Erie County (New York)

Erie County Courthouse
administration
US state :	new York
Administrative headquarters :	Buffalo
Address of the administrative headquarters:	95 Franklin Street Buffalo, New York 14202
Foundation :	April 2, 1821
Made up from:	Niagara County
Area code :	001 716
Demographics
Residents :	919,040  (2010)
Population density :	339.8 inhabitants / km 2
geography
Total area :	3178 km²
Water surface :	473 km²
map
Website : www.erie.gov

Erie County is a county in the state of New York in the United States . At the 2010 census , the county had 919,040 people and a population density of 340 people per square kilometer. The county seat is Buffalo .

geography

See also : List of county streets in Erie County, New York

Erie County is located in northwest New York state. It has an area of ​​3,178 square kilometers, of which 473 square kilometers are water. The county is located in the northern plateau southeast of the Great Lakes , consists of glacial hill country that rises from north to south from the plain around the Niagara River, and borders on Lake Erie to the west . There are several large harbors along the lake shore; the largest of them, Buffalo , is also the county's largest city. The largest rivers are the eastern branch of the Niagara River , which splits into two branches a few kilometers after its outflow from Lake Erie, which later flow together again and thus form the river island Grand Lake, which is a town of its own, the Cattaraugus Creek and the Tonawanda Creek , which is also the northern limit of the county. There are no noteworthy surveys; the hill country in the south reaches heights of up to 100 meters above the northern plain.

Surrounding areas

Niagara Falls (Canada)	Niagara County	Orleans County
Lake Erie		Genesee County Wyoming County
Chautauqua County	Cattaraugus County

history

Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site (2016)

The Kleinhans Music Hall has the status of a National Historic Landmark .

The area of ​​today's Erie County was originally inhabited by the Seneca Indians , a tribe of the Iroquois , from whom it was bought by the first colonists around 1790. This land went into the Holland Purchase , which included most of today's county. From 1797 to 1838, the Buffalo Creek Reservation took up a large portion of what is now the county. The settlement of the area by colonists from the east coast was initially slow, so that the first state administrative structures did not emerge until around 1800. The area of ​​what is now Erie County first belonged to Genesee County , founded on March 20, 1802 , which was then subdivided. On March 11, 1808, Niagara County was spun off from Genesee County , which was later further subdivided. So Erie County was created on April 2, 1821 as an independent administrative unit and was named after the Erie Indians .

In the British-American War (1812 to 1815), Buffalo and Black Rock were captured on the morning of March 13, 1813 by a surprising advance of the British advancing from Canada and Buffalo burned down. After the peace treaty of 1814, however, the conquest did not result in any border shifts.

With the opening of the Erie Canal on October 26, 1825, which flowed into Lake Erie in Buffalo, a transport route was created between the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes, which greatly increased the population of the previously almost uninhabited plains in the west of the state of New York and their industrial development promoted. The canal made Buffalo the port of communication for merchant ships on the Great Lakes with the port city of New York . However, the canal was frozen over in the winter months and was therefore not navigable. With the opening of the Erie Railroad , which was planned and built from 1832, an additional trade connection could be used and the development of the areas around the Great Lakes could be further accelerated. The use of hydropower, particularly along the Niagara River, for a variety of factories and factories led to the establishment of an industrial and commercial belt along the lakeshore, the banks of the Niagara, the Erie Canal and the various railway junctions, especially in the northern and western parts of the county.

During the years leading up to the Civil War (1861–1865), several escape routes of southern slaves led across Lake Erie to abolitionist Canada; Buffalo was the end point of many of these routes. A number of land routes, some of which directly followed the lakeshore and were lined with permanent aid stations with food and shelter for the refugees, also ran through Erie County.

With the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1957, the region was cut off from important trade routes and fell significantly behind both economically and in terms of population.

There is a National Historic Site in the county , the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site . Ten locations have National Historic Landmark status . A total of 183 buildings and sites in the county are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (as of February 17, 2018).

Population development

Census Results - Erie County, New York

year	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	1880	1890
Residents				35,719	62,465	100,993	141,971	178,699	219,884	322,981
year	1900	1910	1920	1930	1940	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990
Residents	433,686	528.985	634,688	762,408	798.377	899.238	1,064,688	1,113,491	1,015,472	968.532
year	2000	2010	2020	2030	2040	2050	2060	2070	2080	2090
Residents	950.265	922.835

cities and communes

Locality	status	Population (2010)	Total area [km²]	Land area [km²]	Population density [inhabitants / km²]	founding	Specialty
Alden	Town	10,865	89.4	88.9	122.3	27 Mar 1823
Amherst	Town	122,366	138.8	137.8	888.0	Apr 10, 1813
Aurora	Town	13,782	94.4	94.3	146.2	Apr 11, 1804	Name when founded: Willink
Boston	Town	8,023	92.8	92.8	86.5	0Apr 5, 1817
Brant	Town	2,065	64.1	63.0	32.8	25th Mar 1839
Buffalo	City	261.310	136.0	104.6	2,498.3	0Feb. 8, 1810	Elevated to the city on April 20, 1832
Cattaraugus reservation	reserve	1,833	66.3	65.4	28.0		is cross-border z. T. in Cattaraugus County
Cheektowaga	Town	88,216	76.4	76.2	1,157.7	22 Mar 1839	Original spelling: Chictawauga
Clarence	Town	30,673	138.9	138.6	221.4	11th Mar 1808
Colden	Town	3,265	92.5	92.3	35.4	0Apr 2, 1827
Collins	Town	6,601	124.7	124.2	53.1	16. Mar. 1821
Concord	Town	8,494	181.5	181.1	46.9	20 Mar 1812
Eden	Town	7,688	103.2	103.1	74.6	20 Mar 1812
Elma	Town	11,317	89.4	89.4	126.6	0Dec. 4, 1857
Evans	Town	16,356	107.6	107.6	152.1	23 Mar 1821
Grand Island	Town	20,374	86.2	73.2	278.2	Oct 19, 1852
Hamburg	Town	56,936	107.1	107.0	532.0	20 Mar 1812
Holland	Town	3,401	92.8	92.7	36.7	Apr 15, 1818
Lackawanna	City	18,141	17.1	17.0	1,065.9	1909
Lancaster	Town	41,604	98.3	97.7	426.1	20 Mar 1833
Marilla	Town	5,327	71.3	71.2	74.8	0Dec 2, 1853
Newstead	Town	8,594	132.4	131.5	65.4	11th Mar 1804	Name when founded: Erie
North Collins	Town	3,523	111.4	111.0	31.7	Nov 24, 1852	Name when founded: Shirley
Orchard Park	Town	29,054	99.8	99.6	291.8	Oct 15, 1850	Name when founded: Ellicot , then North Holland ; Orchard Park since 1934 .
Sardinia	Town	2,775	130.6	130.0	21.4	16. Mar. 1821
Tonawanda	City	15,130	10.6	9.8	1,536.1	1904
Tonawanda	Town	73,567	52.5	48.5	1,516.1	Apr 16, 1836
Tonawanda reservation	reserve	34	4.8	4.8	7.1		Overall to Genesee County
Wales	Town	3,005	92.3	92.2	32.6	Apr 15, 1818
West Seneca	Town	44,711	55.5	55.3	808.3	Oct 16, 1851	Name when founded: Seneca

literature

• John Homer French: Gazetteer of the State of New York . RP Smith, Syracuse, NY 1860, pp. 279 ff . Online version as PDF at archive.org , accessed on August 25, 2015
• Crisfield Johnson: Centennial history of Erie County, New York . Matthews & Warren, Buffalo, NY 1876. Online PDF version at archive.org , accessed September 11, 2015

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Erie County in the United States Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System ; accessed on September 12, 2015
2. ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: New York . National Park Service , accessed February 17, 2018.
3. ↑ Search mask database in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed February 17, 2018.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Population figures 1830–2010 according to the census results
5. ↑ John Homer French: Gazetteer of the State of New York . RP Smith, Syracuse, NY 1860. (unless otherwise noted)

Web links

Commons : Erie County, New York  - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Coordinates: 42 ° 45 ′  N , 78 ° 47 ′  W