List of psychiatric clinics in Switzerland
Modern psychiatric clinics emerged in Switzerland from around the middle of the 19th century .
history
From the Middle Ages onwards, the mentally ill were housed in madhouses and isolation rooms in hospitals , but also in private institutions.
Examples from Swiss cities:
- Basel : "Almosen", building of the former Franciscan monastery near the Barfüsserkirche , since the second half of the 16th century
- Bern : "Tollhaus", one-story building with twelve cells, since 1749
- Geneva : “Discipline” administered by the hospital
- Lausanne : three new hospitals on the Champ de l'air since 1810, including a "Hospice des aliénés"
- Zurich : from 1551 "perforated chamber" in the hospital, from 1817 madhouse on the area of the hospital and in 1842, after the new hospital was built, the old hospital moved into
With the perception of mental illness as a social problem, “cantonal sanatoriums and nursing homes” were founded from the middle of the 19th century, each headed by a psychiatrist . Mostly new buildings were erected, and some monasteries were also converted. The institutions in Basel, Bern, Zurich, Lausanne and Geneva also served as university clinics. Private clinics were added around 1900. From the 1930s onwards, psychiatric polyclinics and counseling centers were established in the cities .
Cantonal psychiatric clinics
The following is an overview of early cantonal psychiatric clinics in Switzerland (until 1950) and the cantons' institutions responsible for inpatient psychiatry today. The traditional names developed from "insane asylum" via "sanatorium and nursing home" to "psychiatric clinic".
See also
- List of psychiatric hospitals in Germany
- List of psychiatric hospitals in Austria
- List of psychiatric hospitals in Poland
literature
- Hans H. Walser : The "German Period" (around 1850-1880) in the history of Swiss psychiatry and modern social psychiatry. In: Gesnerus . Vol. 28 (1971), H. 1/2, pp. 47-55 ( digitized version ).
- Hans H. Walser: Swiss psychiatry in the 19th century. In: Gesnerus. Vol. 29 (1972), H. 3/4, pp. 183-195 ( digitized version ).
- Hans H. Walser: The way of Swiss psychiatry into the 20th century. New trends and new tasks in historiography based on the work from 1970–1980. In: Gesnerus. Vol. 39 (1982), H. 2, pp. 97-108 ( digitized version ).
- Thomas Haenel: On the history of psychiatry. Thoughts on the general and Basel history of psychiatry. Birkhäuser, Basel 1982, ISBN 3-7643-1356-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vincent Barras: Psychiatry. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .