Paraná

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Paraná (disambiguation) .

Estado do Paraná Paraná
Paraná
Coordinates	25 °  S , 52 °  W Coordinates: 25 °  S , 52 °  W
Location of the state of Paraná in Brazil
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	1889 (as a state, 1853–1889 province of Paraná)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Paraná
Capital	Curitiba
Região intermediária	6 (since 2017)
Região imediata	29 (since 2017)
structure	399 municipalities
Waters	Rio Paraná
climate	subtropical, Cfa, Cfb and Cwa
surface	199,307.9 km²
Residents	10,444,526 (2010, last census )
density	52.4  Ew. / km²
estimate	11,433,957 Ew. (July 1, 2019)
Time zone	UTC −3
Website	www.pr.gov.br (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
governor	Ratinho Júnior ( PSD ) - since January 1, 2019 Deputy Governor: Darci Piana ( PSD ) Senators: 3 MPs: 30 State MPs : 54
economy
GDP	348100000000 R $ 31,411  R $ per capita (2014)
HDI	0.749 (high) (2010)

The state of Paraná (short PR ; officially Portuguese Estado do Paraná ) is located in the south of Brazil . It is divided into six main regions with 399 Munizipe (municipalities).

geography

The area is around 199,308 km², the population was estimated on July 1, 2019 at 11,433,957 inhabitants. The population density in 2010 was around 52 people per square kilometer.

The state borders Argentina and Paraguay to the west . Paraná is bounded in the east by the Atlantic Ocean , in the north by the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo , in the south by the state of Santa Catarina . It is named after the Paraná river , which forms its western border.

The capital is Curitiba . It has given itself the nickname "Capital of Ecology" and is well known a. a. through an exemplary public transport system.

Other cities in Paraná are u. a. Londrina , Maringá , Ponta Grossa , Cascavel , and Foz do Iguaçu . The famous Iguaçu waterfalls are also on the territory of this state.

History and culture

Facsimile: "Lei Imperial nº 704 de 26 de agosto de 1853", which brought about the autonomy of Paraná.

As early as 1811, the former Comarca de Coritiba had been striving for autonomy , parliamentary debates took place from 1843, but it took another 10 years until the former 5th Comarca was spun off as the Province of Paraná from the Province of São Paulo by Decree No. 704 of August 26, 1853 and formed the basis of the territory of what is now the state.

In the 19th century, numerous immigrants from Italy, Poland , Germany, Russia and the Ukraine settled in the comarca and the province , who first settled in the coastal areas and then pushed further into the hinterland.

Indigenous myths are not passed down; they were adapted from other regions. Afro-Brazilian influences are only slight.

politics

See also : List of Governors of Paraná

In the gubernatorial elections in Brazil in 2018 for the executive was Ratinho Júnior of PSD elected for a term of office from 2019 to 2023 for the 57th governor.

The legislature is exercised by 54 elected representatives in the Legislative Assembly of Paraná . The state sends 30 federal representatives to the Chamber of Deputies and three federal senators to the federal senate of the national congress .

Cities

→ Main article : List of parishes in Paraná

The ten most populous cities of the 399 municípios Paranás are according to the 2010 census of the IBGE with estimates of the population as of July 1, 2018:

 Map with all coordinates of the cities section : OSM

#	Munizip	Municipality code	Population census 2010	2018 estimate
01	Curitiba	4106902	1,751,907	1,917,185 ▲
02	Londrina	4113700	506.701	563,943 ▲
03	Maringá	4115200	357.077	417.010 ▲
04th	Ponta Grossa	4119905	311,611	348.043 ▲
05	Cascavel	4104808	286.205	324,476 ▲
06th	São José dos Pinhais	4125506	264.210	317,476 ▲
07th	Foz do Iguaçu	4108304	256.088	258,823 ▲
08th	Colombo	4105805	212,967	240,840 ▲
09	Guarapuava	4109401	167,328	180,334 ▲
10	Paranaguá	4118204	140,469	153,666 ▲

Population development from 1872

Source: IBGE (figure for 2019 is only an estimate).

Population density

Population density in Paraná.

0-25 inhabitants / km² 25-50 inhabitants / km² 50-100 inhabitants / km² 100-150 inhabitants / km² 150-200 inhabitants / km²

200-300 inhabitants / km² 300-400 inhabitants / km² 400-500 inhabitants / km² > 500 inhabitants / km²

Ethnic groups

Whites make up about 79% of the population. The white population came to Paraná mostly from European countries as immigrants at the beginning of the 19th century, mostly from Portugal , Poland , Italy , Germany and Ukraine . At the beginning of the 20th century, immigrants from Japan , Lebanon and Syria followed .

Economy and Agriculture

In Paraná u. a. numerous automobile manufacturers built production plants.

With the so-called Terras Roxas, the state has very fertile soils , is Brazil's most important agricultural producer and supplies corn, cotton, wheat, soy, rice, peanuts and beans. Pig and poultry farming are also represented in Paraná , as in the two southern neighboring states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul .

Picture gallery

• 

  Pinheiros ("Brazilian pine") - the u. a. Araucaria that forms forest in Paraná

• 

  Botanical garden in Curitiba

• 

  Waterfalls at Iguaçu

• 

  View from Caratuva to Pico Paraná (July 2006)

• 

  Oscar Niemeyer Museum

• 

  Second largest hydropower plant in the world near Itaipu

• 

  Bizarre formation in the rocky landscape of Vila Velha

• 

  Dutch construction at Carambeí, Paraná

• 

  Rede Integrada de Transporte bus stop in Curitiba

• 

  The Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), founded in 1912, is the oldest university in Brazil

• 

  Praia do Brejatuba in Guaratuba

Web links

Commons : Paraná (State)  - collection of images, videos, and audio files

Wikivoyage: Paraná (State)  - Travel Guide

• Governo do Paraná (Portuguese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ IBGE : Paraná - Panorama .
2. ↑ ^{a b c} IBGE : Municípios de Paraná . Retrieved September 4, 2019.
3. ↑ Herbert Toledo Martins: Formação e fragmentação do Estado Nacional Brasileiro no período imperial: a criação since província do Paraná . In: Acta Scientiarum. Human and Social Sciences . tape 30 , 2008, p. 9-16 (Brazilian Portuguese, uem.br [accessed August 11, 2018]).
4. ↑ Luiz Fernando Tomasi Keepen: A emancipação política do Paraná . In: Gazeta do Povo . December 20, 2008 (Brazilian Portuguese, archive.org [accessed August 11, 2018]).
5. ↑ IBGE Censo 2010 - Tabela 1.4 - População nos Censos Demográficos, segundo as Grandes Regiões e as Unidades da Federação - 1872/2010. In: censo2010.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed September 3, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).