Mainz seminary

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Episcopal Seminary of St. Boniface
x
address Augustinerstraße 34
55116 Mainz
country Germany
carrier Diocese of Mainz
founding year 1568
re-establishment in 1804
Number of seminarians (total) 11
Rain Dr. Tonke Dennebaum
Sub-rain Rev. Sebastian Lang
Spiritual P. Clemens M. Holes SJ
Website URL Homepage of the seminar

The Mainz seminary is the training center of the Roman Catholic diocese of Mainz for candidates for priesthood who do not belong to any order.

The priestly training takes place in addition to the study of Catholic theology at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and is intended to ensure areas of priestly training that are not the subject of scientific theology.

location

The buildings of the seminary are located in the old town of Mainz , on and around the site of the former Augustinian monastery in Mainz. It borders south on Augustinergässchen, south-west on Augustinerstraße , north-west on Grebenstraße and east on Erbacher Hof and Weintorstraße; the area is crossed by the Himmelgasse. In his Franziskuskapelle there is the so-called Mainzer Gnadenkreuz , a Gothic wooden crucifix that was particularly venerated by St. Petrus Faber in 1542/1543 .

history

Augustinerstraße 34, the postal address of the seminary, in the background the seminary church.

The Mainz seminary goes back to the city's first Jesuit college, which offered academic priestly training for the first time. Archbishop Daniel Brendel von Homburg brought the Jesuits to Mainz as early as 1561 in order to strengthen the Counter-Reformation , which did not advance through professors like Johann Dietenberger . Brendel provided the Jesuits with several chairs at the university against resistance from the established faculty. The beginning of the academic priest training fell in the year 1586, in which Archbishop Wolfgang von Dalberg presided over the diocese and archbishopric. The buildings of the Jesuits, who were entrusted with the management of the seminar, were almost completely destroyed by the invasion of Swedish troops on December 23, 1631 . Until the return of the high clergy under Anselm Casimir Wambolt von Umstadt in 1636, training for priests was out of the question in the Swedish-occupied Mainz. After the Thirty Years' War the Jesuit College was closed in 1648.

Bartholomäus Holzhauser (left), in conversation with Archbishop Johann Philipp von Schönborn (center) and King Karl II of England (right). Contemporary painting.

It was Johann Philipp von Schönborn who undertook the financial, cultural, religious and ecclesiastical reconstruction of the archbishopric. The former student of the Jesuit college initially had the “Mainz” seminarians trained at the seminary of his Würzburg monastery .

It was not until September 7, 1660, that the seminary was re-established by him and his great cousin, Domdean Johann von Heppenheim, called vom Saal . Instead of the Jesuits, the Bartholomites , who had already proven themselves in Würzburg, were commissioned to lead the seminar in the Kronberger Hof in 1662 . Bartholomäus Holzhauser , the founder of the "Institute of Communal Priests", was pastor or dean in Bingen and advisor to the Elector of Schönborn from 1655. After the abolition of the Jesuit order , the seminary was moved to the now vacant, larger Jesuit novitiate in 1773 .

When on 29./30. On September 9th, 1792 a French revolutionary army under the command of General Adam Philippe Custine advanced on Speyer, panic broke out in Mainz. Elector Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , the Mainz cathedral chapter and the aristocratic families left the city with their servants. In 1793 a secular Mainz republic was founded. Mainz became the main transit camp to the east for the French revolutionary troops. The organic products governed from 1802 dealing with the practice of religion in France and therefore also in Mayence. On January 10, 1803, the seminary was finally abolished by the French prefect Jeanbon St. André . The buildings were intended for the establishment of an École centrale in accordance with the “Comité d'instruction publique”.

Restructuring and reorganization in the 19th century

As early as 1805, Bruno Franz Leopold Liebermann was called by the newly appointed Bishop Joseph Ludwig Colmar as a seminar rain to reorganize theological training. For this re-establishment, the municipality under Franz Konrad Macké "generously" made the spacious but heavily damaged former Augustinian Hermitage available as a training facility. Bishop Colmar put his staff together from the Alsatian circle known to him, later known as the Mainz circle .

Thanks to his good personal relationships with Napoleon, Colmar was able to get the restoration of the buildings financially supported by Napoleon. On October 30, 1806, the priestly formation began with ten alumni in the rooms of the seminary. Bishop Colmar insisted on the right to appoint the Regens and the professors himself.

The clergyman Damian Hugo Philipp von Lehrbach (1738–1815), who lived in Speyer as a pensioner, left around 150,000 guilders on his death, which he donated to the Mainz seminary responsible for his city. In 1819 the money was supposed to be paid out, which the Bavarian government forbade, as the diocese of Speyer had been newly founded shortly before , and a seminary had to be set up here as well. After a lengthy legal dispute, a settlement was reached, whereby the Mainz seminar in 1844 received the sum of 60,000 guilders from the Lehrbach Foundation , while 90,000 guilders went to the Speyer seminar .

Johann Friedrich Heinrich Schlosser's legacy

The diocese of Mainz received a significant donation of bibliophile treasures through a testamentary decree of the Imperial Councilor Johann Friedrich Heinrich Schlosser , also known as Fritz, who bequeathed his 35,000-volume library to the Mainz seminary .

For the duration of Christoph Moufang's appointment to rain the seminary, this important, now considerably expanded, library of the seminary was also in Christoph Moufang's care.

Under the aegis of Regens Christoph Moufang, the seminar in the Kulturkampf of 1877 was closed, the students had to switch to the Episcopal Lyceum Eichstätt . It reopened on November 3, 1887.

The 20th century

In the following decades the seminar consolidated itself again. Romano Guardini joined in 1908 and was ordained a priest in May 1910 after completing his studies. After the First World War, the French occupation shaped the fortunes of the seminary. In the time of National Socialism there was repression against the seminary by the state; during World War II it served as a quarters for war refugees.

In 1946 the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz was re-established . While pastoral training remained in the seminary, many lectures have taken place at the university since then. In the post-war period, Regens Josef Maria Reuss (until 1968) shaped the Mainz seminary through his reform of priestly training.

Regents

The following list shows the regents since the re-establishment under Bishop Colmar:

  1. Bruno Franz Leopold Liebermann (1805–1823)
  2. Andreas Räß (1823-1829)
  3. Markus Fidelis Jäck (1830-1832)
  4. Martin Dotzheimer (1832-1835)
  5. Markus Adam Nickel (1835-1851)
  6. Christoph Moufang (1851–1890)
  7. Johann Baptist Holzammer (1890–1903)
  8. Georg Heinrich Maria Kirstein (1903)
  9. Joseph Blasius Becker (1904–1920)
  10. Philipp Jakob Mayer (1920–1922)
  11. Joseph Schneider (1922–1928)
  12. Ernst Thomin (1928–1945)
  13. Josef Maria Reuss (1946–1968)
  14. Nikolaus Reinhardt (1969–1984)
  15. Rainer Borig (1984–1997)
  16. Horst Schneider (1997-2007)
  17. Udo Markus Bentz (2007-2017)
  18. Anton Dennebaum (from Oct. 2017)

Persons who worked in the seminary

literature

  • Nikolaus Reinhardt / Ingobert Jungnitz (Red.), Augustinerstraße 34, 175 years old Episcopal Seminary Mainz , undated undated [Mainz 1980]
  • Helmut Hinkel (ed.), The seminar. 200 years of the Mainz seminary in Augustinerstraße and perspectives of priestly education published today on behalf of the seminary , publications diocese Mainz, Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-934450-23-7

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website of the diocese of Mainz on the Franziskuskapelle with the cross of grace
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Dobras: The electoral city (1462-1648) in: Ed .: Franz Dumont , Ferdinand Scherf , Friedrich Schütz : Mainz - The history of the city . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1998 (p. 255).
  3. ^ Website of the diocese of Mainz on Domdean Johann von Heppenheim, named by the hall
  4. ↑ Holger Michelfeit, La Grammaire générale dans les Écoles centrales en Rhénanie (1798–1804)
  5. ^ Ludwig Lenhart : The first Mainz theological school of the 19th century (1805-1830)
  6. ↑ http://bistummainz.de/einrichtungen/priesterseminar/seminar/gebaeude/geschichte.html
  7. ^ Franz Xaver Remling : Modern history of the bishops of Speyer , Speyer, 1867, p. 136 u. 137 (footnotes); (Digital scan)
  8. ↑ Erwin Gatz : Priest training centers in the German-speaking countries between the Enlightenment and the Second Vatican Council: with ordination statistics for the German-speaking dioceses. Herder, Freiburg / Br. u. a. 1994, ISBN 978-3-451-22567-3 , p. 140
  9. ^ History of the Mainz seminary , website of the seminary
  10. ^ Auxiliary Bishop Regens Josef Maria Reuss , website of the seminary
  11. ↑ Tobias Blum: Tonke Dennebaum introduced as Regens, successor to Auxiliary Bishop Bentz as head of the Mainz seminary , press release diocese of Mainz of October 18, 2017

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 49.5 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 29 ″  E