Marsens

This article describes the municipality in the canton of Friborg; For the defense tower of the same name in Puidoux, see Marsens Tower .

Marsens
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Freiburg (FR)
District :	Gruyère
BFS no. :	2140
Postal code :	1633
Coordinates :	571358  /  167 308 coordinates: 46 ° 39 '23 "  N , 7 ° 3' 52"  O ; CH1903:  571358  /  one hundred and sixty-seven thousand three hundred and eight
Height :	722  m above sea level M.
Height range :	674-1026 m above sea level M.
Area :	7.85  km²
Residents:	1909 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	243 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.marsens.ch
Location of the municipality

Marsens ( Freiburger Patois Machin ^{? / I} ) is a municipality in the Gruyère district of the canton of Friborg in Switzerland . The former German names Marsing and Marsingen are no longer used today. With effect from January 1, 2001, the previously independent municipality of Vuippens was incorporated into Marsens.

geography

Marsens is 722  m above sea level. M. , 4 km north of the district capital Bulle (linear distance). The village extends on the western edge of the valley of the Sionge stream , at the southern foot of the Gibloux , in the Gruyère region west of Lake Gruyère .

The area of ​​the 7.8 km² municipal area comprises a section of the Bulle basin in the foothills of the Friborg Alps . The long, narrow area of ​​the municipality has a share of Lake Gruyère in the east. The lakeshore is very indented here, as the Sionge and Gérignoz streams flow into the lake in small valleys, the lowest section of which was flooded when the Lac de la Gruyère was dammed. From the peninsula of Villars with the height of Sur le Mont ( 752  m above sea level ) the municipality extends westward over the valley low of the Sionge and the flat surface of Marsens up to the west adjoining heights of the Gibloux and its foothills. The northern border is mostly formed by the Gérignoz valley, which is deepened in the Gibloux molasse layers. In the far west the area extends into the Les Gurles lowland ; north of it is on the forest slope of Derbali with 1026  m above sea level. M. reached the highest point of Marsens. In 1997, 10% of the municipal area was in settlements, 25% in forests and woodlands, 64% in agriculture and a little less than 1% was unproductive land.

Marsens includes the village of Vuippens ( 705  m above sea level ), the hamlet of Chamufens ( 850  m above sea level ) on the eastern slope of the Gibloux south of the Gérignoz valley and numerous individual farms. Neighboring municipalities of Marsens are Echarlens , Riaz , Sâles , Grangettes , Le Châtelard , Sorens , Pont-en-Ogoz , Hauteville and Corbières .

Aerial photo (1952)

population

With 1909 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018) Marsens is one of the medium-sized communities in the canton of Friborg. 93.5% of the residents are French-speaking, 3.5% German-speaking and 0.9% Italian-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Marsens was 970 in 1900. In the course of the 20th century, the population fluctuated between 1150 and 1220 for a long time. Since 1990 (1166 inhabitants) there has been a significant increase in population.

economy

Aerial photo of the former monastery by Walter Mittelholzer (between 1917 and 1937)

Marsens was a predominantly agricultural village until the first half of the 20th century . Even today, livestock and dairy farming (for cheese production) and, to a lesser extent, arable farming have a certain importance in the income structure of the population. Further jobs are available in local small businesses and especially in the service sector. The construction of the cantonal psychiatric hospital on the site of the secularized Humilimont Abbey between 1872 and 1880 fundamentally changed the economic structure in Marsens. In the last few decades the village has also developed into a residential community thanks to its attractive location. Many employed people are therefore commuters who work in the Bulle and Freiburg regions.

traffic

The community has good transport connections. It is located near the main road from Freiburg to Bulle. The next connection to the A12 motorway , which has been open continuously from Bern to Vevey since 1981 and crosses the municipality, is around 4 km from the town center. Marsens is connected to the public transport network by the Transports publics Fribourgeois bus line , which runs from Freiburg via Rossens to Bulle .

history

The municipality of Marsens was populated very early. The oldest traces of settlement go back to the Bronze Age . A little outside of today's village there was a Gallo-Roman temple, which was dedicated to Mars Caturix and which was destroyed during an invasion of the Alemanni around the year 260 AD. The first written mention of the place took place in 851 under the name Curtis Marsingus . The names Marsingis (929), Marcens (1668) and Marsans appeared later . The place name is originally derived from the Roman god of war Mars .

Before the year 1000 Marsens belonged to the territory of the Kingdom of Burgundy . In 1137 the Premonstratensians founded the Humilimont monastery (German: Niederberg) in the area east of the village, which passed to the Jesuits in Freiburg in 1580 . Secular power over Marsens had been held by the lords of Corbières from the 12th century. When the parts of the lordship west of the Saane were split off, the village came under the newly formed lordship of Vuippens in 1225 .

In 1547 Marsens came to Freiburg and was assigned to the newly founded Bailiwick of Vuippens-Everdes. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime (1798), the village belonged to the Bulle district during the Helvetic and the subsequent period until 1848, before it was incorporated into the Gruyères district. After the Humilimont monastery was secularized in 1848, the convent buildings were included in the construction of the psychiatric hospital. On January 1st, 2001 the parish merger of Marsens and Vuippens was completed, the new parish is still called Marsens.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Marsens

The Saint-Nicolas chapel in the village center originally dates from 1330. The Jesuits built the Saint-Ignace chapel on the monastery grounds between 1641 and 1642, a large octagonal structure that was restored in 1989 and also bears the name La Rotonde (rotunda). In the municipal areas of Echarlens and Riaz, some remains of the Gallo-Roman temple of Mars and the former vicus (with the remains of workshops and baths) have been preserved.

literature

• Helvetia sacra, Volume IV / 3: The Premonstratensians in Switzerland , edited by several authors, edited by Bernard Andenmatten and Brigitte Degler-Spengler , Basel 2002. Humilimont (Vuippens-Marsens FR), prémontrés, pp. 411–444 . Author: Kathrin Utz Tremp . http://www.helvetiasacra.ch

Web links

Commons : Marsens  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Marsens (French)
• Alain-Jacques Czouz-Tornare: Marsens (FR). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Aerial views of the village

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .