South Tyrolean settlement

South Tyrolean settlement in Imst (on both sides of Franz-Xaver-Renn-Straße)

South Tyrolean settlement in Bludenz, behind it Fatima Church (view from Muttersberg )

South Tyrolean settlement in Bludenz

Redeveloped South Tyrolean settlement in Lochau

In South Tyrolean settlements in the German Reich ( Germany and Austria ) residential units were built in a uniform design for the South Tyroleans who had moved there in the early 1940s .

history

Adolf Hitler and the Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini concluded an agreement in 1939 (" Hitler-Mussolini Agreement "):

It forced the South Tyroleans to decide whether they would

• remain in South Tyrol under the conditions of Italian fascism
• or want to emigrate to the German Reich.

In the period between 1939 and 1943, this option was called the " Option in South Tyrol ", in which the non-Italian-speaking South Tyroleans (German and Ladin-speaking) emigrated to Germany or Austria ("Optanten") or stayed in South Tyrol ("Dableiber") .

80 percent (that was 166,488 South Tyroleans) opted for the option - and around 75,000 of them emigrated by the end of the war. Around 11,000 of them were housed in hastily built housing estates in Vorarlberg .

These settlements are still in the larger municipalities and cities of Austria and are known as "South Tyrolean settlements". In connection with the " annexation " of Austria to the German Reich in March 1938, this building decision was only made for the Ostmark . The exact investigation of the circumstances is still pending.

Locations

The list of places with South Tyrolean settlements is intended to provide an overview of the locations of South Tyrolean settlements.

Many of the South Tyrolean settlements in Vorarlberg and Tyrol were planned by the Stuttgart architect Helmut Erdle (1906–1991):
Participation in the planning and execution of settlements for South Tyroleans in Kematen, Landeck-Perjen, Landeck-Zams, Jenbach, Imst, Telfs, Schwaz, Kufstein, St.Johann, Reutte, Hall, Bregenz-Lochau, Götzis, Völs, Wattens, Brixlegg, Pfunds, Flirsch, Jochberg, Wörgl and Kramsach.

• 1938–39 worked at the Heimstättenamt in Vienna
• 1939–43 worked at the Heimstättenamt in Innsbruck, head of the planning department

The Reichsheimstättenamt was an organization of the German Labor Front , see also the architect Julius Schulte-Frohlinde , who also came from Stuttgart , from 1934 under Albert Speer deputy head of the construction department of the DAF, from 1936 the head, and the planning departments of the Reichsheimstättenamt are also subordinate to him.

Burgenland

• Oberwart

Lower Austria

• Mistelbach (forerunner, because it was built in the First World War and used for refugees from 1916 to 1918)
• Mödling

Upper Austria

• Free City

Salzburg

Bischofshofen Kaprun

Mittersill Salzburg (both in Liefering and in Maxglan )

St. Johann im Pongau Schwarzach im Pongau

Styria

• Bad Radkersburg on Südtirolerplatz between the former Augustinian Hermit Church and the southeast tower of the medieval town fortifications.
• Bruck an der Mur
• Fürstenfeld
• Graz
• Gröbming (South Tyrolean settlement built 1941–1943, by Hans Jaksch and Siegfried Theiss )
• Leibnitz
• Liezen
• Wheat

Tyrol

Brixlegg Flirsch Hall Hopfgarten in Brixental Imst Innsbruck - Pradl  and - Wilten Jenbach Jochberg (Tyrol)

Kematen Kitzbühel (around 1941) Kramsach Kufstein Sparchen Landeck- Perjen Lienz (created 1941–1942) Pfunds Reutte

St. Johann Telfs Völs Wattens Worgl Zams

Vorarlberg

The Vorarlberg non-profit housing and settlement company Vogewosi , founded in 1939, was commissioned to develop the so-called South Tyrolean Volkswohnbauten in the state of Vorarlberg, with a total of 2,300 apartments planned.

• Bludenz (built 1942–1947)
• Bregenz (1939–1941)
• Dornbirn (1939–1941)
• Götzis (built in 1941)
• Hard
• Levis (Feldkirch) , Siechengut (built 1940)
• Lochau
• Lustenau , Heimkehrerstraße 1–9, 11, 13, 15, Bahnhofstraße 16, Hinterfeldstraße 6, 8, 12: 101 of the 150 planned apartments were completed in Bahnhofsstraße and named Heimkehrerstraße in 1941 by the mayor , a name given to the residential complex still has.

See also

• Suburban settlement (Austria)
• Hitler buildings
• Community building

literature

• Helmut Alexander, Adolf Leidlmair , Stefan Lechner: Homeless: the resettlement of the South Tyroleans . Vienna: Deuticke 1993. ISBN 3-216-07832-9
• Hans Glaser: New village structure - further development of a proven form of living . Research work on the development concept of the "South Tyrolean settlement" in Kematen, self-published by Aldrans 2004.

Web links

Commons : South Tyrolean settlements  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• June 23, 1939: The resettlement agreement , discussion of the South Tyrol issue in Berlin
• South Tyrolean settlements , from the series Hundert Häuser - The Republic of Austria as reflected in its architecture , Radio Ö1 , September 17, 2018

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Vorarlberg Guide. What citizenship applicants should know about our country ( Memento from December 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), Bregenz 2006. Page 11 (PDF).
2. ↑ STANDARD housing symposium
3. ↑ Helmut Erdle ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 689 kB)
4. ↑ Bernd Zimmermann: Die Südtiroler Siedlung in Oberwart, in: Österreich in Geschichte und Literatur, 35th year 1991, booklet 5b-6, p. 430.
5. ^ Alfred Englisch, Günter Hollaus and Karl Kleibl: 90 years of the South Tyrolean settlement in Mistelbach. (PDF) 1916-2006. In: Local history supplement Südtirolersiedlung. September 20, 2006, archived from the original on September 29, 2007 ; Retrieved September 12, 2013 . 
6. ↑ Online presence of the Pongauer Nachrichten Südtiroler Trachtengruppe St. Johann Herzjesufest 2007
7. ↑ Schwarzach im Pongau
8. ↑ THE OPEN SPACE PLAN FOR BRUCK / MUR - "SOCIAL PRIORITY AREAS" - OPEN SPACE PLANNING IN THE INTEREST OF YOUNG PEOPLE Final report 2001 ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
9. ^ Adolf Leidlmair: The population development and ethnic structure of South Tyrol since 1918, in: Austria in History and Literature, 34th year 1990, Heft 5b-6, p. 352 ff.
10. ^ Architects' dictionary
11. ↑ Südtirolersiedlung on the homepage of the municipality of Weiz
12. ^ Hall in Tirol - South Tyrolean settlement Rudolfstrasse. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
13. ^ Hall in Tirol - South Tyrolean settlement Schönegg. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
14. ↑ Hopfgarten im Brixental - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
15. ^ Imst - South Tyrolean settlement Franz-Xaver-Renn-Straße. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
16. ↑ Imst - South Tyrolean settlement Am Grettert. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
17. ↑ University of Innsbruck online presence ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Innsbruck: Do you know these buildings? The "special measure S"
18. ^ Jenbach - South Tyrolean settlement (Tratzbergsiedlung). In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
19. ^ Jochberg - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
20. ↑ Kematen in Tirol - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
21. ↑ Messerschmittwerk ( Memento from January 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
22. ↑ Online presence of the Fraunhofer Information Center for Space and Building Hans Glaser: New village structure - further development of a tried and tested form of living , self-published by Aldrans 2004
23. ↑ Kitzbühel - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
24. ↑ - ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Notes from the Southwest German Archive for Architecture and Civil Engineering at the University of Karlsruhe (page 6)
25. ↑ Kufstein - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
26. ^ Lienz - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
27. ^ City of Lienz (page 4/4) ( Memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
28. ^ Reutte - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
29. ↑ Wernher Freiherr von Braun (1912–1977) ( memento from February 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) in the hands of the US armed forces: with his arm in a plastered arm in the South Tyrolean settlement in Reutte, photo May 1945
30. ↑ St. Johann in Tirol - South Tyrolean settlement Bozner Straße. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
31. ↑ St. Johann in Tirol - South Tyrolean settlement Meraner Straße. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
32. ↑ Telfs - South Tyrolean settlement. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved October 1, 2017 . 
33. ↑ Online presence Der Standard Hannes Schlosser: Courage to demolish and to become dense - The South Tyrolean settlement in Telfs , June 28, 2006
34. ^ Wolfgang Scheffknecht: 100 years market community Lustenau 1902 to 2002. A chronicle ; S. 240, Marktgemeinde Lustenau 2003, ISBN 3-900954-06-2 .
35. ↑ Günther Rau: Bodensee Bibliography 1998 PDF page 117 Peter Bußjäger , Josef Concin, Karl Gerstgrasser: The Bludenzer South Tyrolean settlement and its inhabitants. On the emergence and social history of a district, History Association Region Bludenz 1998, Bludenzer Geschichtsblätter 43/45.
36. ↑ Lexicon Dornbirn ( Memento from October 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ): Südtirolersiedlungen Sala, Kehlen, Egeten and Rüttenersch
37. ↑ Götzis ( Memento of February 27, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) In July 1941, 200 South Tyrolean resettlers arrived in Götzis, the South Tyrolean settlement was built.
38. ↑ Levis - a district with a rich history ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (by city archivist Mag. Christoph Volaucnik; PDF, 1.5 MB)
39. ↑ Vogewosi  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Residential complex 818 / Lustenau / Heimkehrerstraße  
40. ↑ Online presence of the Fraunhofer Information Center for Space and Construction