Markusgrün (Weischlitz)

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Markusgrün , until the 19th century: Marxgrün was a place near Heinersgrün in the Saxon Vogtland district , which was demolished after 1961 as part of the GDR border security on the inner German border . In its vicinity, a watchtower of the GDR border troops still reminds of the time of the division of Germany . As part of the Heinersgrün community, the Markusgrün corridor came to the Burgstein community on January 1, 1994 and to the Weischlitz community on January 1, 2011 .

geography

Geographical location and traffic

The devastated location of Markusgrün is located in the southwest of the municipality Weischlitz, northwest of the main town Heinersgrün and directly east of the former border tower. ⊙ The federal motorway 72 runs between the locality of Markusgrün and Heinersgrün . In the immediate vicinity to the west of the village are the nature reserve "Himmelreich" (former border strip of the inner-German border ) and the area natural monument "Grenzheide", which are part of the German Green Belt . The ridge path Erzgebirge – Vogtland runs east of Markusgrün .

The former location of Markusgrün is in the west of the Vogtlandkreis and in the Saxon part of the historic Vogtland on the border with the Bavarian Vogtland . Geographically, the place is in the center of the natural area Vogtland ( Central Vogtland Kuppenland ).

Neighboring places

Krebes Schwarzenreuth
Föhrig Neighboring communities
Heinersgrün

history

Markusgrün was mentioned as Vorwerk Marxgrün in 1412 . It belonged to the Heinersgrün manor , which was mentioned as a manor in the 12th century and as a manor in 1542. Around 1330 this was in the possession of the Upper Franconian and Vogtland noble family von Feilitzsch . The Heinersgrüner line of the von Feilitzsch family sold the manor to the von Pöllnitz family in 1648 . Another branch of the von Feilitzsch family bought it back in 1785. In church terms, Marxgrün used to be pastorate to Wiedersberg , and since 1930 to Bobenneukirchen. Heinersgrün with Marxgrün was in the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon office of Voigtsberg until 1856 . In 1856 the place was affiliated to the Oelsnitz court office and in 1875 to the Oelsnitz administration . The scattered settlement of Marxgrün, the center of which was an estate with a manor house, was called Markusgrün from 1908 and officially from 1930. At that time the place had 25 inhabitants. In 1936 Philipp Freiherr von Feilitzsch sold the Heinersgrün manor with the Markusgrün Vorwerk to the farmer Achaz von Zehmen , from whom it came to Emil Kleine-Brockhoff in 1942. However, von Zehmen kept the Markusgrün forest estate.

In the course of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone from 1945 on , the Heinersgrün manor and the Markusgrün Vorwerk were expropriated. Due to its location in the 5 km wide restricted area on the border with the FRG , a command of the GDR border troops had been housed in Schloss Heinersgrün since 1950 . Because the Rudolphstein bridge on the Munich – Berlin autobahn was blown up in 1945, the section of today's federal autobahn 72 (Hof – Chemnitz) built in the late 1930s was used as an interzonal crossing between 1945 and 1951 . The small settlement of Markusgrün was of particular importance for border security from 1945, as the border strip and the motorway including the crossing were easily accessible and visible from here. Since 1948 there has been a company of the German Border Police (DGP) in Markusgrün , the location of which was further expanded in the 1950s. In 1951, the motorway crossing at Markusgrün was closed and the motorway between Hof / Töpen and Pirk was closed to traffic until 1989 . At least in the 1980s, the section between the Großzöbern temporary exit and the Heinersgrün exit (which was not released during the later expansion) was accessible on two lanes within the restricted border area . As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , Markusgrün came to the Oelsnitz district in the Chemnitz district in 1952 as a district of the Heinersgrün community (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ). After the inner-German border was also strengthened in the course of the construction of the Wall in 1961 , Markusgrün was in the 500-meter-wide protective strip . Since the place was no longer accessible, the abandoned buildings fell into disrepair and were later demolished. A few meters east of the village, the watchtower of the border troops, which is still visible today from the motorway, was built.

With the turnaround , Heinersgrün's situation in the restricted area ended. The former border strip has since been part of the Green Belt Germany nature reserve . As part of the municipality of Heinersgrün, the Markusgrün corridor initially belonged to the Saxon district of Oelsnitz from 1990 onwards. On January 1, 1994, the Heinersgrün community merged with six other communities to form the Burgstein community, which moved the place to the Plauen district , which was added to the Vogtland district in 1996. With the incorporation of the Burgstein community into the Weischlitz community, the former location of Markusgrün has belonged to the Heinersgrün district of Weischlitz since January 1, 2011.

Web links

Commons : Markusgrün  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Markusgrün in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Markusgrün on a historical map of Saxony
  2. ↑ Heinersgrün Castle on Sachsens-Schlösser.de
  3. ↑ Heinersgrün Castle at www.alleburgen.de
  4. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 74 f.
  5. ↑ The Oelsnitz District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
  6. ↑ Markusgrün as a stop on the border tour "Life on the Iron Curtain"
  7. ↑ Markusgrün on gov.genealogy.net
  8. ↑ Heinersgrün on gov.genealogy.net
  9. ^ Burgstein on gov.genealogy.net

Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '38 "  N , 11 ° 59' 3.1"  E