Marienberg Monastery (Boppard)

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Marienberg Monastery
Southern facade of the Marienberg monastery facing away from the city
The former economic building of the monastery

The Marienberg monastery in Boppard is a former Benedictine monastery . This noble monastery was founded in the 12th century and subordinated to the Abbey of St. Euccharius . From the middle of the 15th century, as a result of a reform of the rules for living in the monastery, Marienberg had its own abbess . That is why the monastery building is also called Marienberg Benedictine Abbey today. After a devastating fire in 1738, it was rebuilt in the baroque style. In the course of secularization , the monastery was dissolved and converted into a cold water facility. After the Second World War it was used again as a monastery and school by the Ursulines until 1981 . Since then the monastery has been mostly empty.

The monastery building is the largest cultural monument in the Rhine-Hunsrück district and has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 . However, the structure of the building complex is in very poor condition.

The former monastery garden is now called Marienberger Park and is used as a local recreation area. The traditional Orgelbornkirmes is celebrated in this park once a year .

location

Marienberg Monastery was built on a slope southeast of the medieval town of Boppard . There is a forecourt facing north towards the city. The Marienberger Hohl runs between the former monastery and the residential area on Simmerner Straße, which was built in the 19th century, as a connecting road to Simmerner Straße, which leads to the Hunsrück . South of the monastery is the former cattle house and in the south-east is the monastery garden , which is now called Marienberger Park. The buildings of the Marienberg secondary school are to the east and the Boppard Süd train stop is northwest of the monastery.

history

Foundation of the monastery

Drawing by Adelheid von Stolterfoth : You can see Konrad Bayer von Boppard, mourning the death of Maria.

According to a legend, the Marienberg monastery was founded by Konrad Beyer von Boppard . Since his friends had made him do it, he returned the vows to his bride Maria in the early 12th century. Although he was quick to regret it, he was too proud to admit it. Then Konrad Beyer von Boppard was challenged to a duel by Maria disguised as a man. In this duel Konrad killed the beloved Maria and for this reason had the Marienberg monastery built. Then Konrad Beyer von Boppard went to war to die.

In truth, the monastery was not founded by one person. In 1120, the citizens of Boppard acquired the Marienkapelle and additional property and donated the “Mariabodenberg” monastery, which later bore the name “Hohes Kloster”. In 1123, Emperor Heinrich V confirmed the foundation and placed it under the Abbey of St. Euccharius (today: St. Matthias) near Trier. In 1147, the "Cella B. Marie the Bopardie" was mentioned in documents as the property of the St. Euccharius Abbey. 1148 confirmed Pope Eugene III. The Foundation.

From the 13th to the 15th century

Site plan of the Boppard War of 1497

At the beginning of the 13th century there was a sharp increase in donations to the Marienberg monastery. The construction of the monastery church probably started around this time. But the background is probably also that the Marienberg monastery rose to a greater reputation because the establishment of the Augustinian monastery Pedernach downstream from Boppard had proven to be a failure. The will of 1212 of Archbishop Johann of Trier called the "Sorores in Bobardia" and thus described the character of Marienberg as a nunnery. The chapel served as a burial place for the Boppard nobility as early as 1225 . In 1236 relics from the Theban Legion and the Society of Saint Ursula of Cologne were brought to the monastery and in 1241 the monastery chapel was consecrated after Saint Anne . The chapel was originally located in the cloister of the monastery complex. Later this was enlarged and relocated. In 1275 indulgences were announced for burial in the monastery cemetery and it was not until 1299 that the high altar altars were consecrated to the Virgin Mary .

The grievances in monastic breeding and life in the monastery became very evident at the time of the reform councils of Constance (1414–1418) and Basel (1431–1449), also in the Marienberg monastery. Johannes Rode , the abbot of St. Matthias, reformed Marienberg in 1437, which was subordinate to the Trier monastery. The new statutes were introduced on Trinity Sunday. Isengard von Greiffenclau (sister of the knight Friedrich von Greiffenclau zu Vollrads ), who was elected master of Marienberg in 1432, supported the reform movements. On that day she solemnly made her profession and introduced the strict cloister . In addition, numerous aspirants were dressed on the same day.

The Marienberg Monastery was the first German Benedictine monastery to adopt the statutes of Johannes Rode, which formed the basis of the later Bursfeld congregation . The strict observance of these statutes attracted reform-minded sisters, so that the convent consisted of over 100, at times even 150 sisters. Marienberg nuns were sent to reform other monasteries. In these they officiated many times as abbesses and prioresses. The Cistercian monastery in Kumbd, for example, asked Margaretha Rodel von Reifenberg as abbess, five women choirs and a lay sister. Elisabeth Beyer von Boppard went to the Benedictine monastery in Diersteinn as abbess and nuns were also sent to the monasteries Eisleben (in Saxony) , Lobenfeld , Schönau (near Strüth) , St. Walburg and Walsdorf (in the Taunus) . After the introduction of the Bursfeld reform, Master Isengard von Greiffenclau was awarded the title of Abbess by Archbishop of Trier in order to honor her for her services in the reform. Her successors also received this title. In documents from the 15th and 16th centuries, the titles master and abbot are still used side by side.

In 1497 the elector and archbishop Johann von Trier had the margrave of Baden besieged the city of Boppard through his military leader . He initially occupied Marienberg with 700 foot servants and made it his quarters for weeks, where the city's surrender was finally signed. This siege is also known as the Boppard War .

For the family association Kämmerer von Worms / Dalberg , the monastery was the central facility in the late Middle Ages to care for single daughters who became nuns there or rose to higher offices in the monastery hierarchy:

Grave slab of Kunigunde Beyer von Boppard, widowed chamberlain of Worms in the cloister with the alliance coat of arms of Beyer von Boppard (heraldic: top left) and the chamberlain of Worms / Dalberg (heraldic: right)
  • Guda, * approx. 1400, daughter of Friedrich V. Chamberlain of Worms, prioress of the monastery.
  • Margareta, also a daughter of Friedrich V. Kämmerer von Worms and sister of the aforementioned.
  • Kunigunde Beyer von Boppard, † March 21, 1476, widow of Adam I. Chamberlain of Worms (1413–1463), became a nun and abbess of the monastery (1467–1476) after the death of her husband.
  • Ursula, * around 1493, † after September 30, 1521, daughter of Johann XXII. Chamberlain from Worms zu Kropsburg , nun.
  • Barbara, named from 1464, † 1535, daughter of Philipp I. Treasurer of Worms zu Herrnsheim . She became prioress of the monastery in 1469.
  • Anna, also a daughter of Philip I Chamberlain of Worms zu Herrnsheim, became a nun in the monastery in 1469.
  • Guda von Dalberg , named since 1464, † 1518, daughter of Wolfgang III. Chamberlain of Worms , called von Dalberg, was initially a nun in Marienberg Monastery, then from 1494–1506 prioress of Maria Himmelskron Monastery in Horchheim (today: Worms ) and later prioress of Marienberg Monastery.
  • Gertrud, † April 7, 1520, also a daughter of Wolfgang III. Chamberlain of Worms, called von Dalberg, nun.
  • Margareta, † 1521, also a daughter of Wolfgang III. Chamberlain of Worms, called von Dalberg, nun.
  • (Maria) Apollonia von Dalberg (1487–1524), daughter of Friedrich VI. von Dalberg , abbess of the monastery (1518–1524).
  • Maria, * around 1491, † 1523, also a daughter of Friedrich VI. von Dalberg and sister of the aforementioned Apollonia, nun.
  • Anna, * around 1488, † 1503, also a daughter of Friedrich VI. von Dalberg and sister of the aforementioned Apollonia, nun.

In the 16th and 17th centuries

In the 16th century, the Marienberg monastery survived the difficult economic conditions at that time relatively well due to its solid agricultural equipment - in contrast to other institutions such as the Bopparder Stift. In 1632 and 1646 the monastery was damaged by the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) caused by Swedish and Weimar troops. The city of Boppard had to raise large sums of money as contributions. During this time religious indifference became noticeable, which among other things led to the Marienberg convent declining to fewer than 40 sisters after 1630. From 1662 to 1665 the monastery church was restored and the choir equipped with new vaults and glass paintings. In 1692 the parish fair was postponed due to construction work.

New construction of the monastery

The monastery around 1830

Under the abbess Agens von der Leyen, elected in 1688, and her subsequent abbess Elisabeth von Walbott-Bassenheim in 1731, work took place inside and on the outside of the monastery. In 1695, beautification work was carried out inside the monastery church and in 1710 further construction work was carried out on the monastery church. In 1725 the monastery gate was renewed and the dormitory restored. A year later in 1726 pewter candlesticks were made for the church. The monastery garden and a fountain were newly laid out in 1733 and cloister arcades were closed in 1736. In addition, in 1736 a stone floor and a ceiling with a wooden fillet and figures were laid, the chapter house was rebuilt and a new staircase was built.

Marienberg Monastery between 1834 and 1865
Marienberg Abbey around 1890

On the night of March 10, 1738, the monastery buildings were destroyed in a fire except for parts of the cloister, from which the coat of arms windows from 1720/1721 presumably come. The destruction of the church was less severe. She lost the roof and the tower with the clock and bells. After the fire, the nuns were housed in the Zum Rebstock house, which was located on the market square and belonged to the monastery, or with their families. On April 23, the foundation stone for the new construction of the monastery was laid. Thomas Neurohr , who later also built the Boppard town hall , was in charge of the building . The monastery was rebuilt from scratch in the baroque style. On October 4th of the same year the nuns were able to return to the monastery. However, they initially lived there in makeshift cells. On January 25, 1739, the monastery church had five new bells, which were made by Johann Jacob Speck from Kirrweiler , and in the same year the shell of the monastery was completed, so that in 1740 construction began on the south wing. These were completed just like those at the winery in 1742. In order to finance the new construction of the monastery, the abbess, who had taken over 4,000 thalers in debts from her predecessor, had to take on further debts of 12,000 thalers, even though she had sold many of the monastery's treasures. The abbess apartment was completed in 1744, but the abbess Elisabeth von Walbott-Bassenheim died on December 9th before she could move into it.

Even after the death of Elisabeth von Walbott-Bassenheim the construction of the monastery continued, so in 1752 the church vault was anchored and the church was whitened, in 1753 the work on the "upper structure" was completed and in 1756 the Stumm brothers repaired the organ. The so-called winter hall was built with two rooms in 1759 and the wall facing the courtyard was renewed in 1763. In the years 1768 to 1769 the cattle house - a half-timbered building - was demolished and also rebuilt by Thomas Neurohr.

Dissolution of the monastery and establishment of a cold water facility

Marienberg Monastery between 1890 and 1900; at that time it was a cold water spa.
Gravestone of Heinrich Beyer v. Boppard († 1376) and Lisa v. Lösnich († 1399), upper part

In 1794 the monastery was occupied by the French army and the then abbess Freifrau Auguste von Mauderode fled with the entire convent to an estate of Baron von Fries near Frankfurt. The monastery now served as accommodation for generals and officers, and later as barracks. During the secularization , the French government, represented by the mayor of Boppard, Joseph Foelix, legally closed the Marienberg monastery on July 25, 1802 and the other Boppard monasteries in the following ten days.

The Marienberg monastery, including the park, was sold to Theodor Doll for 14,000 francs at a public auction in Koblenz in 1802 after it was dissolved. He sold the organ of the monastery church, which was then installed in the Carmelite Church of Boppard , had the church of Marienberg demolished and set up a cotton mill in the former monastery building. Business with the spinning mill was not so good, so it was given up again in 1822. Theodor Doll's daughters founded a Christian educational institution in the former monastery in 1825 - a boarding school for girls. Due to the economic failure (the school had only 40 pupils at its peak), it was closed again after almost ten years of existence and the death of the daughters. Christian Brentano , who used to work there, became the owner of the former monastery for a short time.

The doctor Dr. Joseph A. Schmitz (1802–1847), a student of Vincenz Prießnitz , acquired Marienberg in 1838, which was meanwhile in a very poor condition, for 18,000 thalers. Schmitz had the partly uninhabitable building extensively renovated, mainly inside, and converted into a cold water spa facility. Due to the considerable investments, the total value of the monastery complex rose to around 100,000 thalers within 10 years. In addition, he had the Orgelborn, a small mountain stream in Marienberger Park, recast and led into cast iron pipes, which resulted in a lawsuit with the city. The rest of the park was also renewed. Despite the success of the hydrotherapy institute, Schmitz left the institute in 1845 and moved to Heidelberg with his family . Persistent anger with the city administration and its administrators had led him to take this step. He handed over medical management to Dr. Eduard Hallmann (1813–1855) and the management and supervision of the renovation work he entrusted to Mr. J. J. Delafourgue. After that, on May 1, 1851, Mr. Kampmann, the husband of the daughter of the late Mr. Schmitz, took over the management and Dr. Ludwig Diemer (d. 1876) took over the medical management. Diemer left the sanatorium in 1854 and went to Aachen as a bath and fountain doctor. At that time Marienberg had 150 rooms, including four halls. In 1860, due to an ultimately fatal illness of Mr. Kampmann, the private company was converted into a stock corporation, the "Kurhaus AG", in order to be able to continue the business. Mr. Kneip (formerly mayor of Mayen ) took over the management . Until 1860, the medical management was initially transferred to co-partner Dr. Sack by Dr. Rudolf Krimer / Kriemer (born 1826) took over the position as a doctor in charge until 1864. After various other doctors (Ortwin Naegele, Johann Justus Steinhausen, Rudolf Burkart) took over in 1883 Dr. Carl Eugen Hoestermann (1847–1928), later secret medical councilor, was the medical director and led the institute, which has meanwhile been converted from a cold water spa into a modern hydropathic facility, with great success into the next century.

In the spring of 1914, stone-carved grave monuments from the 14th century were broken out of the former monastery and sold to the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum in Berlin. These were the grave monuments of Heinrich Beyer † 1355, Henericus Beyer † 1376, Lisa von Pirmont † 1393, Conradus Beyer † 1421 and Merga von Parroye † 1375. The museum paid 12,000 marks for them.

20th century

From 1914 to 1917 the property of Marienberg Abbey served as a hospital. In 1918 the Ursuline Order acquired the Marienberg Monastery and ran a boarding school there. From 1940 to 1945 the area confiscated by the government and cleared by the Ursulines served as the Reich Finance School . During this time, the baroque bowl fountain in front of the main building was torn down, remnants of it have been preserved in the southern courtyard. In 1945 the buildings were destroyed by bombs, especially on the west wing.

In 1946, the building was returned to the Ursulines, who returned that same year and resumed the high school for girls on October 1, 1946 , which led to secondary school leaving school. A boarding school was attached to the school . After a new school building was built on the site of the monastery in 1969, boys could also be admitted to the school from 1971. In the 1980/81 school year, in which the highest number of pupils was reached, the Ursulines announced that they would give up sponsorship of the Realschule. The main reasons for this decision were the aging of the sisters and the impending renovation work in the monastery, which would have led to a considerable financial burden. The boarding school was then closed and the school was continued from August 1981 by the Trier diocese in the now additionally expanded new building east of the monastery. The monastery building and the park were sold by the Ursulines in the same year.

From 1981 to 1984 the property was used as an academy by the Maharishi organization “ Maharishi European Research University ” for a group of monks who lived in monks. On July 12, 1982 the monastery with its park was placed under monument protection as an outstanding cultural monument of high rank . In the period from 1984 to 1996, the owner and owner of the facility changed frequently; the building was empty. In 1995 the Freundeskreis Marienberg Boppard e. V. founded with the aim of preserving the property from decay and putting it to a new use. In 1996, a private individual bought the property, whereby the bid remained well below the established market value.

21st century

LichtHIMMEL installation over Marienberg Abbey
Marienberg Monastery 2014
Marienberg Monastery 2014
Marienberg Monastery 2014
Marienberg Monastery 2014
Marienberg Monastery 2014

In the years 2002 to 2006, the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis had measures taken on the upper floor of the monastery after the relevant monument protection regulations were issued. For this he demanded € 82,431.79 from the owner. This amount was reduced to € 65,000 following a settlement. In 2004 the city of Boppard declared the area of ​​the monastery complex to be a redevelopment area . After extensive care and maintenance measures, the 3.3 hectare monastery garden was opened to the public on January 1, 2007 as part of a usage contract.

On May 16, 2007, the owner applied for a permit under monument law to demolish the Marienberg monastery. The district refused. After an unsuccessful objection procedure, the owner brought an action. This was rejected in the first instance by the Koblenz Administrative Court in its judgment of October 9, 2008. According to the judges, the owner is not entitled to the necessary permit for the demolition of the Marienberg monastery. This claim only exists if the preservation of a monument is economically unreasonable for an owner, which he has to explain. The owner did not adequately comply with this. He had not submitted in a comprehensible manner that he had seriously tried to find a buyer and that an owner who was open to monument protection could not make sensible use of the property. In addition, the owner only referred to the dilapidated condition of the monastery, lack of rental income and a high renovation effort, without giving any further details. In addition, a weighing of mutual interests also shows that the rejection of the demolition permit applied for is reasonable. He had acquired the property in 1996, knowing its dilapidated condition and the need for extensive renovation, at a price that was well below the market value. Therefore, the owner consciously accepted the risk of not being able to use the land parcels in question in an economically profitable manner. However, anyone who enters such a danger with their eyesight cannot simply demand the demolition of a monument if weighty public concerns prevailed. This is the case here, since the Marienberg Monastery cultural monument is a complex of great cultural and historical importance. The building complex is one of the largest preserved baroque monastery complexes in Germany, so that there is an increased public interest in the preservation of this unique building stock. The second instance, the Higher Administrative Court in Koblenz , did not judge in December 2009 in accordance with the plaintiff. The reasoning was similar to that in the lower court.

Between 2007 and 2009, the district administration had to carry out security measures on the roof of the former monastery. These cost around 45,000 € and were partly borne by the state monument preservation. From October 2nd to 4th, 2009 the light artist Ingo Bracke once again put the monastery in the focus of attention with a light installation lichtHIMMEL. In the following year, the owner turned to the Federal Administrative Court to enforce the right to appeal against the judgment of the Higher Administrative Court. The judges dismissed this complaint in 2011 for formal reasons.

At the end of April 2011, the city of Boppard acquired Marienberger Park, which had been open to the public since 2007. In 2012, security measures were initiated to save the endangered gatehouse in the abbess wing. This measure cost around € 200,000, which is funded with € 100,000 from the federal government's special monument protection program. The rest of the costs were borne by the country.

On June 16, 2012, the then owner had the monastery auctioned at a property auction. The minimum bid was € 10,000, but the investment required was over € 20 million. Nevertheless, there were several interested parties and an investor from Bonn bought it for € 72,000. A few months later it became known that the city of Boppard, unknowingly by its own account, had become the owner of an inhabited annex building of the monastery that was not entered in the land registry when purchasing Marienberger Park in 2011.

On March 23, 2013, on behalf of the owner, the architect Jürgen von Kietzell, who also designed the plans for the modernization of the listed Carmelite monastery in the Bonn district of Pützchen , presented the Boppard building committee with the concept for the renovation and future use of the monastery. After the renovation, 65 apartments were to be built there. A further 14 apartments were also planned in the monastery park adjacent to the monastery or its former utility building. The economic building was to be converted into a museum for contemporary art and an underground car park was to be set up under the area between the monastery building and the economic building.

At the beginning of 2018 it became known that the monastery complex had been resold again. The architect Ohnewein from Austria began to promote the renovation and construction of condominiums on the basis of the building permit that had been in place since 2013. Safety measures and preliminary investigations have been carried out since the end of 2018. (As of July 2018)

Description of the building complex

Structural structure

The baroque monastery complex consists of four wings that enclose a square courtyard. On the north side, the only remnant of the monastery church is the tower that was formerly next to the choir. To the east of it the front jumps back and the building continues in the seven-axis , three-storey abbess wing. The priory building adjoins this at right angles to the north. Due to the hillside location, the east wing has only two floors at the same height as the abbess wing and the priory building. The west wing, on the other hand, has three floors on a high plinth, in which there is a windowless basement.

Interior

From the central portal of the abbess wing, a three-flight, stone staircase with a stone dock railing around an originally presumably open core leads to the entrance hall on the first floor.

A second staircase is located in the priory building and leads from the ground floor to the second floor. This two-flight staircase with a partition has ascending groin vaults . At the end of a staircase in a hallway there are belt arches on pilasters. A third staircase is in the southeast corner of the cloister . It connects the two upper floors and is also equipped with groin vaults. At the top exit of the stairs there is a wrought iron grille in an arched field . The upstairs corridor has a simple stucco ceiling.

The cloister leads around the inner courtyard and, like the inner courtyard, forms a slightly warped square . In the east wing there is a two-storey risalit protruding into the courtyard . In this there is a round arched gate with Tuscan pilasters . In the south-eastern part of the cloister there are three groin-vaulted yokes that lead to the staircase mentioned above. In the west wing there is an arcade position made up of three segment arches on Tuscan double columns. Slabs of red and gray stone were laid diagonally on the floor. There are simple mirror vaults in all wings .

In the southeast corner of the monastery building there was a kitchen with a four-part cross vault on a central support in the shape of an upturned medieval column, i.e. the Attic base above and the chalice capital below . In the west wall of the former kitchen there is a walled up segment arch on columns with a late Gothic base. This is one of the few remains of the medieval monastery.

The chapter house was on the second floor in the northeastern part of the building. It was subsequently expanded and converted into a chapel. During renovations in 1959, the stucco mirrored ceiling with bandwork decoration and the altar from the 18th century disappeared . A confessional from around 1770/1780 was available from the chapel furnishings in 1980 . This is made of wood and has a pilaster decoration and keel arches . In 1920 it was acquired from Kamp and subsequently expanded.

Hierarchy in the monastery

Until the introduction of the Bursfeld reform, the monastery was led by a master who was subordinate to the abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of St. Matthias in Trier . After the death or resignation of a master, the successor was elected by the convent in the presence of the father abbot. The master took the place of honor in the convent and represented the monastery externally. In addition to the master (or later abbess), the prioress had the most important office in the convent. She represented Master in case of illness and supported her in the administration. She was appointed by Master and was only allowed to work in accordance with her. Her area of ​​responsibility was more in the spiritual area. After the Bursfeld reform was introduced, Master Isingrad von Greiffenclau and her successors were given the title of abbess by the Archbishop of Trier.

Masters

Among the female masters, whose names are initially only known sporadically, there is a high number of women from the Boppard city nobility. (These are marked with *.)

Abbesses

Since the Bursfeld reform, the Marienberg masters have held the title of abbess. They are listed by name in the following table.

  • Clara von Waldeck
  • Hepmud von Greiffenclau
  • Adelheid von Koppenstein
  • Mechthild from Westerburg
  • Helena von Salberg (1304)
  • Sophia von Boppard * (before 1315)
  • Sophia Beyer von Boppard *
  • Irmgrad von Leyen (1338–1342)
  • Irmingard of Ovirsburg * (1342)
  • Helena von Dalburg, probably identical to Guda von Dalberg
  • Anne of Hoeneck (1360)
  • Gutta of St. Goar (1363-1376)
  • Gertrud von Ovirsburg * (1377–1385)
  • Barbara Countess Palatine near Rhine (1385–1398)
  • Mechthild Kolb I * (1398–1399)
  • Mechthild Kolb II. Von Boppard * (1420–1432)
  • Isingrad von Greiffenclau (1432–1467)
  • Kunigunde, née Beyer von Boppard , widowed chamberlain of Worms (1467–1476)
  • Christina von Greiffenclau (1476–1484)
  • Margarethe Wild- and Rhine Countess (1484–1514)
  • Caecilia of Ingelheim (1517–1518)
  • Apollonia von Dalberg (1518–1524)
  • Maria von Sonnenberg (1524–1546)
  • Barbara von Leiningen (1546–1576), daughter of Count Reinhard I von Leiningen-Westerburg , sister of the well-known Countess Eva von Neuleiningen .
  • Johanna von Pfalz-Simmern (1576–1580)
  • Katharina Wolf von Sponheim (1580–1581)
  • Amelia Zandt von Merl (1581–1624)
  • Maria Margarethe Zandt von Merl (1624–1654)
  • Eva Margarethe von Greiffenklau (1655–1688)
  • Maria Agnes von der Leyen (August 20, 1688 - October 21, 1731)
  • Maria Elisabetha von Waltbott zu Bassenheim (November 21, 1731 - December 9, 1744)
  • Maria Sybilla von Esleben (1744 - December 9, 1755)
  • Maria Philippina von Lobenthal (December 30, 1755 - August 31, 1780)
  • Augusta von Manderode (September 18, 1780–1794)

Marienberger Park

Marienberger Park
Marienberger Park based on a drawing by N. Schlad

In 1839 a landscape garden in the English style was laid out in the former monastery garden. The very narrow, approximately two-hectare park extends southeast of the monastery and follows the topographical conditions of the aisle there. A natural mountain stream, the Orgelborn, flows through it. The Orgelborn was dammed into a pond in the southern part of the park. A winding path typical of English gardens, which is also a circular path, leads over small bridges that have been preserved along the Orgelborn. The park can be called an arboretum due to its high biodiversity, particularly native trees . For example, sycamore , hornbeam , ash and robinia form striking groups of trees, but they also allow views of the Rhine Valley. In addition, there are natural stone walls in the park , which show wall and crevice vegetation that has grown over time.

In 2007, after extensive conservation measures, the park was reopened to the public and since 2011 the city of Boppard has owned the Marienberger Park, which is now part of the route of the World Heritage Gardens .

On February 10, 2014 and the following days, six spruce trees, two Douglas firs , one oak, one red oak and one Norway maple had to be felled. The three deciduous trees had core rot , while the conifers suffered from severe bark beetle infestation. That is why the lower monument protection authority issued a monument protection permit for the felling of the diseased large trees.

Monument protection

Since July 12, 1982 the Marienberg Monastery, together with the Viehhaus and the Marienberger Park, has been protected as a registered cultural monument within the meaning of the Monument Protection and Care Act (DSchG) of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate. The monument protection was confirmed by the court. In addition, the former monastery has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 .

Tradition of the organ born fair

On the third weekend after Whitsun, the Orgelbornkirmes is celebrated in Boppard by the Märkt neighborhood. The most important day of the fair is Monday, on this day there is a parade from the market square to Marienberger Park, where the actual fair is celebrated. Like the other traditional Boppard neighborhood fair, the Orgelborn fair has its origins in the late Middle Ages. Today it is assumed that it was celebrated for the first time in 1420 and has been celebrated annually since then, with a few exceptions such as in times of war. If the neighborhood had canceled the fair in a year or not celebrated in the monastery park, the right granted by the monastery to celebrate the fair in the monastery garden would have expired. The pressure seems to have been so strong that the legend arose that during the Boppard war in 1497, during which time the fair took place, the Boppard people asked for a day of armistice to celebrate the fair. This is said to have been granted to them and they celebrated together with their enemies who had their base in the monastery.

Today's Märkter neighborhood has grown together from the two neighborhoods of Unter- and Obermärkter. The Orgelbornkirmes was probably celebrated by the Obermarkt neighborhood. They had a special relationship with Marienberg Monastery. Because the monastery was the owner of the house "Zum Rebstock". This is still located directly south of the old town hall and was part of the Obermarkt neighborhood.

On the evening of Monday, the historic ceremony of storming the Eisenstein Fortress is performed. After that, the fair will continue to be celebrated in the park today. In the past, the pageant went to the monastery and made music there, for which there were three liters of beer, three liters of wine, one white bread and one black bread. Even when Marienberg was a cold water sanatorium in the 19th century, this tradition of making music was maintained in the former monastery.

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Hubertus Averbeck: From cold water therapy to physical therapy. Reflections on people and at the time of the most important developments in the 19th century . European University Press, Bremen 2012; here: Marienberg cold water sanatorium in Boppard on the Rhine ; Pp. 387-397; Cold water sanatorium Mühlbad in Boppard on the Rhine ; Pp. 397-399; ISBN 978-3-86741-782-2
  • Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the chamberlain from Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN.
  • CE Hoestermann: To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Marienberg water sanatorium in Boppard am Rhein , Boppard 1889 digitized
  • CE Hoestermann: Marienberg then and now , Boppard 1903 digitized
  • Franz-Josef Heyen : Reports of the waiters of the Marienberg Abbey near Boppard on the oddities and domestic incidents of the years 1724–1782 , Boppard, 1964
  • Willi Nickenig : Monasteries and religious orders in Boppard , Boppard 2015.

Web links

Commons : Marienberg Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Website of the Maria Himmelskron Monastery

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dirk Jasper: Marienberg Monastery: Old Benedictine monastery. (No longer available online.) Mehr-Hunsrück, archived from the original on June 26, 2011 ; Retrieved May 27, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mehr-hunsrueck.de
  2. ^ A b State Office for Monument Preservation (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 276 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Monasteries and religious orders in Boppard, accessed on April 10, 2018
  4. ^ A b c d e State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 272-274 .
  5. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 274-276 .
  6. ↑ NDB entry
  7. ↑ Immo Eberl: life in monasteries . In: Irene Crusius (Ed.): Studies on the Kanonissenstift . Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-35326-X , p. 310 .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Otto Volk: Boppard in the Middle Ages . In: Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine . First volume: From the early days to the end of the electoral rule . Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-04-4 , p. 338-348 .
  9. ^ Virgil Redlich: Johann Rode of St. Mathias near Trier. A German Reform Abbot of the 15th century (=  contributions to the history of ancient monasticism and the Benedictine order . Issue 11).
  10. ↑ CE Hoestermann: Marienberg then and now . 1903, p. 21 ( dilibri.de ).
  11. ↑ All about Boppard Journal No. 130: "This is how they were deprived of their sacred freedom ... - The urban siege in the Bopparder Kirieg of 1497", author: Jürgen Johann
  12. ↑ Genealogical information, unless otherwise noted, according to: Detlev Schwennicke: Europäische Stammtafeln. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plate 53ff.
  13. ↑ Bollinger, p. 36.
  14. ↑ Bollinger, p. 38.
  15. ↑ Bollinger, p. 38.
  16. ↑ CE Hoestermann: Marienberg then and now . 1903, p. 22-23 ( dilibri.de ).
  17. ↑ CE Hoestermann: Marienberg then and now . 1903, p. 23-24 ( dilibri.de ).
  18. ↑ a b C. E. Hoestermann: Marienberg then and now . 1903, p. 25-26 ( dilibri.de ).
  19. ↑ Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine . Second volume. Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-03-6 , p. 42 .
  20. ^ Christian Binz: Organs in Boppard: Boppard - former Carmelite Church. Retrieved November 29, 2012 .
  21. ↑ History Association for the Middle Rhine and Vorderhunsrück e. V. (Hrsg.): The old Boppard - in pictures by Nikolaus Schlad and texts by Wilhelm Schlad . Rhenania-Verlag, Koblenz 1983, ISBN 3-922755-14-3 , p. 46-49 .
  22. ↑ History Association for Middle Rhine and Vorderhunsrück (Ed.): From the old Boppard - A continuous chronicle for the years 1855 to 1876 by Wilhelm Schlad . Rhedruck, Boppard 1989.
  23. ↑ Michael Koelges: From the ancient collection to the district museum . In: Local history working group of the traffic and beautification association Boppard (Hrsg.): Around Boppard Journal . No. 59 . Boppard ( museum-boppard.de [accessed December 15, 2012]). museum-boppard.de ( Memento of the original dated November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museum-boppard.de
  24. ^ Ferdinand Benner, Heinz E. Missling: Schools and adult education centers . In: Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine . Third volume. Dausner Verlag, Boppard 2001, ISBN 3-930051-02-8 , pp. 337-338 .
  25. ^ Website of the city of Boppard: invitation to city council meeting May 10, 2010 (PDF).
  26. ↑ a b c d e rhein-zeitung.de: Marienberg Monastery: Renovation costs a lot of money. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
  27. ↑ a b boppard.de: town of Boppard is owner of Marie Berger Park. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
  28. ^ Rhein-Zeitung of December 3, 2009 with local section: Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
  29. ^ Rhein-Zeitung of January 28, 2011: Marienberg Monastery: demolition remains prohibited ; Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  30. ↑ www.wdga-ag.de: Catalog of the 16th auction of Wdga AG . Accessed on June 16, 2012.
  31. ^ Ralf Hübner: Marienberg petition in the city council . In: All about Boppard . September 14, 2012, p. 5 .
  32. ^ Walter Bersch : Living and Art Museum in Marienberg Monastery. April 26, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2013 .
  33. ↑ 68 apartments are being built in Marienberg Abbey. Rhein-Zeitung , April 26, 2013, accessed on April 29, 2013 .
  34. ↑ www.rhein-zeitung.de: New hope for the ailing monastery? Austrian wants to renovate Marienberg , accessed on February 6, 2018.
  35. ↑ Start of construction in the former Marienberg monastery. Retrieved December 25, 2019 .
  36. ↑ Conversion of the Marienberg monastery is progressing. Retrieved December 25, 2019 .
  37. ^ A b State Office for Monument Preservation (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 278 .
  38. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 278-279 .
  39. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 279 .
  40. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . tape 8 : The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district. Part 2. Former county St. Goar, the first town of Boppard I . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-422-00567-6 , p. 279-282 .
  41. ^ Ferdinand Pauly : The Marienberg Abbey . In: Alexander Stollenwerk (ed.): Boppard am Rhein - A home book . Harald Boldt Verlag, Boppard 1968, p. 88 .
  42. ^ A b c d e M. Ansgara Rupp: Contributions to the history of the Marienberg monastery (Boppard) . Dr. Keil's Buchhandlung, Boppard 1965, p. 24 .
  43. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plates 53.
  44. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plate 55.
  45. ^ A b c d e Franz-Josef-Heyen: Reports of the waiters of the Marienberg Abbey near Boppard about the oddities and domestic incidents of the years 1724–1782 . Keil, Boppard 1964.
  46. ↑ Ralf Hübner: felled large trees in Marienberger Park . In: All about Boppard . February 14, 2014, p. 5 .
  47. ^ District administration Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis: Statutory ordinances on the protection of monument zones in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis. (PDF; 49 kB); Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  48. ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Rhein-Hunsrück district. Mainz 2019, p. 12 (PDF; 1.7 MB).
  49. ↑ a b c Franz Maier: Boppard in the early modern times . In: Heinz E. Missling (Ed.): Boppard. History of a city on the Middle Rhine . First volume: From the early days to the end of the electoral rule. . Dausner Verlag, Boppard 1997, ISBN 3-930051-04-4 , p. 445-448 .
  50. ↑ Jürgen Johann: 1420–1920 500 years of the Orgelborn Fair (=  VVV-Journal; contributions to the history of the city of Boppard . No. 25 ). June 19, 2009.
  51. ^ A b Carl Donsbach: City: Chronicle Boppard (1895) . Ed .: Jürgen Johann, Klaus-Peter Neumann. Boppard 2003, p. 35-37 .
  52. ↑ Rhein-Hunsrück-Anzeiger June 13, 2012 (No. 24)

Coordinates: 50 ° 13 ′ 45 ″  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 45 ″  E