶ Πληΐαδες ” ( “The moon and the Pleiades have already set” ).
Ἴομεν ἐς Σαλαμῖνα μαχησόμενοι περὶ νήσου.
- Ἴομεν ἐς Σαλαμῖνα μαχησόμενοι περὶ νήσου.
- Iomen es Salamina machēsomenoi peri nēsou.
- "Let's go to Salamis, ready to fight for the island!"
With these words Solon succeeded in persuading his fellow citizens to resume the struggle for the strategically important island of Salamis , which was offshore from Attica and which had been occupied by the rival Megara . The Athenians had enough of the costly battles and forbade it, on the death penalty, to apply for a campaign against Salamis.
In this situation Solon stormed into the market square and recited this elegy in which he called the Athenians to fight:
“Ἴομεν ἐς Σαλαμῖνα μαχησόμενοι περὶ νήσου ἱμερτῆς χαλεπόν τ 'αἶσχος ἀπωσόμενοι. Ἔπεισε δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὴν ἐν Θρᾴκῃ χερρόνησον προσκτήσασθαι. "
"Let's go to Salamis, ready to fight for the island, the lovely and the grave shame!"
Solon then appeared in the role of a madman, sang from the Herald's stone the elegy he had made: "Salamis" and conveyed the message:
“We're getting salamis back! Anyone who is not in favor is not an Athenian! "
Eventually, Salamis was reincorporated through contracts with Megara Athens.
Ἰουδαίοις μὲν σκάνδαλον, ῞Ελλησι δὲ μωρίαν
- Ἰουδαίοις μὲν σκάνδαλον, ῞Ελλησι δὲ μωρίαν
- Ioudaiois men skandalon, Hellēsi de moriōn
- "A nuisance to the Jews, a folly to the Greeks"
In the 1st Letter to the Corinthians Paul of Tarsus writes :
- "... but we preach the crucified Christ, an offense to the Jews and a folly to the Greeks"
- " … Ἡμεῖς δὲ κηρύσσομεν Χριστὸν ἐσταυρωμένον, ᾿Ιουδαίοις μὲν σκάνδαλον, ῞Ελλησι δὲ μωρίαν "
The Jews demanded signs, the Greeks sought wisdom. They did not get either of these from the early Christians who preached the message of Jesus crucified . When an almighty God had his Son humiliated on the cross, it contradicted popular beliefs about the power and glory of God. Contemporaries found it completely absurd when this story of suffering was also referred to as a salvation event .
The cross was used as a symbol of mockery until the 3rd century. The first depiction of the cross with Christian connotations is a mocking cross . The scribble, created around the years 200 to 250, shows a man with a donkey's head on the cross and in front of it a person with a raised hand in prayer. The writing under the graffito means:
- " ΑΛΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ ΣΕΒΕΤΕ ΘΕΟΝ " ( Αλεξαμενος σεβετε θεον. )
- Alexamenos sebete theon.
- "Alexamenos worships his God."
According to popular belief at the time, the Jews worshiped a god in the shape of a donkey. Alexamenos was therefore a Christian who was mocked because he worshiped the God of the Jews as crucified.
Ἱπποκράτους ὅρκος
- Ἱπποκράτους ὅρκος
- Hippokratous horkos
- " Oath of Hippocrates "
The beginning of the oath is as follows:
- Ὄμνυμι Ἀπόλλωνα ἰητρὸν καὶ Ἀσκληπιὸν καὶ Ὑγείαν καὶ Πανάκειαν καὶ θεοὺς πάντας τε καὶ πάσας ἵστορας ποιεύμενος ἐπιτελέα ποιήσειν κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ κρίσιν ἐμὴν ὅρκον τόνδε καὶ ξυγγραφὴν τήνδε.
- "I swear, calling on Apollo the doctor and Asklepios, Hygeia and Panakeia and all the gods and goddesses as witnesses, that I will fulfill this oath and this contract to the best of my ability and in accordance with my judgment."
- Apollo ( ἈπἈλλων ) was the god of light, moral purity, prophecy, the arts and healing.
- Asklepios ( Ἀσκληπιός ; Aesculapia), the son of Apollo, was the real god of healing. He is usually depicted as a bearded man, leaning on a stick around which a snake (adder) is entwined. This Asclepius staff became a symbol of medicine.
- Hygieia ( Ὑγιεία ; "health"), a daughter of Asklepios, was considered the patron saint of pharmacists.
- Panakeia ( Πανάκεια ; the "all-healing"), a daughter of Asclepius and sister of Hygieia, was the personification of healing through medicinal plants .
Ἱππου μὲν ἀρετὴν ἐν πολέμῳ ...
- Ἱππου μὲν ἀρετὴν ἐν πολέμῳ, φίλου δὲ πίστιν ἐν ἀτυχίαι κρίνομεν.
- Hippou men aretēn en polemō, philou de pistin en atychiai krinomen.
- "We judge the efficiency of a horse in war, the loyalty of a friend in misery."
This ancient Greek proverb is related to the word of the poet Euripides :
- "Never count on a friend in misery."
The sense is - as in Greek:
- "In times of need you can recognize your true friend."
Ἰσθμόν δὲ μὴ πυργούτε μήδ 'ορύσσετε.
- Ἰσθμόν δὲ μη πυργούτε μήδ 'ορύσσετε.
- Isthmon de me pyrgoute med 'oryssete.
- "Do not build a wall or a ditch on the isthmus."
Council of the Oracle of Delphi not to build a canal on the Isthmus of Corinth .
The humanist Erasmus von Rotterdam writes in his collection of proverbs Adagia :
“The phrase piercing the isthmus is used by people who make great but futile efforts in some matter. The term originally refers to the Isthmos of Corinth, which forced ships to make a long and dangerous detour around the peninsula. Therefore, several have tried to pierce it in its closest place, namely King Demetrius, the dictator Caesar, Emperor Claudius and Domitius Nero; However, as the end of all proved, the undertaking never brought luck ... Philostratus reports in Vita Apollonii that Nero did not abandon his plan because he was deterred by the difficulty of the task, but because he feared the incoming floods might come in to be a bad omen and signify the fall of Aegina or an impending overthrow in the Roman Empire; that is what Egyptian clairvoyants had prophesied. "
Even Herodotus tells in the first book of his histories that Cnidians wanted to pierce the isthmus to make their country an island; But stones jumped in the eyes of the workers, so that the Oracle of Delphi was asked for advice and the following answer was received:
"You shouldn't dig a trench at the isthmos wall, Zeus will make an island out of it himself, if he likes it."
Another Latin phrase for this is: " Isthmum perfodere " ( piercing the isthmus ).
It was not until the end of the 19th century that the Corinth Canal was built at its narrowest point (approx. 6.4 kilometers) .
Ἴσον τοι κυάμους τε φαγεῖν κεφαλάς τε τοκήων.
- Ἴσον τοι κυάμους τε φαγεῖν κεφαλάς τε τοκήων.
- Ison toi kyamous te phagein kephalas te tokēōn.
- "It's exactly the same thing to eat beans and the parents' heads."
Justification of the bean taboo of the Pythagoreans , as quoted by Ioannes Lydos . The reason for the bean ban was already unknown in ancient times. Occasionally a health reason was suggested, but most of the time it was assumed that it was a religious taboo. It was even assumed that the ban was so comprehensive that it absolutely forbade even touching a bean plant. This is why legends arose according to which Pythagoras, fleeing from persecutors, would rather accept death than cross a bean field. The Egyptians didn't eat beans and their priests weren't even allowed to see them.
It is believed that the bean ban was due to Pythagoras himself. It is still not clear whether the motive for this was exclusively mythical-religious or also dietetic. A connection with favism , an inherited enzyme disease in which the consumption of field beans is dangerous to health, is speculative. The reason given was that a bean laid in a grave and covered with dung for 40 days took on human form.
Pythagoras' other prohibitions included stepping over the bar, picking up something that had fallen over, or touching a white rooster.
Ισχύς μου η Αγάπη του Λαού.
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- Ισχύς μου η Αγάπη του Λαού.
- Ischys mu i Agapi tu Lau.
- "My strength is the love of the people."
This was the coat of arms motto of the Kingdom of Greece ( Βασίλειον της Ελλάδος ) under the rule of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg family , who came to the Danish throne in 1863 and at the same time to the Greek throne. They replaced the Wittelsbachers as kings of Greece.
George I was the second son of Christian IX. of Denmark and was elected King of Greece on March 30, 1863. He succeeded the Wittelsbach King Otto I , whose rule was ended by an uprising in 1862.
After the fall of Otto, a new coat of arms was created that resembled the coat of arms of the Danish royal family. In the center of the coat of arms is a shield with the Greek white cross on a blue background. In the middle of the cross is a shield with the coat of arms of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg family. Above is a royal crown. The coat of arms is supported by Heracles figures. The blue tape below bears the motto of the royal family in capital letters :
- ΙΣΧΥΣ ΜΟΥ Η ΑΓΑΠΗ ΤΟΥ ΛΑΟΥ
The coat of arms and the coat of arms appeared on coins of the Kingdom of Greece from 1863 to 1973, with an interruption by the Greek Republic from 1924 to 1935 and is still the emblem of the Greek royal family in exile.
Ἰχθὺν νηχέσθαι διδάσκεις.
- Ἰχθὺν νηχέσθαι διδάσκεις.
- Ichthyn nēchesthai didaskeis.
- "You teach a fish to swim."
- Latin “ Piscem natare doces. "
The epitome of something completely unnecessary.
There is also the version of the humanist Erasmus von Rotterdam " Delphinum natare doces " ( "You teach a dolphin to swim" ), in which the fish is replaced by a dolphin :
“Δελφῖνα νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.”
"Delphina nēchesthai didaskeis."
For Erasmus, the dolphin is the fastest of all living things and is far superior to fish:
"The authors report that with his incredible agility and amazing speed he leaves all living beings far behind."
Erasmus adds admiringly:
"His unique speed, he says, can best be recognized by the fact that, thanks to his agility, hardly a fish can ever escape him, although his mouth is far from the head end almost in the middle of his stomach, which he does when hunting fish but should actually be quite a hindrance; because he can only catch it if he turns so that he lies upside down on his back. Incidentally, he is well aware of his natural abilities, and in order to be admired or out of mischief he often competes with ships that are in full swing. "
Ἰχθὺς ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ὄζειν ἄρχεται.
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- Ἰχθὺς ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ὄζειν ἄρχεται.
- Ichthys ek tēs kephalēs ozein archetai.
- "A fish starts to stink from the head."
- Latin " Piscis primum a capite foetet. "
The humanist Erasmus von Rotterdam writes in his collection of proverbs Adagia :
"The fish starts to stink from the head first. This is directed against the bad rulers who infect the whole people with their corruption. It evidently comes from the language of the common people. "
The background to this saying is that all of the fish's essential organs are located just behind the head and reach up to about half the body. In a dead fish, these organs decompose first.
Ἰχώρ, οἷός πέρ τε ῥέει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν.
- Ἰχώρ, οἷός πέρ τε ῥέει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν ·
- Ichōr, hoios per te rheei makaressi theoisin;
- "Ichor, how he runs in the veins of the blessed gods;"
Alexander the Great used this quote from the Iliad of Homer , whom some saw as a god during his lifetime when he was wounded by an arrow. He said to his people:
- "What runs there, my friends, is blood and not Ichor, as it runs in the veins of the blessed gods."
Ichor is the blood of the gods. It should be gold-colored or transparent and be formed by the food of the gods, the ambrosia .
With Homer it is a blood-like juice . This is evident in the wounded gods who participated in the Battle of Troy . There it says in the translation by Johann Heinrich Voss , at the point where it is described how the goddess Aphrodite is wounded when she tries to intervene personally to save her son Aeneas :
Close to the joint in the plane: there her immortal blood ran,
clear sap, as it flows from the wounds of the blessed gods;
For they do not eat bread, nor do they drink sparkling wine;
They are therefore bloodless and are called immortal gods.
In pain, Aphrodite left her son and went up to Olympus. Instead of them, Apollon shielded Aeneas and called to the wildly advancing Diomedes that he should not get involved in a fight with gods. Only now did he recognize the god and let go of the fight.
See also: νέκταρ καὶ ἀμβροσία ( "Nectar and Ambrosia" )
Ἰωάννης ἐστὶ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ
- Ἰωάννης ἐστὶ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ
- Ioannēs esti to onoma autou;
- "Johannes is his name."
- Latin " Iohannes est nomen eius. "
In the story of the birth of John the Baptist , the archangel Gabriel announces the birth of a son to the old priest Zacharias , whom he is to name John ( “The Lord is gracious” ). Because he does not believe the angel, Zacharias becomes mute. Only when his wife declares at the child's circumcision ceremony that the boy will be called Johannes, and Zacharias confirms this by writing the above sentence on a board , does he get his vote back:
" 62 And they beckoned to his father what he wanted him to be called. 63 And he asked for a tablet and wrote thus, His name is John. And they were all amazed. 64 And immediately his mouth and tongue were opened, and he spoke and praised God. "
The Latin saying is also the motto of the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico .
ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κεραία
- ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κεραία
- iōta en hē mia keraina
- "No iota in my law"
The iota ( Ι, ι ) is the 9th and smallest letter of the Greek alphabet , but is specifically mentioned in the New Testament. In the Gospel of Matthew Jesus says :
- „ Ἀμὴν γὰρ λέγω ὑμῖν, ἕως ἂν παρέλθῃ ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ, ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κεραία οὐ μὴ παραία οὐ μὴ παραλάθῃυ ἀἕως παρέλάνο ἀἕως ντοτντντντντντντντητντντντντντηντντητντντντντητντητντντητντητντητντντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντητντ ντητν "
- "For verily, I say to you: Until heaven and earth pass away, not even an iota or a line shall pass from the law, until everything is done."
The point is that neither the smallest letter nor the smallest particle of such a letter may be changed.
The iota also played an important role in the so-called Arian controversy , which was about the relationship between God the Father and Jesus Christ, whereby the positions represented differed - pointedly - by only one iota: At the first Council of Nicaea , the In the year 325 it was decided that Jesus and God the Father were of the same nature ( ὁμοούσιος homoousios ), and not just of the same nature ( ὁμοιούσιος homo i ousios ), as the Arians claimed.
See also: ὁμοούσιος - ὁμοιούσιος (homoousios - homoiousios )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gospel according to Luke , 4, 20ff. (Quoted from http://www.bibel-online.net/buch/42.lukas/4.html#4,23 )
- Jump up ↑ Gospel according to John 19: 1-6
- ↑ https://www.bibel-online.net/buch/luther_1912/johannes/19/
- ↑ Euripides : The madness of Heracles 830ff. Quoted from http://www.stefan.cc/books/antike/herakles.html
- ↑ The disease of uncounted names - a brief cultural history of epilepsies ( Memento from August 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Gospel according to John, 19.19
- ^ Tertullian : De baptismo , 1.3
- ↑ Peter Lauremberg: Des Homeri Schrifften http://www.zeno.org/Literatur/M/Lauremberg,+Peter/Werk/Neue+und+vermehrte+ACERRA+PHILOLOGICA/Das+andere+Hundert+n%C3%BCtzlicher+ and + fun + statutes / 18. + Des + Homeri + Schrifften
- ↑ Gospel according to Luke 14:23
- ↑ http://www.bibel-online.net/buch/42.lukas/14.html#14,23
- ↑ Stobaios , 3:29:58
- ^ Gerhard Fink: The Greek language
- ^ 1. Paul's letter to the Corinthians , 1:23
- ↑ See point 5 in [1]
- ^ Walter Drum (1910): The Incarnation . In: Catholic Encyclopedia . tape 7 . Robert Appleton, New York 1913.
- ↑ a b c d e Erasmus of Rotterdam : Selected writings . Volume 7. Scientific Book Society. 1972
- ^ Ioannes Lydos: Mens . IV 42; Herakleides Pontikos fr. 41
- ↑ Homer: Iliad, 5,340
- ↑ Plutarch: Parallel Biographies, Alexander, 28
- ↑ Percy Jackson, Lexicon ( Memento from June 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ What did the gods look like, how did they live? ( Memento of April 8, 2001 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved September 2, 2015.
- ↑ Quoted from Digibib.org - Homer, Iliad. 5th song, 339–342 (PDF, 747 kB)
- ↑ http://www.bibel-online.net/buch/42.lukas/1.html#1,62-64
- ↑ Gospel according to Matthew (5, 18)