Monroe County, New York

administration
US state :	new York
Administrative headquarters :	Rochester
Foundation :	February 23, 1821
Made up from:	Genesee County Ontario County
Area code :	001 585
Demographics
Residents :	744,344  (2010)
Population density :	437.3 inhabitants / km 2
geography
Total area :	3,539.8 km²
Water surface :	1,837.7 km²
map
Website : www.monroecounty.gov

Monroe County is a county in the state of New York in the United States . At the 2010 census , Monroe County had 744,344 residents and a population density of 1,136.6 people per square kilometer. The county seat is Rochester .

geography

Monroe County is on the south bank of Lake Ontario , through which the border with Canada runs. As a glacial ground moraine and the former soil of a post-glacial meltwater lake, Lake Tonawanda , its landscape is fertile, predominantly flat to undulating, with a maximum elevation of around 200 m above sea level. The county drops from an average height of about 120 meters above sea level on the southern border to about 75 meters above sea level. The largest watercourse is the Genesee River , which flows through the county from south to north and flows into Lake Ontario near Rochester . The county has an area of ​​3,539.8 square kilometers, of which 1,837.7 square kilometers are water, mostly parts of Lake Ontario.

Surrounding areas

Lake Ontario	Lake Ontario	Lake Ontario
Orleans County		Wayne County
Genesee County	Livingston County	Ontario County

history

The settlement of the area of ​​today's county apparently began after the last ice age, after the retreat of a large lake that had formed at the edge of the melting ice sheet. It is known from a nearby site that mastodons , elephant-like animals, lived in the area and that hunters with arrowheads and flint tools roamed the area. No further finds are known, so that until the beginning of the exploration of the country by European missionaries who came from Canada across Lake Ontario in 1620, no statements can be made about the native inhabitants.

The first surviving reports describe the area of ​​today's Monroe County as the hunting ground of one of the local Iroquois tribes, the Seneca Indians . With the settlement of the area from 1788 (a first temporary settler near what is now Rochester; first permanent settlement from 1789) these reports were confirmed. Since the Seneca were not always friendly to the settlers and also the dense forest and the unhealthy, swampy climate made the area seem unattractive, the settlement was only slowly advanced. It was only after the war of 1812 that the number of local settlers increased rapidly; the port city of Rochester on Lake Ontario, an important traffic route, quickly developed into a trading city on the lakeshore.

When it was founded on February 23, 1821, the area that had previously belonged to Genesee County and Ontario County was released into its own administration and named after James Monroe , the fifth President of the United States .

Rochester's development into an important trading hub on the west bank of Lake Ontario was promoted by the construction of the Erie Canal (opened in the local section in 1823) and the construction of the railway network between around 1840 and 1870. Compared to the counties and towns in the area, Monroe County was one of the densely populated areas of western New York. Agriculture is particularly practiced in the south of the county, while trade and manufacturing are concentrated along the more densely populated lakeshore.

George Eastman House (2007)

The transportation routes allowed Monroe County and the surrounding areas to become one of the granaries of the early United States; the flour mills in Rochester produced flour for much of the east coast. After the Second World War, grain production was displaced by vegetable growing; in Rochester also increasingly specialized industry settled from the end of the 19th century. This is how the first contact lenses came about; George Eastman founded the Kodak company here ; and Xerox was founded here.

Three locations have National Historic Landmark status , the New York State Barge Canal , Susan B. Anthony House, and George Eastman House . A total of 183 buildings and sites in the county are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (as of February 19, 2018).

Population development

Census Results - Monroe County, New York

year	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	1880	1890
Residents	-	-	-	49,855	64.902	87,650	100,648	117,868	144.903	189,586
year	1900	1910	1920	1930	1940	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990
Residents	217.854	283.212	352.034	423,881	438.230	487,632	586,387	711.917	702.238	713.968
year	2000	2010	2020	2030	2040	2050	2060	2070	2080	2090
Residents	735.343	744.344

Cities and towns

In addition to the independent municipalities listed below, there are several villages in Monroe County .

Locality	status	Population (2010)	Total area [km²]	Land area [km²]	Population density [inhabitants / km²]	founding	Specialty
Brighton	town	36,609	40.4	39.9	917.5	15th Mar 1814
chili	town	28,625	103.3	102.3	279.8	Feb. 22, 1822
Clarkson	town	6,736	85.9	85.9	78.4	0Apr 2, 1819
East Rochester	town	6,587	3.4	3.4	1,937.4
Gates	town	28,400	39.6	39.4	720.8	30th Mar 1802	Founded as Northampton ; renamed on June 10, 1812
Greece	town	96,095	133.1	123.1	780.6	22 Mar 1822
Hamlin	town	9,045	115.5	112.6	80.3	Oct 11, 1852
Henrietta	town	42,581	92.3	91.6	35.4	27 Mar 1818
Irondequoit	town	51,692	43.6	38.9	1,328.8	27 Mar 1839
Mendon	town	9,152	103.6	102.2	89.5	May 26, 1812
Ogden	town	19,856	95.1	94.5	210.1	Jan. 27, 1817
Parma	town	15,633	111.3	108.8	143.7	0Apr 8, 1808
Penfield	town	36,242	98.0	96.4	376.0	30th Mar 1810
Perinton	town	46,462	89.5	88.5	525.0	May 26, 1812
Pittsford	town	29,405	60.6	60.0	490.1	25th Mar 1814
Riga	town	5,590	91.2	90.6	61.7	0Apr 8, 1808
Rochester	City	210,565	96.2	92.7	227.1	21 Mar 1817	Founded as Village Rochesterville ; renamed April 12, 1822; named City April 28, 1834. County Seat
Rush	town	3,478	79.5	78.6	44.2	13 Mar 1818
Sweden	town	14,175	87.6	87.2	162.6	0Apr 2, 1814
Webster	town	42,641	91.3	86.8	491.3	0Feb 6, 1840
Wheatland	town	4,775	79.4	78.8	60.6	23 Feb 1821	Founded as Inverness ; renamed on April 3, 1821

literature

• Franklin Benjamin Hough: Gazetteer of the State of New York . tape 2 . A. Boyd, Albany, NY 1873, pp. 389 ff . (English, archive.org [PDF; 67.9 MB ; accessed on January 1, 2018]).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Monroe County in the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey
2. ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: New York . National Park Service , accessed February 19, 2018.
3. ↑ Search mask database in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed February 19, 2018.
4. ↑ Population 1790–2010 according to the census results
5. ↑ Population data from the 2010 US Census in the American Factfinder
6. ↑ ^{a b} Official data of the United States Board on Geographic Names
7. ^ Franklin Benjamin Hough: Gazetteer of the State of New York . tape 2 . A. Boyd, Albany, NY 1873, pp. 391 ff .

Web links

Commons : Monroe County, New York  - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Coordinates: 43 ° 28 ′  N , 77 ° 40 ′  W