St. Johann im Pongau

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Borough
St. Johann im Pongau
coat of arms Austria map
Coat of arms of St. Johann im Pongau
St. Johann im Pongau (Austria)
St. Johann im Pongau
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Salzburg
Political District : St. Johann im Pongau
License plate : JO
Main town : Sankt Johann im Pongau
Surface: 78.14 km²
Coordinates : 47 ° 21 '  N , 13 ° 12'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 21 '0 "  N , 13 ° 12' 0"  E
Height : 565  m above sea level A.
Residents : 11,235 (January 1, 2020)
Population density : 144 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 5600, 5602
Area code : 06412
Community code : 5 04 18
Address of the
municipal administration:
Hauptstrasse 18
5600 St. Johann im Pongau
Website: www.stjohannimpongau.at
politics
Mayor : Günther Mitterer ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : (2019)
(25 members)
6th
11
5
3
6th 11 
A total of 25 seats
Location of St. Johann im Pongau in the district of St. Johann im Pongau
Bad Gastein Altenmarkt im Pongau Bad Hofgastein Bischofshofen Dorfgastein Eben im Pongau Filzmoos Flachau (Salzburg) Forstau Goldegg im Pongau Großarl Hüttau Hüttschlag Kleinarl Mühlbach am Hochkönig Pfarrwerfen Radstadt St. Johann im Pongau St. Martin am Tennengebirge Sankt Veit im Pongau Schwarzach im Pongau Untertauern Wagrain (Pongau) Werfen Werfenweng SalzburgLocation of the municipality of St. Johann im Pongau in the district of St. Johann im Pongau (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
Municipal Office
Municipal Office
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

St. Johann im Pongau ( Pongau dialect : Seiger Håns , Sénnig Håns or Seini (g) Håns , short form: St. Johann / Pg. ) Is the capital and, with 11,235 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020), it is also the most populous municipality in the district of St Johann im Pongau in the state of Salzburg .

geography

Salzach near St. Johann
Salzachtal northwards around St. Johann, in front of the Salzachknie Schwarzach-St. Vitus

St. Johann im Pongau is located in the Salzach Pongau a good 50 kilometers south of Salzburg . The city is located in the Salzach Valley in the southern Bischofshofen-St.-Johanner Basin shortly after the great knee of the Salzach, inward into the valley south of Bischofshofen , between the Salzburg Slate Alps in the north ( Dientner Mountains in the west, Fritztal Mountains in the east), the Radstädter Tauern ( Part of the Niedere Tauern ) in the southeast and the foothills of the Ankogel group ( Hohe Tauern ) in the southwest. The municipality includes the Salzachtalungen at around 550  m above sea level. A. , the Hochgründeck  ( 1827  m above sea level ) on the right , the slopes of the Palfnerkogel  ( 1413  m above sea level ) on the left, and the lower valleys of the Wagrainer Ache (Kleinarlerache) and the Großarler Ache (the Liechtenstein gorge ), two on the right Tributaries of the Salzach, the easternmost of the Tauern valleys .

Community structure

The municipal area comprises the following 10  cadastral communities and localities (largely congruent, population in brackets as of January 1, 2020 and area rounded):

  • Desert (288, 744 ha)
  • Floitensberg (155, 734.5 ha)
  • Ginau (31, 761.5 ha)
  • Hallmoos (46, 1076 ha)
  • Maschl (908, 474.5 ha)
  • Plankenau (1735, 1354.5 ha)
  • Reinbach (2264, 1110 ha)
  • Rettenstein (711, 619.5 ha)
  • Sankt Johann im Pongau ( main town, KG  St. Johann written; 4788, 116.5 ha)
  • Urreiting (309, 891.5 ha)

To the right of the Salzach in the center of the municipality is the town, to the left opposite Reinbach with a footbridge and Halldorf . Out of the valley, on the right at the Hochgründeck, above the town of Rettenstein with the Rotte Obkirchen , and the scattered houses Maschl and Urreiting, and on the left the scattered houses Wilderness with the Palfner Dörfl . In the valley towards Grossarl lies the Rotte Plankenau with the alpine village , and up the Wagrainerache the scattered houses Hallmoos, Floitensberg and Ginau.

Counting districts of the community are St. Johann-Zentrum , Salzachviertel-Süd and -Nord for the locations on the river, Unterer Markt-Plankenau at the Wagrainerachen estuary (parts of Sankt Johann and Plankenau), and St. Johann-Nord for Rettenstein, Maschl, Urreiting , St. Johann-Südost for the other parts of Plankenau, Hallmoos, Floitensberg, Ginau, and St. Johann-West for the right side of the valley with Reinbach, Einöden.

Sankt Johann is the district capital of the district of St. Johann / Pongau and the place of jurisdiction for the judicial district of St. Johann im Pongau .

The city belongs to the Salzburg Planning Association Pongau.

Neighboring communities

Mühlbach am Hochkönig Bischofshofen Huettau
Sankt Veit im Pongau Neighboring communities Wagrain
Grossarl
Schwarzach im Pongau is a community that is designated as a neighboring community, but is not directly adjacent to the municipality of St. Johann , which is separated from the St. Johann municipality by the St. Veiter municipality in a strip a few kilometers wide.

history

Parish Church of St. Johannes ("Pongau Cathedral")

Early history

Finds indicate that the area was first settled in the Bronze Age around 2000 BC. BC, especially the tunnel systems and wooden pit fixtures for copper mining in the Arthur tunnel .

There is an interpretation that the Roman highway Virunum – Iuvaum (Zollfeld – Salzburg) ran from Altenmarkt over the Wagrainer Höhe , then the Vocario station could have been located here; the route over the Fritztal is now considered to be secured, and Pfarrwerfen / Werfen is accepted for this. In any case, lower-ranking roads over Wagrainerhöhe and into the Salzachpinzgau will certainly have met here.

The area and one church are mentioned for the first time in 924 in episcopal records. The name was first mentioned in 1074 (ad sanctum Johannem) . The settlement suffered a first setback due to the plague in 1348, around 1350 350 people are likely to have lived here.

Between the 14th and the beginning of the 20th century

During the Peasants' War 1525-26 the Reformation to St. Johann put on the side of Protestants . After the crackdown, St. Johann was able to develop well, so in 1672 the district court of St. Johann im Pongau was founded. In the course of the expulsion of Protestants from the Archdiocese of Salzburg , which reached its peak in 1731, 2500 residents had to leave the parish as Salzburg exiles (at least 70% of the residents). Another setback in economic development was the market fire of 1855.

1930s, time of National Socialism

Russian memorial

St. Johann received the right to carry a coat of arms in 1929. The Krobatinkaserne was built in 1936.

From 1939 to December 23, 1945 the community was called Markt Pongau ( Reichsgau Salzburg ). National Socialist Mayor was Hans Kappacher (appointed by district leader Josef Kastner). In the 1950s, Kappacher was again mayor and was made an honorary citizen by the local council. In 1940 the Hallein school sisters, who had lived there since the 1720s, were expelled. From 1941 onwards there was a main camp for prisoners of war, the Stalag XVIII C (317), with up to 30,000 prisoners at times and a guard of around 1,000 men. Between 1941 and 1945, around 4,000 Soviet prisoners of war died in the STALAG “Markt Pongau” from hunger, freezing and epidemics. The Russian cemetery on the slope of the B311 north of the speedway is still a reminder today.

Period of the Second Republic

In the last few decades the community has developed into an important tourist destination, it is one of the main locations of the Salzburger Sportwelt tourist association and the Ski amadé ski association . This is how the alpine village came into being .

On June 24, 2000, the community, which was market from 1290, was elevated to the status of town.

coat of arms

Coat of arms at st johann.png

The city's coat of arms is described :

In the red shield is the figure of St. John the Baptist , half to the right, standing on a green floor with a yellowish undergarment and a brown, loden-colored upper garment, in his right hand holding a book with an Easter lamb with a flag on it.

John the Baptist is the patron saint of the city (the Catholic parish church is dedicated to both Johns, including the Evangelist ). The coat of arms was awarded in 1929.

politics

Community representation

The community council has a total of 25 members. The city council elections take place every five years. The previous allocation of seats is shown in the following overview:

mayor

  • 1936–1938 Adalbert Mueller (government commissioner)
  • 1938–1945 Hans Kappacher
  • 1945–? Hans Messmer
  • ? –1949 Franz Höhenwarter
  • 1949–1978 Hans Kappacher
  • 1978–1998 Leonhard Neumayer (ÖVP)
  • 1998–2003 Josef Dengg (ÖVP)
  • since 2003 Günther Mitterer (ÖVP)

City of Sankt Johann im Pongau

Sankt Johann im Pongau ( city )
locality ( capital of the municipality )
cadastral community St. Johann im Pongau
Basic data
Pole. District , state St. Johann im Pongau  (JO), Salzburg
Judicial district St. Johann im Pongau
Pole. local community St. Johann im Pongau
Coordinates 47 ° 20 ′ 56 "  N , 13 ° 12 ′ 17"  E
height 616  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village 4788 (January 1, 2020)
Building status 651 (2001)
Area  d. KG 1.16 km²
Post Code 5600 St. Johann iP
Statistical identification
Locality code 14046
Cadastral parish number 55124
Counting district / district St. Johann-Zentrum, Salzachviertel-South, Unterer Markt- Plankenau , Salzachviertel-North (50418 X [000,001,002,006])
image
City center, from the Hochglocker
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; SAGIS
4788

City center

The town of Sankt Johann im Pongau is the main town of the community, as well as the town and cadastral community . It is located 52 km south of the center of Salzburg, at around 615  m above sea level. A. Height to the right above the Salzach at the foot of the Hochgründeck on a valley terrace , about 50 meters above the river and down on its bank.

Neighboring towns, villages and cadastral communities:
Desert
(O & KG)

Palfner Dörfl

Maschl  (O and KG)
Salzach
Reinbach
(O and KG)
Neighboring communities Rettenstein
(O and KG)
Plankenau (O and KG)
0

City structure

The village of Sankt Johann im Pongau has almost 700 buildings with around 4700 inhabitants, which is not quite half of the community's population (a good 40%).

The city is divided into:

  • St. Johann center around the deanery parish church , with the old locations Oberer Markt and Unterer Markt , up to the edge of the terrace where the Adelsberger Promenade runs, and the former Lackenfeldern around the school center, Hotel Alpenland, tax office, up to Mehrlgasse – Färbergasse and the Locations above (Zaglausiedlung) to around the B163  Wagrainer Straße (approx. 1900 inhabitants / 280 buildings)
  • the old suburb (Vormarkt) south below, from the Vormarktbrücke and the Salzachweg and on the Wagrainerache along the Mühlgasse to the old Wagrainerstraße (approx. 850 inhabitants / 80 buildings; counting district Unterer Markt-Plankenau with the localities belonging to Plankenau south of the Wagrainerache)
  • the Salzachviertel west of the Salzach, with the sports field and the Krobatinkaserne northwards to the South Tyrolean settlement at the federal road bridge (approx. 2000 inhabitants / 350 buildings; counting districts - south and north )
  • the locations below Rettenstein (Rettensteinweg, Elisabethinum and kindergarten), which already belong to that cadastral community

The cadastral community of St. Johann im Pongau with 116.4  hectares is therefore somewhat smaller than the village.

Local history

The first church should have existed as early as the 10th century at the latest when Pfarrwerfen was founded (mentioned in 924). The place was first mentioned in 1074 as "ad sanctum Johannem in villa" ('In the place near Sankt Johann', which still means the church here), and the double patronage of both Johannes speaks for old age. The development to the market is documented from 1290, 1329 a new church was consecrated.

In 1525/26, during the Peasant Wars , the place was plundered and devastated. From 1672 it was the seat of an independent regional court .

Shortly after it was founded in 1723, the Hallein school sisters settled here to run an elementary school. They were expelled in 1940, but were able to return after the war (today the Elisabethinum Higher School for Economic Professions ). In 1812 St. Johann became the seat of the deanery .

May 31, 1855, the great market fire took place, which destroyed a large part of the village, the church was completely rebuilt. Around 1900 the place was only a larger market town with around 120 houses, no more than in the 16th century. After the war, several more schools were founded, and in 1973 the community hospital was closed.

Economy and Infrastructure

District capital

As the administrative center of the Pongau, St. Johann is the seat of numerous institutions and offices: District administration with district accounting, seat of the Education Region South (entire school administration for Lungau, Pinzgau, Pongau and Tennengau) of the Salzburg Education Directorate, official veterinarian, medical officer, departments of commercial and construction law, environmental protection, Disaster control, forestry, official social and psychosocial services, police and traffic and youth welfare as well as tax office , district court and district police command . In St. Johann there is a retirement home, three kindergartens, two elementary schools, a special education center, the federal high school, the federal high school and the federal upper level high school, a middle school, a commercial academy, a polytechnic school, a state vocational school and a privately run vocational secondary school. Other educational institutions, such as the Musikum or the Vocational Promotion Institute, have branches in St. Johann im Pongau.

The so-called Spitalgasse still bears witness to the former hospital in St. Johann, but today the hospitals are in Schwarzach-St. Veit ( Sisters of Charity, Schwarzenberg Hospital , State Hospital ).

Military facilities

  • The Goldhaube , the Austrian air surveillance, is a military facility in St. Johann. The base room operations center , as the official name for the government bunker built in 1978–1982, offers space for air surveillance, dining and lounge areas for soldiers and its own water and power supply. The small "city" underground is completely sealed off from the outside world. Only authorized military and civil servants have access. In times of war it is planned that all members of the Austrian government will move to this bunker in order to head the state administration from there.
  • The Krobatinkaserne as a troop base belongs to the facility .

tourism

St. Johann im Pongau benefits from its alpine location in the tourism sector. Not only in winter, the Alpendorf district is an important tourist center with a large number of hotels and a gondola. The slopes in Alpendorf are connected to other ski areas. Until 2019, a chairlift led directly from the town center to the Hahnbaum, but operation was discontinued - against the protest of part of the population - because it was no longer economically justifiable. A small practice lift for children, on the other hand, can still be used there free of charge. In summer, the local mountain still serves as an easily accessible recreational area. Annual events such as parades, city festivals and cultural events are an integral part of the city's calendar. Many visitors come to the well-known Krampus run in winter .

In summer there are numerous mountain tours and hikes, a swimming pool and a swimming lake. A popular excursion destination is the Liechtenstein Gorge, a few kilometers from St. Johann .

The Geisterberg children's adventure park is located on the 1787  m high Gernkogel , which can be reached from the Alpendorf district with the gondola lift and from the mountain station with the ghost train. Part of the facility is the ghost tower on the summit of the Gernkogel, a 14 m high transmission tower that was encased in 2014 with two viewing platforms .

energy

St. Johann im Pongau is one of the 24 municipalities in Austria (as of 2019) that have received the highest award of the e5 municipal energy project. The e5 community project aims to promote the implementation of a modern energy and climate policy at community level.

traffic

The place is connected to the railway network in the country. It has a historic station building with a multi-track through station.

A long-distance bus line connects St. Johann with neighboring towns.

Finally, a section of the Tauern Cycle Path leads along the south bank of the Salzach .

Three bridges are available for pedestrian and car traffic across the river. On the southern outskirts of the town is the city ​​bridge built in 2006/2007 with a length of 72 meters. The Vormarkt Bridge , built in 1914/1915, is more in the city center . It is a stone arch bridge with a wrought iron railing. A sandstone stele was set up above each abutment containing the name of the bridge, the year of construction and the details of the last renovation (1992/93).

Culture and sights

  • Catholic parish church of St. Johann im Pongau hl. John the Baptist: 924 first documentary mention of a church at this point. Today's church building is a reconstruction from 1855, after the great market fire: neo-Gothic with a tower, which collapsed in 1871. The church was rebuilt in the same style, but with two towers. The neo-Gothic altars house several late Gothic figures. The church represents a major work of ecclesiastical architecture in the Alpine region. It is popularly known as the "Pongau Cathedral". This name is explained by the size and shape of the building, but not by its history, as the parish church was never a bishopric.
  • Annakapelle : Located to the left of the “Dom”, it is the only Gothic sacred building in St. Johann that was spared from the great fire in 1855. The Anna Chapel is characterized by two special features: First, it is a two-story church. Since the original building from the 9th century was slowly covered by soil, a second floor (the church space used today) was added around 1340. Second, from 1980 onwards, the Anna chapel was renovated by the Roman Catholic parish and the Protestant parish at a shared cost and is used by both religious communities for church services.
  • Friedenskirche Hochgründeck at Heinrich-Kiener-Haus on Hochgründeck; modern wooden chapel
  • Ginau mountain church in Ginau ; neo-Gothic votive chapel
  • Memorial site with monuments and graves of the victims of the Markt Pongau prisoner of war camp (STALAG) from the Nazi era in Reinbach (accessible via B311) - Guided tours of the so-called 'Russenfriedhof' are usually offered by the History Workshop Association on the first Sunday of each month. The information steles there were commissioned by the artist Karl Hartwig Kaltner.
  • Arthurstollen : A mining historical monument is the Arthurstollen, a prehistoric mine with extensive shaft systems for the former copper mining; numerous wood, support and metal finds. For safety reasons, visiting the gallery is currently prohibited by the authorities (as of 2015). A visit to the moated castle at the entrance (from the time it was used as a water pipe) is possible.
  • Liechtenstein Gorge: a 4000 m long and 300 m deep gorge created by the “Grossarler Ache”; Natural monument.
  • The non-profit association kultur: plattform , founded in 2005 following a resolution by the local council, offers a comprehensive program from various branches of contemporary culture all year round. The program includes classical, jazz and rock concerts, readings by authors, panel discussions on social and cultural topics, workshops, exhibitions and self-produced events in the field of children's culture and cultural education. The highlights include the Autumn Noise Festival, a "festival of musical diversity" in September, as well as the St. Johann Spoken Word Days , to which the best poetry slammers in the country are invited every year shortly before Easter, including the current ones State champions. Kultur: plattform is a member of the umbrella organization of Salzburg's cultural sites, cooperates with several partners, produces various media formats (radio broadcasts and video reports) and currently has an eight-person board and a full-time cultural worker.
  • The public book booth in the city center is also operated and maintained by Kultur: plattform .
  • Since the 1980s, private individuals and cultural associations (for example the former Spektrum cultural association and its currently active successor, culture: plattform ) have been organizing top-class author readings with free admission under the motto "free access to free speech". The meanwhile numerous guests have so far included, for example, HC Artmann and Friedrich Achleitner, Manfred Baumann, Alois Brandstetter, Thomas Glavinic, Jan Kossdorff, Kurt Palm, Teresa Präauer, Michael Stavaric, Cornelia Travnicek, Gerlinde Weinmüller and many more.
  • The culture and congress center serves as a large event venue that is used for cabaret evenings and concerts, for example.
  • The history workshop. Association for contemporary history and regional culture of remembrance is dedicated to the processing of St. Johann's contemporary history and also organizes the laying of so-called stumbling blocks, i.e. memorial stones for victims of Nazi crimes based on an idea by artist Gunter Demnig.
  • There is a five-screen cinema from the Dieselkino chain in the village .

Sports

Personalities

literature

  • Albert Kohlbegger: Chronicle of St. Johann im Pongau. 2nd edition 1983, publication by the city of St. Johann.
  • Gerhard Moser (ed.): City book St. Johann im Pongau. Publication by the city of St. Johann, 2005.

Web links

Commons : St. Johann im Pongau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  2. Goes back to August Prinzinger, for example: Findings about the inspection of the Radstädter Tauern, Pongau side, to the elevation of the train of the Roman road and its memorials. in: MGSLK 21, 1881, pp. 80-89.
  3. a b c d Kurt Klein  (arr.): Historical local dictionary . Statistical documentation on population and settlement history. Ed .: Vienna Institute of Demography [VID] d. Austrian Academy of Sciences . Salzburg , St. Johann im Pongau , S.  71 f . ( Online document , explanations . Suppl . ; both PDF - oD [updated] Ortschaft St. Johann im Pongau p. 72).
  4. Klein : Historical local dictionary . Ed .: VID. Salzburg , St. Johann im Pongau (Pongau) district , p. 58 ( online document - oD [update]).
  5. a b Klein : Historical local dictionary . Ed .: VID. Salzburg , Former courts of the Archbishopric of Salzburg: St. Johann , S. 9 ( online document - oD [updated] and former judicial district St. Johann im Pongau , p. 59).
  6. Franz Ortner: The fight against the female orders (1938-1945), shown using the example of the Hallein school sisters. In: State and Church in the "Ostmark". Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1998, pp. 237-280.
  7. a b Halleiner Sisters Franciscan Sisters halleiner-schwestern.net;
    Hallein Sisters Franciscan Sisters kulturgueter.kath-orden.at;
    Chronicle of the Elisabethinum elisabethinum.ac.at.
  8. Adalbert Mueller . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  9. a b Hans Kappacher . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  10. ^ Leo Neumayer . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  11. Josef Dengg . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  12. Günther Mitterer . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  13. Namely when the exact patron was forgotten.
  14. Lit. Stadtbuch St. Johann im Pongau , chapter Little Church History , p. 150.
  15. ^ Geisterberg. on bergfex.at.
  16. News 2014/15 in the Alpendorf ski area, archived April 17th, 2015 ( Memento from April 17th, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ Viewing platform at the summit, on mein district.at from September 15, 2014, accessed on March 20, 2015.
  18. e5 communities in Austria as of March 2019
  19. this bridge information taken from my own photos ( user: 44Penguins ); can be uploaded if necessary. Status: May 2017.
  20. Vormarktbrücke at www.sn.at , accessed on December 9, 2019.
  21. autumnlaerm.at. Retrieved June 6, 2020 .
  22. culture: platform. Retrieved June 6, 2020 .
  23. History workshop St. Johann / Pg. Retrieved June 6, 2020 .