Cattaraugus County

administration
US state :	new York
Administrative headquarters :	Little Valley
Foundation :	March 11, 1808
Made up from:	Genesee County
Area code :	001 716
Demographics
Residents :	80,317  (2010)
Population density :	23.7 inhabitants / km 2
geography
Total area :	3,425.2 km²
Water surface :	36.6 km²
map
Website : www.cattco.org

Cattaraugus County is a county in the state of New York in the United States . At the 2010 census , the county had 80,317 people and a population density of 23.7 people per square kilometer. The county seat is Little Valley .

geography

Cattaraugus County is located in the plains southeast of Lake Erie , about 100 km southeast of Buffalo . It has an area of ​​3425.2 square kilometers, of which 36.6 square kilometers are water surface. The most important watercourse is the Allegheny River , which crosses the area in a loop, coming from Pennsylvania and flowing back there again. Major road links are Interstate 86 and New York State Route 394 .

The first oil well on American soil to be used industrially was found on the plains on which the county lies. It belongs to an oil deposit that is primarily located under the eastern towns of Ellicottville, Franklinville and Lyndon.

Surrounding areas

	Erie County	Wyoming County
Chautauquay County		Allegany County
Warren County		McKean County

history

The area of ​​today's Cattaraugus County was in the time before the land conquest by the Europeans the settlement area of ​​several Indian tribes who lived there since about 8000 before the turn of the times. In addition to a number of no longer known tribes, they included individual groups of Iroquois . In the area of ​​Cattaraugus County, this was the tribe of the Seneca who inhabited the area. A large number of finds, in particular burial mounds, but also presumed settlement sites, have come down to us from their settlement. Relics of this time have been discovered in all of the county's settlements. There are no records of the tribes that inhabited the area before the Seneca.

Because the Dutch, who had built a large trade and expedition base on the Atlantic coast with New Amsterdam, today's New York City, first explored the Hudson to the north and later the Mohawk River to the west and so the great plain between the Green Mountains and In the Great Lakes, in which the Iroquois lived, there were initially only a few contacts with the European colonists, which were also limited to - mostly warlike - encounters in the area of ​​the Great Lakes. However, there were already first interested parties for the purchase of large areas of land in this area, especially through trading companies. After the British took over the Dutch territories in 1664, the occupation of the plains was increased; one of the reasons for this was a complaint from the governor of Virginia to Thomas Duncan, the colonial governor of New York. In this 1684 complaint, Duncan is called upon to take action against raids carried out by tribes on his territory against French Jesuits. First sales by the government of large tracts of land to trading companies, but also competing sales of lands by Indian tribes to competing trading companies, which in some cases overlapped and resulting disputes between trading companies, the government and the Iroquois (whose tribes were not uniformly behind the sales) were the result .

The levels were only recorded administratively by the State of New York around 1800 and divided into smaller and smaller administrative structures over the course of the next fifty years. So Cattaraugus County was created on March 11, 1808 as an independent administrative unit from Genesee County . In 1812 its eastern shares were spun off to Allhegany County - too few settlers were settled to manage the large area. It was not until 1817 that the minimum number of taxpayers was reached with 500 people to make Cattaraugus County a full member of the New York Senate.

Three side routes of the Underground Railroad , a series of escape routes for slaves from the southern states to Canada, which were equipped with fixed utilities at a distance of 15 to 25 kilometers, led through the area of ​​Cattaraugus Countys. However, the main routes were to be found west on Lake Erie to Buffalo and east along the Hudson River to Rochester; the escape routes through Cattaraugus were used comparatively rarely.

The Town of Elko, which was founded on November 26, 1890, sank in 1965 when the Alleghany Reservoir was dammed after the completion of the Kinzua Dam . The areas that were not flooded were slammed into Coldspring . Since they are mostly in the Allegany State Park area, they are uninhabited today. Parts of the Allegany reservation were also flooded during the damming .

Located in the National Register of Historic Places registered William E. Wheeler House

34 buildings and sites in the county are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (as of February 18, 2018).

Population development

Census Results - Cattaraugus County, New York

year	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	1880	1890
Residents			4,090	16,724	28,872	38,950	43,886	43,909	55,806	60,866
year	1900	1910	1920	1930	1940	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990
Residents	65,643	65,919	71,323	72,398	72,652	77.901	80.187	81,666	85,697	84.234
year	2000	2010	2020	2030	2040	2050	2060	2070	2080	2090
Residents	83.955	80.317

cities and communes

Locality	status	Population (2010)	Total area [km²]	Land area [km²]	Population density [inhabitants / km²]	founding	Specialty
Allegany	Town	8.004	185.4	183.7	43.6	Apr 18, 1831	Founding name: Burton
Allegany reservation	reservation	1,020	113.1	94.0	10.9
Ashford	Town	2.132	134.4	134.0	15.9	Feb 16, 1828
Carrollton	Town	1,297	109.7	109.6	11.8	09 Mar 1842
Cattaraugus reservation	reservation	38	15.6	15.1	20.7		is cross-border z. T. in Chautauquay County
Cold spring	Town	663	134.7	133.3	5.0	20 Mar 1837
Conewango	Town	1,857	93.6	93.5	19.9	Jan. 20, 1823
Dayton	Town	1,886	93.6	92.0	20.5	0Feb. 7, 1835
East Otto	Town	1,062	104.6	103.8	10.2	Nov. 30, 1854
Ellicottville	Town	1,598	117.0	116.8	13.7	Apr 13, 1820
Farmersville	Town	1,090	124.2	123.9	8.8	29 Mar 1821
Franklinville	Town	2,990	134.6	134.2	22.3	June 16, 1812	Founding name: Hebe
Freedom	Town	2.405	107.0	106.2	22.7	Apr 13, 1820
Great Valley	Town	1,974	128.6	128.6	15.4	Apr 15, 1818
Hinsdale	Town	2.168	100.4	100.3	21.6	Apr 14, 1820
Humphrey	Town	687	96.2	96.2	7.1	May 12, 1836
Ischua	Town	859	83.9	83.9	10.2	0Feb. 7, 1846	Founding name: Rice
Leon	Town	1,365	93.8	93.7	14.6	Apr 24, 1832
Little Valley	Town	1,740	77.2	77.1	22.6	Apr 10, 1818	County Seat
Lyndon	Town	707	86.2	86.1	8.2	Jan. 24, 1829
Machias	Town	2,375	106.4	104.7	22.7	Apr 16, 1827
Mansfield	Town	808	104.0	103.9	7.8	23 Feb 1830
Napoli	Town	1,248	94.7	94.2	13.2	Jan. 20, 1823	Founding name: Cold Spring
New Albion	Town	1,972	92.8	92.3	21.4	23 Feb 1830
Oil Springs Reservation	reservation	0	1.0	1.0	0.0		is cross-border z. T. in Allegany County
Olean	City	14,452	16.0	15.3	944.5	Apr 25, 1893
Olean	Town	1.963	77.0	76.7	25.6	11th Mar 1808
Otto	Town	808	85.1	84.8	9.5	Jan. 29, 1823
Perrysburg	Town	1,626	73.9	73.6	22.1	Apr 13, 1814	Founding name: Perry
Persia	Town	2,404	54.4	54.1	44.4	0Feb. 7, 1835
Portville	Town	3,730	93.3	92.2	40.5	Apr 27, 1837
Randolph	Town	2,602	94.0	93.4	27.9	0Feb. 1, 1826
Red House	Town	38	144.7	144.2	0.3	Nov 23, 1868
Salamanca	City	5,815	16.2	15.5	374.6
Salamanca	Town	481	47.6	47.6	10.1	Nov 19, 1854	Founding name: Bucktooth
South Valley	Town	264	96.1	95.4	2.8	0Apr 2, 1847
Yorkshire	Town	3,913	94.3	93.9	41.7	Apr 13, 1820

literature

• John Homer French: Gazetteer of the State of New York . RP Smith, Syracuse, NY 1860, pp. 186 ff . ( Online at archive.org [PDF; 63.8 MB ; accessed on August 25, 2015]).
• William Adams: Historical gazetteer and biographical memorial of Cattaraugus County, NY . Horton Lyman, Syracuse, NY 1893 ( Online at archive.org [PDF; 75.6 MB ; accessed on September 1, 2015]).

Web links

Commons : Cattaraugus County  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cattaraugus County ( English ) In: Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey . Retrieved September 1, 2015.
2. ↑ Description of the local section of the Underground Railway on the website of the Historical Society Cattaraugus Countys (English)
3. ↑ Search mask database in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed February 18, 2018.
4. ↑ Population 1820–2010 according to census results
5. ^ William Adams: Historical gazetteer and biographical memorial of Cattaraugus County, NY . Horton Lyman, Syracuse, NY 1893. (unless otherwise noted)
6. ↑ John Homer French: Gazetteer of the State of New York . RP Smith, Syracuse, NY 1860, pp. 190 ff .

Coordinates: 42 ° 14 ′  N , 78 ° 15 ′  W