Kleinhain parish church
The parish church of Kleinhain is the Roman Catholic Church and is dedicated to the " Immaculata " - the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Mother Mary ( patronage December 8th). The parish Hain is incorporated into the Herzogenburg Abbey and belongs to the Göttweig deanery , diocese of St. Pölten . Besides the parish church of Obritzberg, it is the second parish church in the market town of Obritzberg-Rust . The parish church is a listed building ( list entry ).
history
Early history
The village of Hain, located on the Roman road that led from St. Pölten ( Cetium ) to Mautern ( Faviana ), probably already existed in Roman times, but there is no evidence of this. The place name Hain is interpreted as a settlement of the Avars called by the contemporaries Huns or Heunen , which immediately after the fall of Tassilos III. advanced to the Enns by Charlemagne in 788 . On July 5, 1014, Emperor Heinrich II enabled the establishment of the Herzogenburg parish through gifts of property . This parish comprised a large pastoral care area, which also included Hain.
The oldest written mention of the place Hain happens around 1186.
Around 1250 the church of Heun belonged to the Passau bishopric . The church fief was owned by the sons of Sigfrid von Zekkinge, today's Zagging.
The first building of the chapel was probably completed around 1350, on September 29, 1359, Adolf Becklein established a foundation for the Marienkapelle in Hain for four holy masses, in 1367 an eternal light by Rudolf Herr zu Losenstein and zu Zagging .
The chapel's income was soon enough to provide for a priest. The owner of Zagging had the right to present it. The first priest known by name was Otto and was a pleban (people priest) von Hain (around 1370).
In 1429 the chapel in Heun appears as a fiefdom of the Pebringers, of which a tombstone has been preserved (early 15th century). In 1431 Brigitta donated a holy mass at the will of her late husband Bernhard von Pebran. The church in Hain experienced a great boom in the 15th century, when three clergymen were in Hain at times. The brothers Jakob and Christoph Grabner zu Rosenburg bought the Austrian fiefs at Zäckhing from Leopold von Neydögg von Rana (also Ranna, Renna) in 1491 . Christoph Grabner was buried in the church of Hain (around 1517).
Time of the split in faith
Sebastian I. Grabner Roseburg , son of Christopher, came as a councilor of the equestrian order twice with the Lutheran doctrine on the Diet of Augsburg in touch. As early as 1534, despite the sovereign's prohibition, he held a Lutheran preacher at his castle in Zagging, from where Protestantism quickly spread to the surrounding aristocratic castles. As a result, the Hain Chapel lost much of its income.
Protestantism also spread more and more within the Catholic Church , so that for a time all Catholic priests also married. Hain became a center of this movement. In the election of the provost on May 6, 1550 in Herzogenburg, a married beneficiate von Hain was cited as a witness (Augustinian canon).
In 1559 Georg (Jörg) Grabner zu Rosenburg established a benefit for two clergymen who were devoted to the Reformation.
Soon afterwards a Protestant preacher of his own was appointed in Hain (Ulrich Gießer), whereby Hain was withdrawn from the Herzogenburg parish and the Catholic faith. Through the marriage of Elisabeth, the granddaughter of Sebastian Grabner zu Rosenburg, Baron Helmhart Jörger von Tollet acquired Zagging, who were staunch supporters of the new Protestant church. As patrons of the church in Hain, they rebelled against the emperor and the church.
The Counter Reformation in Hain
Since the Council of Trent (1545–1563) the Catholic Church began to renew itself, which also had a significant influence on Hain. Hans Helmreich Jörger auf Zacking was the one who was least able to find his way into the new situation of the Counter Reformation , because on February 14, 1622 Provost Martin von Herzogenburg asked for the parish of Hain to be returned and the Lutheran preacher to be abolished .
This was followed by years of bitter legal dispute through his refusal, which took on bizarre proportions with the crucifixion of "des Maiers" (1636).
The dispute was finally over in 1647, but the meanwhile Catholic Johann Quintin Jörger ( privy councilor and governor under Leopold I ) started the dispute again after 10 years, the final settlement did not take place until 1661. Because of the earlier foundations, the Herzogenburg Abbey was compared in 1687 with the count and undertook to read 81 holy masses annually in the church in Hain and in the castle in Zagging.
The second Turkish siege also fell during this time, which brought great disaster to the area , but Zagging Castle was never taken. In 1713 provost Wilhelm transformed the former rectory in Großhain into a meierhof and sold it.
Foundation of the parish Hain
On November 1, 1783, as part of the church reform by Emperor Joseph II, the church in Hain was elevated to a parish church and incorporated into the Herzogenburg monastery. Since the parish Hain would otherwise have been lost to the monastery, the Herzogenburg monastery was obliged to build a parsonage at its own expense, which was carried out in 1784 by the master builder Josef List in classical style .
The parish Hain has old parish registers beginning in the middle of the 16th century; the death and marriage book begins with the year 1628, the baptism book with 1634.
From French times to World War II
In 1805 and 1809 the French raged in the parish, among other things they set fire to the rectory and many other houses.
In 1822 the Way of the Cross with 14 pictures was purchased, and in 1827 a complete interior renovation was carried out. Norbert Zach (pastor in Hain since 1848) was ordained provost in 1857.
The onion dome of the parish church was demolished in the summer of 1890 because it was dilapidated and replaced by an emergency roof; today's pyramid-shaped tower roof followed in 1896. This year the renovation was completed with the gilding of the altars and pulpit .
The war memorial erected in 1920 commemorates the fallen of the First World War . In 1922 the wooden Russian Orthodox chapel was transferred from the Spratzern prison camp to Zagging and consecrated. The tower clock was purchased in 1931. In 1942 the 3 larger bells had to be delivered for war purposes - these were not added again until 1949.
On April 16, 1945, the Red Army came to Kleinhain early in the morning . These were so raging that many people were forced to move away, at least during the initial period of the Russian occupation - the worst atrocities are reported orally.
The last few decades
- In 1956 the organ was thoroughly repaired and electrified.
- 1966–1967 a major renovation of the church took place (church roof, electrical systems, high altar)
- 1968 Renovation of the double-sided Madonna with subsequent exhibition in Vorarlberg, electric church heating put into operation
- 1972 renovation of the wooden parts of the high altar and 1973 of the organ
- In 1974 8 large oil paintings - depicting the 4 Evangelists and the 4 great Latin Doctors of the Church, were hung up again in the church after a thorough restoration.
- 1979 Completion of the funeral hall with cooling system (property of the municipality)
- 1981 New roof covering of the church
- 1983 The renovation is completed with the 200th anniversary celebration
- 1988 purchase of the new organ
- 2004–2009 exterior renovation of the rectory
- 2007 Severe storm damage in the roof area of the church by storm "Kyrill"
- 2008 Parish confirmation by Pastor Prelate Karl Gindl († March 28, 2010)
- 2014 LED lighting installed on a trial basis for Advent is retained as church lighting (totaling 300 watts) - it is only switched on on Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday with the street lighting, switching off at 11 p.m.
- 2015 New roofing of the rectory farm wing, draining of the southern church wall - thereby partially changing the grave arrangement, restoration of the "double-sided Madonna" by the Federal Monuments Office
- 2019 New roofing of the eastern parsonage area and thermal insulation of the ceiling, Russian Orthodox commemoration of the dead in the village chapel Zagging (former prisoner of war camp chapel) on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Spratzern camp clearance.
Building description
The parish church "To the Immaculate Conception" - the "Immaculata" is a Gothic , three-aisled, cross-rib vaulted pillar basilica with a massive, 37 m high west tower and a somewhat younger two-bay choir . The nave and the tower were probably built around 1350 and the choir around 1400. The three choirs with 5/8 key dates from the second half of the 14th century . In 1896 the pyramid-shaped tower roof with a neo-Gothic pointed helmet was built in place of the earlier onion roof.
The movement was bought in 1931 and comes from the Thomas Fauner company in Saalfelden.
Bells
The first bells were delivered for war purposes in 1917 and the second in 1942.
Today Hain has the following four bells:
- the big bell has the inscription "Hain 1949. Beata Virgo Maria" (beautiful Virgin Mary). The coat of arms of Austria, Lower Austria, the Herzogenburg Abbey and Provost Georg Hahnl can be found on the suspension
- a second bell: "For the Fallen - Hain 1949" with the same four coats of arms (a hairline crack was found in 2011, it must not be rung until it is repaired).
- a third bell: "Beatus felix - Hain 1949" (beautiful happy grove) without coat of arms.
- A crucified person is depicted on the train bell (death bell), with the inscription No. 3405 D 1908 Max Samrasser in Wr in an oval. Neustadt "Ivo Solterer Parochus 1908".
inner space
The beautiful, uniform-looking interior has a 5-bay nave and a side aisle with ribbed vaults in the bound system. A two-bay main choir with relatively deep vaults and three figural keystones (they were painted over during the restoration in 1966) characterize this church.
Mention should also be pointed the barrel-vaulted west gallery with Maßwerkresten on the parapet .
Sanctuary
The baroque high altar is made of red marble (1713). The colorful high altar painting of “Immaculata” is a more mature work by Bartolomeo Altomonte Senior (signed: “Bartho. Altomonte se. 1773”): It shows a Madonna standing firmly on a bank of clouds.
On both sides of the high altar are the gilded figures of St. Joachim (left) and St. Anna (right), as well as sculptures of the Holy Spirit (dove) and the two gilded angels on the top . This high altar came to Hain because it was found to be too small for the originally planned location in the Herzogenburg collegiate church.
As a further decoration in the presbytery there is a figure of Our Lady on the left wall of the choir, opposite a figure of the Sacred Heart (both end of the 19th century).
There are four tombstones in the church:
- on the Gospel page the tombstone of Christoph Grabner
- on the epistle page of Sebastian I. Grabner zu Rosenburg
- on the back of the altar by Joachim Wisent
- the confessional of the grave stone of Georg (Jörg) Grabner Roseburg (since the renovation in 1983)
The ornamental glass painting windows date from 1906.
The side altars
The left side altarpiece dates from the first half of the 18th century - it shows St. Anne teaching Maria to read, with Joachim in the background . The right side altarpiece of St. Peter with an interesting depiction of the city of Rome. In front of this side altar is the crypt built by Quintin Jörger in 1682 , in which ten members of the family were once buried (later transferred to Vienna). The two side altars were renewed in 1853 after wood damage.
Nave
The late baroque pulpit, which was first attached to the first pillar, was removed and marbled in 1802, dates from the end of the 18th century. Then it was placed in the front left of the nave .
The small, Gothic, octagonal font made of red marble is located opposite the pulpit on the right in the front of the nave.
On the high walls of the nave there are four baroque oil paintings: on the left the depiction of the evangelists, opposite that of the Latin church fathers.
At the beginning of the 16th century a baroque crucifixion group that can be seen above the divider arch was probably created .
A Stations of the Cross with 14 images of the Stations of the Cross (bought in 1822) adorns this church.
organ
The old organ dates from 1905. It had 8 registers and came from the workshop of Franz Capek , Krems. Rebuilt in 1919 and restored in 1971 by G. Hradetzky von Krems, it was replaced in 1988 by a new organ from the organ building company Helmut Allgäuer, Grünbach a. Schneeberg, replaced.
It is a mechanical slide organ with a built-in console and 2 manuals. Case: marbled, baroque five-axis, forward and backward swinging prospectus, veil boards made of gilded tendrils.
Disposition
Main work: Principal: 8 ', reed flute: 8', octave: 4 ', pointed flute: 4', fifth: 3 ', mixture: 1 1/3' 4f.
Oberwerk: covered: 8 ', reed flute: 4', flute: 2 ', cornett: 2f (from g)
Pedal: Subbass: 16 ', Octavbass: 8'
Double-sided Madonna
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The double-sided carved Madonna and Child made of wood with completely the same front and back, a cult image reminiscent of the old pilgrimage , stands on a column in the rear nave. It was extensively restored in 1968, then exhibited in several Austrian cities and returned to its traditional location in the Kleinhain church in 1972.
The roots are indicated differently (according to expert reports):
- as a pre-Christian and pre-Roman (Celtic) fertility figure standing on a crescent moon or
- as Madonna
What is certain, however, is the great rarity of such a representation and the date of origin around 1520 (expertise of the BDA Vienna 2016: created by an important artist of his time from the area of today's Lower Austria)
This statue used to be in the front of the choir of the "Frauenkirche" and was walked around several times by the very numerous pilgrims. The pilgrimage to Hain ended in the time of Joseph II .
On June 23, 2015, the statue was picked up by the Federal Monuments Office for a further elaborate restoration and for more detailed research into its history; the repositioning took place on November 7, 2016 in the central nave.
Priest in grove
- around 1370 Otto
- around 1430 Lorenz von Waidhofen
- approx. 1430 Johannes (companion priest)
- before 1492 Wolfgang Grabsopph
- approx. 1492 Stephan Volkher (Valkhen)
- circa 1527 Paul FiexI
- approx. 1544 Simpert Schinnerl
- around 1557 Thomas Zatten
- around 1557 Sebastian Perger
- around 1566 Ulrich Gießer (Protestant)
- approx. 1575 Daniel Kauxdorf (Protestant)
- around 1630 Johann Harlander
- around 1630 Erasmus Zeller
- around 1634 Johann Nerdlinger
- around 1636 Johannes Obermayr
From 1783 to 1964 all pastors came from Herzogenburg Abbey; two of them were to provosts of the post ordered Bernard Kluwick and Norbert Zach.
Pastor in the parish of Hain
- Josef Leuthner 1783–1794
- Laurenz Justinian Kling 1794-1799
- Thaddäus Payer 1799-1801
- Frigdian Mies 1801-1806
- Paul already 1806-1813
- Anton Fank 1813-1817
- Heinrich Landsteiner 1817–1820
- Bernard Kluwick 1820-1826
- Ludwig Mangold 1826–1830
- Theodor Patruban 1830–1831 ( provisional )
- Wilhelm Bielsky January 3 to May 16, 1831 (provisional)
- Mathäus Mühlberger 1831–1834
- Wilhelm Bielsky 1834-1841
- Franz Piringer 1841–1848
- Norbert Zach 1848-1857
- Ludwig Kintscher 1857–1865
- Alois Heinz January 29 to April 19, 1865 (provisional)
- Johann Kolm 1865-1904
- Ambros Benierschke January 21 to April 23, 1904 (provisional)
- Ivo Solterer 1904–1911
- Ulrich Brauner 1911–1916
- Alois Hog 1916-1936
- Felix Ernst 1936–1958
- Michael Aigner 1958–1964
- GR Father Emil Müller ( White Father ) 1965–1984
- H. Hugo de Vlamink 1984-1991
- H. Thomas Höfer: September 1991 to September 1992
- Ambrosius Straka 1992-2000
- Prelate Karl Gindl 2000-2009
- H. Leopold Klenkhart since 2009
Parish life in Hain
The parish Hain is a comparatively small parish and has only about 650 members, but there is a lively parish life that is organized in numerous groups (as of March 2016):
- Acolytes : 29 boys and girls between the ages of 8 and 14 help organize the services . They testify to the celebration of the Eucharist as an essential celebration of the Catholic faith and experience in the "sacred game" of the liturgy their faith in community as a community with God and man. The altar boys' attire (white alb with a white cingulum ) is a reminder of the christening robe . Outside of church services, they get involved as carol singers and ratcheting in the cartages . On Pentecost Tuesday, they take part in the diocese's “altar server day”. In summer, the altar boys' camp is the highlight of the working year.
- Hain church choir : the founding of the church choir has not been handed down, but its existence has been secured since at least 1890
- Parish library Hain: around 1950 the former school library became the public library of the LFW Hain (rural training center), which, however, transferred this task to the parish in 1962 after moving to the rectory, which has been running this public library since then. Every Sunday enthusiastic (reading) books, but also audio books , DVDs and e-books can be borrowed from the dedicated library team. Every year a book exhibition with interesting new presentations is organized, the market town of Obritzberg-Rust and the state of Lower Austria support the library financially.
- Kath. Bildungswerk (KBW-Hain): organizes further education events in spiritual, but also in the direction of general knowledge.
- Parish Caritas
- Parish council : the current parish council was elected on March 19, 2017 for a period of 5 years and consists of 14 people, 10 women and 4 men, as well as the pastor (chair)
- Parish church council: this is responsible for the financial management of the parish Hain. In addition to the pastor who presides over it, it consists of 2 members appointed by the parish council and 2 members appointed by the pastor. The number of members is determined by the bishop.
- Women's round ( kfb ): carries out, among other things , the tying of palm trees , the weaving of Advent wreaths , tying of the harvest bouquets and a meal of lent soup
- Catholic family association : this has also been active in the Hain parish since March 2012 with its own parish group
- Bible round: this meets monthly in the parish hall in order to discuss the Bible, its content, origin and interpretation in a relaxed atmosphere and to become more familiar with the content.
- Parish gazette team: The parish gazette was reorganized at the beginning of 2010: the parishioners were informed once per quarter in a 4-page color edition (A3 folded) about current parish events and were able to get an idea of it through many photos. In the attached church service regulations (b / w) reference was made to the measurement and other dates. A total of 8,700 A4 pages are printed and distributed each year, 6,300 of them in color. All printing costs were donated by generous sponsors ! Digital printing takes place (except for a short phase in 2014) in the municipal office of the market town of Obritzberg-Rust . The parish gazette and the church service regulations are also available on the Internet.
- Parish trips: the 1st parish trip led as a pilgrimage in March 2011 for 11 days to the "Holy Land on both sides of the Jordan": Jordan , Israel and the Palestinian city of Bethlehem , the 2nd parish trip led in May 2013 for 7 Days to Rome , Subiaco and Assisi , the 3rd trip in March 2014 for 9 days to Ireland , in March 2015 Andalusia including Gibraltar was the travel destination, in March 2016 Cyprus was visited, in May 2017 Campania , in 2018 North India followed in 2019 Egypt with the Nile and the Red Sea , the trip to the Sinai Peninsula planned for 2020 has been postponed to 2021.
- Parish photo service: a committed member of the parish has been documenting the parish's activities photographically since 2009 - these are available online on a photo website (* 1024px).
Bibliography
- Commemorative publication “200 Years of Parish Hain”, 1983 Herzogenburg Abbey (Wolfgang Payrich, Andreas Kaiser).
- Parish chronicle Hain part 1, translated by Karl and Hermine Binder, arrangement: Franz Higer.
Web links
- Official website of the parish
- Photo website of the parish Hain
- Parish travel website
- Parish library Hain
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '30.7 " N , 15 ° 38' 53.4" E