Rochester (New York)
| Rochester | |||
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| Nickname : The Flour City, The Flower City, The World's Image Center | |||
 Pictures from left to right; Rochester skyline, The Eastman Theater, University of Rochester, High Falls district, Eastman Kodak Research Department |
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| Location in New York | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Foundation : | 1803 | ||
| State : | United States | ||
| State : | new York | ||
| County : | Monroe County | ||
| Coordinates : | 43 ° 10 ′ N , 77 ° 37 ′ W | ||
| Time zone : | Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 ) | ||
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Inhabitants : - Metropolitan Area : |
208,880 (as of 2016) 1,078,879 (as of 2016) |
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| Population density : | 2,253.3 inhabitants per km 2 | ||
| Area : | 96.2 km 2 (approx. 37 mi 2 ) of which 92.7 km 2 (approx. 36 mi 2 ) is land |
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| Height : | 150 m | ||
| Postcodes : | 14600-14699 | ||
| Area code : | +1 585 | ||
| FIPS : | 36-63000 | ||
| GNIS ID : | 979426 | ||
| Website : | www.cityofrochester.gov | ||
| Mayor : | Lovely Warren | ||
 View of the Erie Canal Aqueduct from 1842, which replaced the first aqueduct from 1823 and was converted to Broad Street Bridge after the canal was closed in 1920 |
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Rochester [ ɹɑːtʃɪstɚ ] is a city in the northwest of the State of New York and the county seat of Monroe County . Rochester is located at the confluence of the Genesee River with Lake Ontario and had 210,756 inhabitants (according to the last census in 2010, 2016 estimate: around 209,000). Almost 1.1 million people live in the city's catchment area.
Rochester is home to several well-known colleges and universities , including the University of Rochester , the Rochester Institute of Technology and the Eastman School of Music . The city is also the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Rochester .
Population development
| year | Residents¹ |
|---|---|
| 1980 | 241,741 |
| 1990 | 231,636 |
| 2000 | 220.167 |
| 2010 | 210.756 |
| 2016 | 208,807 |
¹ 1980–2010: census results; 2016: US Census Bureau estimate
history
The indigenous people of the Seneca Indian tribe called the Genesee the "river of many falls". It was also the river, and especially the 30-meter high downtown waterfall , that contributed to Rochester's early industrialization . Between the arrival of the first white settlers in Rochester in 1789 and the construction of the Erie Canal in 1823, there was no question of the town flourishing.
The construction of the canal changed everything. The Erie Canal connected the lower Great Lakes with the capital Albany and across the Hudson River with New York City , leading to an ongoing boom in the city. After the completion of the channel mid-19th century the Genesee created so many on the bank mills that the town Flour City (of English. Flour , flour ') was called. By the middle of the 20th century, tree nurseries and horticulture replaced the flour mills as Rochester's main source of income. The city's garden and park system dates from this period.
Rochester calls itself the World's Image Center , which is true from an industrial and university perspective. In 1853, John Bausch and Henry Lomb opened a small optical equipment shop. From this a global group for ophthalmic surgical instruments and contact lenses has developed. Bausch & Lomb advertised themselves as an eye care company and were also known outside of the healthcare sector for their Ray-Ban glasses. In the 1880s, a bank clerk named George Eastman experimented with photographic materials in his mother's kitchen. The Eastman Kodak Company eventually emerged from these experiments . The Xerox Corporation was also founded in Rochester in 1906.
Kodak's prosperity helped the city flourish well into the 1960s. Then the city felt the economic change. It took its place in the Rust Belt ("Rust Belt"), an area that stretches from Illinois through Indiana , Michigan and Ohio to Pennsylvania and northern New York . These formerly economically strong industrial areas suffered from company closings and the relocation of production facilities to the southwest or to Mexico . The city is still trying to get rid of this negative image today.
In the period from 1928 to 1956, a subway (Rochester Industrial and Rapid Transit Railway) operated in Rochester, some of the tunnels of which still exist.
Industry
Rochester is the headquarters of Eastman Kodak Co. and Bausch and Lomb . Xerox has now moved its headquarters here, but still maintains many administrative buildings and production facilities due to the industrial environment and the universities. Other resident companies are Wegmans Food Markets, Inc., Paychex , Roberts Communications, Inc., National Dairy Holdings, Honey Brown Brewery and the Gleason Corporation (since 1865 in Rochester), which also operates large production plants (mechanical engineering) in Europe (Munich, Ludwigsburg and Studen).
Human rights
The northeastern United States has traditionally been a stronghold of the anti-slavery movement. Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave and became a leader in the slave liberation ( abolitionism ) movement. In 1847 he founded his newspaper North Star in Rochester . The local commitment to human rights is also personified in Susan B. Anthony , a well-known women's rights activist . She was arrested in Rochester in 1872 for insisting on the right to vote .
Town twinning
Rochester has twelve twinning partnerships , with
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The partnership with Würzburg is Rochester's second oldest partnership; it was founded on November 5, 1964 on the initiative of the native Franconian Kilian Schmitt, who lives in Rochester . In 1966 a delegation from Würzburg made the first official visit to Rochester. As early as 1967, the city of Würzburg and Rochester were awarded the first prize for an exemplary city partnership in the White House in Washington .
Personalities
Born in Rochester
- William Seward Burroughs I (1857–1898), entrepreneur and inventor of an adding machine
- Blanche Stuart Scott (1889–1970), the first American woman to fly an airplane
- Walter Hagen (1892–1969), golf legend
- John Lund (1911–1992), actor
- John Lithgow (born 1945), actor
- Robert Duffy (* 1954), former Mayor of Rochester, Lieutenant Governor of New York
- Tweet (* 1972), singer, songwriter and guitarist
- Ryan Lochte (* 1984), swimmer
- Morgan Schild (* 1997), freestyle skier
Famous residents
- Frederick Douglass (1818–1895), slave, abolitionist, orator, writer and statesman
- Johann Jakob Bausch (1830–1926), German-American optician
- George Baldwin Selden (1846–1922), patent attorney and inventor
- George Eastman (1854–1932), entrepreneur and photography pioneer
- Martha Matilda Harper (1857–1950), entrepreneur and inventor
- Rudolf Kingslake (1903–2003), British optics engineer
- Joe Romano (1932-2008), jazz saxophonist
- Gorilla Monsoon (1937-1999), wrestler, wrestling commentator and booker
- Tom Canning (* 1948), fusion musician
- Clifford Taubes (* 1954), mathematician; grew up in Rochester
- Nicholson Baker (born 1957), writer; grew up in Rochester
- Manuel Rivera-Ortiz (* 1968), documentary photographer; grew up in Rochester
- Hudson Leick (born 1969), actress
Climate table
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Rochester, New York
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literature
- Blake McKelvey: Rochester on the Genesee: The Growth of a City. Second edition. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse 1993, ISBN 0-8156-2596-0 .
Web links
- Rochester Wiki (Engl.)