Zollenspieker (nature reserve)

Zollenspieker nature reserve IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
Outside dike areas of the nature reserve
location	South of Kirchwerder
surface	80 ha
WDPA ID	166425
Geographical location	53 ° 24 '  N , 10 ° 12'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 24 '7 "  N , 10 ° 11' 49"  E
Setup date	1988
administration	BSU

The Zollenspieker is a nature reserve in the Hamburg districts of Kirchwerder and Neuengamme in the Bergedorf district .

General

The nature reserve is around 80  hectares in size. It consists of three parts and extends on the north bank of the Elbe east of the Zollenspieker district . The “ Kiebitzbrack ” nature reserve adjoins to the northeast . The nature reserve includes around 64 hectares of outer dyke areas from river kilometers 594 to 598 as well as two inland dyke areas between Grünerdeich and Riepenburg , totaling around 13 hectares , which extend to Marschbahn dam over the Carlsbrack, the Riepenburger Brack and the Riepenburger Vogelschutzhöwez. The area, which is managed by the Hamburg Regional Association of the German Nature Conservation Union , has been under nature protection since April 26, 1988. Together with the nature reserve “Kiebitzbrack”, it forms the FFH area “Zollenspieker / Kiebitzbrack” registered in 1998 .

Outer dike areas

The outer dike areas are between 100 and 400 meters wide. In the northeast of the nature reserve, the dike extends closer to the course of the river, here the areas are only around 35 meters wide. The areas are subject to tide and river dynamics. They are of the nature reserve of mainly in the western area of lowland forest residues and between the riprap groins freshwater Watten coined at the meadows connecting surfaces. In the eastern area, meadow areas and tall herbaceous areas dominate . At the foot of the dyke, the meadows are sometimes as flowering meadows where u. a. White oat , heather carnation and meadow cranesbill grows.

A tidal creek in the outer dyke area from Zollenspieker Hafen was extended to the east in 1996 as "Priel 1" and connected to the tidal flats. In 2003 another tidal creek, the "Priel 2", was created in the area of ​​the tidal flats and the groynes in the tidal area were cut through. The sandy excavation was carried out on the pioneer island, which is located opposite the Riepenburger Brack. Here, a ruderal field of dry locations with approaches to poor grassland vegetation developed.

Inland dike areas

The Carlsbrack

The sub-areas "Carlsbrack" and "Riepenburger Brack" are each characterized by a brack that was created by breaches of the dike. The exact age of both bracks is unknown.

The Carl Brack of reeds reeds and shrubs surround the Riepe Burger Brack of woody plants. The water surfaces of both bracks are largely occupied by the yellow pond rose and white water lily . You can also find a frog bite and crab claws in the Carlsbrack .

The Riepenburger Brack is connected to the north by a ditch with the Kraueler collecting ditch . The moat widens in places to small ponds. He is accompanied by bushy reeds.

To the east of the Carlsbrack is a forest area through which the Kirchwerder Mühlendamm runs. The southern part is the remains of a hardwood alluvial forest . It is dominated by English oaks . To the north there is a very wet alder forest in places . When the Elbe floods, the forest areas can be flooded by smoke .

These two sub-areas are predominantly surrounded by agricultural land . In places, residential developments border the nature reserve here.

Flora and fauna

Around 150, often tide-dependent, plant species can be found in the outer dyke areas, including the Elbe burdock , annual mugwort and the Elbe moss ( Deschampsia wibeliana ), which only occurs on the Elbe . Hemlock fennel , which is endemic to the salt-free tidal area of ​​the Elbe, can also be found here.

The nature reserve is a habitat for numerous birds, including common snipe , godwit and redshank . Also kingfisher , oriole and turncoat and Meadow Pipit , Yellow Warbler , Wood Warbler , Lesser Spotted Woodpecker and Marsh Harrier occur here. The tidal flats and shallow water areas are feeding, gathering and resting places for numerous birds, including goosander , shelduck and teal as well as other waterfowl and limicoles .

Creeks, gullies and shallow water areas are also the habitat and growth area for numerous fish species, including bitterling , feint , river and sea ​​lamprey , asp , mud whip , wolffish and the Baltic sea beak .

The nature reserve is also a habitat for dragonflies , including wedge- spotted damsel , bat damselfly , common darter and former reed hunter , grasshoppers , including the great golden terrestrial and marsh insect , butterflies such as the brown-spotted mother-of-pearl butterfly and the stubborn butterfly , which prefer the wet meadows and the Black bulbous Brown Skipper , dry and lean surfaces preferred, and also snails and clams as those in sedges living rich shore hems Desmoulins' whorl snail and lives in oxygen-rich, organic water sediments anisus vorticulus .

Web links

Commons : Zollenspieker  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• "Zollenspieker" nature reserve , website of the city of Hamburg
• Zollenspieker , NABU regional association Hamburg
• Nature reserves on the Elbe , Elbe³ relax. Discover. Experience! Brochure from the authority for urban development and the environment (PDF file, 11.4 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 2627-301  Zollenspieker / Kiebitzbrack .  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 18, 2017.
2. ^ Carlsbrack , City of Hamburg. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
3. ^ Riepenburger Brack , City of Hamburg. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
4. ↑ Adaptation of the fairway in 1999, effects on planned FFH areas ( memento of February 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), central data management of the Waterways and Shipping Directorate North, Tideelbe portal.