Central German lake district
The Central German Lakeland is a region in Central Germany with numerous artificial lakes that were created after the open-cast mines of the Central German lignite mining area were flooded . The term Saxon Lake District is mainly used for this in the tourism industry . The area includes the north-west of Saxony , but also areas in the south of Saxony-Anhalt and in the north-east of Thuringia . Some lakes in the immediate vicinity of Leipzig are called Leipziger Neuseenland because of their special relationship and proximity to Leipzig .
The total area of the lakes will be 175 km² after the ongoing flooding has ended. The Central German Lake District will thus become one of the largest lake landscapes in Germany. Geiseltalsee , located in the south of Saxony-Anhalt, is the largest artificial lake in Germany with an area of 1850 hectares.
Numerous leisure and recreation areas have already been created on the banks and in the vicinity of the lakes . The expansion has not yet been completed.
history
In the middle of the 19th century the industrial development of the region began with the development of lignite as a fuel. In the 20th century, lignite chemistry sites were created in the immediate vicinity, for which the term Central German Chemical Triangle stood. Before 1990, 20 open-cast mines produced around 150 million tons of lignite , which was converted into electricity or refined in numerous power plants , briquette factories and smelting plants. The Brown Coal Road connects the historical sites of coal production, in which more than 100 objects between Bitterfeld , Delitzsch , Leipzig , Borna , Altenburg and Zeitz remind of the coal mining. The former industrial facilities were converted into cultural and leisure facilities with catering establishments. The former mining methods can be seen in the United Schleenhain open-cast mine , which is still active, or in Ferropolis , the "City of Iron".
nature
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For many years, large parts of the former opencast mines were left to natural succession . A mosaic of wet and dry locations developed. Numerous endangered animal and plant species such as orchids and amphibians settled here. The remnants of the old cultural landscape with a pronounced floodplain structure of the rivers Weisse Elster and Pleiße stretch like a ribbon into the center of the city of Leipzig.
Flood protection
The opencast mines have destroyed the natural floodplain of the White Elster; the lake is being used as a new floodplain due to the inlet structure between this river and Lake Zwenkau .
Culture
past
The Saxon Lake District has a high density of cultural and historical evidence and places of remembrance. The oldest prehistoric site in Saxony, at 280,000 years old, is in Markkleeberg . In churches one can find the oldest organs in Saxony from the workshops of Gottfried Silbermann , Zacharias Hildebrandt , Gottfried Richter and Urban Kreutzbach . The Altranstädt Peace Treaty was concluded in Altranstädt in 1706 , with which August the Strong had to sign the renunciation of the Polish crown. The best-known military conflict in this area was the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813, which heralded Napoleon's downfall.
present
In the exhibition pavilion at Cape Zwenkau on Lake Zwenkau, a model of a technical and historical monument - the overburden conveyor bridge 18 in the Zwenkau opencast mine - is shown. The " Bergbau-Technik-Park " presents two large mining equipment in the information network on the history of lignite.
The Highfield Festival has been taking place at Störmthaler See since 2010 . The art installation " Vineta ", a floating island in the Störmthaler See, is reminiscent of the church in the excavated town of Magdeborn .
Leisure and water sports
The Belantis amusement park , the model building park in Markkleeberg and the coal railway on the route from Meuselwitz to Regis-Breitingen are located in the Lakeland . A center for water sports is developing; it is possible to go canoeing on the new lakes from the Cospudener See over the riparian forest to downtown Leipzig. In May 2013 the connection between the Störmthaler and the Markkleeberger See was inaugurated. There are also good conditions for diving , sailing , windsurfing , kite surfing , wakeboarding and water skiing . On the east bank of the Markkleeberger See, there has been a canoe slalom whitewater course in Canoe Park Markkleeberg since 2006 with two lanes of different lengths with variable currents for canoeists.
Future prospects
One of the projects still to be carried out is a tourist river network that connects the lakes in the south of Leipzig with one another through artificial, navigable canals and leads to the city of Leipzig. The first section is the Leipzig – Cospudener See route.
In 2015, the connection between the Karl Heine Canal and the Lindenau harbor was completed. The overall tourism management concept presented in 2015 for the water landscape in Central Germany lists ten lighthouse projects, one of which is the connection via the Elster-Saale Canal to the Saale .
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Overview of the lakes in the Central German Lake District
| Name (and location) | Final size in hectares |
Flooding | use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bockwitzer See ( map ) | 168 | 1995-2004 | primarily reserved for nature conservation |
| Cospudener See ( map ) | 436 | 1993-2000 | Bathing beaches, water sports and leisure center |
| Geiseltalsee ( map ) | 1842 | 2003-2011 | Water sports, swimming lake, leisure |
| Grabschützer See ( map ) | 130 | 1997-2022 | |
| Gremminer See ( map ) | 541 | 2002–2012 | Ferropolis museum and venue |
| Gröberner See ( map ) | 374 | 2003-2013 | Water sports, gastronomy, motorhome parking spaces, resort operations |
| Great Goitzschesee ( map ) | 1331 | 1999-2002 | Water sports, leisure, landscape art |
| Großkaynaer See ( map ) | 255 | 1996-2012 | |
| Großstolpener See ( map ) | 28 | 1992-1998 | Lido and gastronomy |
| Hainer See ( map ) | 560 | 1999-2010 | Water sports and leisure center (planned) |
| Harthsee ( map ) | 88 | 1985-1996 | Swimming lake, gastronomy, campsite |
| Haselbacher See ( map ) | 334 | 1993-2002 | Water sports, swimming lake |
| Haubitzer See ( map ) | 158 | 1999-2006 | Water sports and leisure center (planned) |
| Holzweißiger See ( map ) | 47 | 2005-2006 | Water sports, swimming lake |
| Kahnsdorfer See ( map ) | 121 | 1999-2018 | natural reserve |
| Kulkwitzer See ( map ) | 170 | 1963-1973 | Water sports and leisure center |
| Ludwigsee ( map ) | 86 | 1993-2007 | Bathing lake, nature |
| Markkleeberger See ( map ) | 249 | 1993-2005 | Water sports and leisure center |
| Muldestausee ( map ) | 630 | 1975-1976 | Nature, leisure, recreation, water sports |
| Neuhauser See ( map ) | 155 | 1998-2006 | nature |
| Pahnaer See ( map ) | 26th | 1955-1970 | Lido, gastronomy, campsite |
| Paupitzscher See ( map ) | 80 | 1993-2006 | Europe-wide important fauna and flora habitat |
| Pereser See ( map ) | 589 | 2045-2051 | Water sports, landscape lake (planned) |
| Raßnitzer See ( map ) | 315 | 1998-2002 | mostly reserved for nature conservation |
| Runstädter See ( map ) | 233 | 2001-2003 | |
| Schladitzer See ( map ) | 220 | 1999-2012 | Water sports and leisure |
| Seelhausener See ( map ) | 634 | 2000-2002 | Swimming lake, water sports, landscape lake (planned) |
| Borna reservoir ( map ) | 265 | 1964-1980 | Flood protection, fish farming, nature conservation, natural beaches |
| Störmthaler See ( map ) | 733 | 2003-2012 | Water sports, nature conservation, art projects (planned) |
| Wallendorfer See ( map ) | 338 | 1998-2004 | Leisure, recreation, nature conservation |
| Werbeliner See ( map ) | 443 | 1998-2010 | Bird sanctuary |
| Werbener See ( map ) | 79 | 1998-2000 | Swimming lake, fishing, diving |
| Zwenkauer See ( map ) | 970 | 2006-2015 | Leisure and recreation, nature and flood protection (planned) |
See also
literature
- Lothar Eißmann , Frank W. Junge: The Central German Lake District. About the change of a landscape. The north . 1st edition. Sax-Verlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3-86729-140-8 .
- Lothar Eißmann, Frank W. Junge: The Central German Lake District. About the change of a landscape. The south . 1st edition. Sax-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86729-100-2 .
- Central German lake landscape . Special issue of the Leipziger Blätter . 1st edition. Passage-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-938543-35-1 .
- Regional Planning Association Westsachsen (Ed.): Central German Lake Landscape - Lake Catalog 2013–2015 . Leipzig 2013, OCLC 593856546 .
- Wolfgang Czegka, Frank W. Junge, Jörg Hausmann, Veit Kuchenbuch, Rainer Wennrich: The anthropogenic standing waters of the "New Central German Lake Landscape" (New Lake District) - overview, hydrochemical typification, selected examples . In: Z. dt. Ges. Geowiss. No. 159/1 . E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart March 2008, p. 141-154 , doi : 10.1127 / 1860-1804 / 2008 / 0159-0141 .
- Central German lake landscape. Scale 1: 330,000 . Map. State Development Saxony, State Ministry of the Interior ( online PDF).
Web links
- Tourism Association Leipziger Neuseenland eV
- Regional Planning Association West Saxony - Current redevelopment plans
- Seenkompass ( Memento from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (GIS-based information on lake development in Central Germany)
- Central German lake landscape. LMBV , accessed on January 27, 2014 .
- Lake landscape in Central Germany: Off to new shores. Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (mdr.de), archived from the original on February 18, 2013 ; accessed on June 2, 2016 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Central German lake landscape . Special issue of the Leipziger Blätter, p. 7.
- ↑ Water network
- ↑ Final report "Overall tourism management concept for the water landscape in Central Germany"
Map with all coordinates: