Nassenerfurth Castle

Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′ 30 ″  N , 9 ° 15 ′ 46 ″  E

Nassenerfurth Castle​

Hesse

The Nassenerfurth Castle , also called Baumbachsches Schloss , is located in the east of the village complex of Nassenerfurth , a district of Borken in the Schwalm-Eder district in North Hesse . It stands on the site of a moated castle built in the 14th century and destroyed in 1485 at 183 m above sea level and is still surrounded by moats today. The complex consists of three larger wings that are angled and roughly semicircular flanking an inner courtyard open to the east, a stair tower and a spacious outer bailey with commercial and residential buildings.

history

The coat of arms of the wooden nobility , first documented owner of the previous moated castle

It is not known when the original moated castle was built. It is mentioned for the first time in 1338 when the brothers Eberhard, Widerold and Konrad von Hohenberg, called Holzadel , sons of Hermann called Holtzsatel from "Erpherde" ( Trocken- or Nassenerfurth ), are named as owners of a Homberg castle fiefdom in Nassenerfurth. In 1400 it is reported that a bower and an apartment in Nassenerfurth were burned. This was done apparently in the wake of the protracted war between Kurmainz that one in wet Erfurth Vorwerk has and the Landgrave of Hesse ; Archbishop Johann von Mainz took on the brothers Heinrich and Henne Holzsadel as Burgmannen in Fritzlar with 20 guilders in the same year as compensation for the damage caused to their family. Renewed lendings to the wooden aristocracy by the landgraves with a house, castle seat and property in Nassenerfurth are documented in 1437 and up to 1491.

Nassenerfurth Castle

Nassenerfurth Castle, south side

Nassenerfurth Castle, east side

1485 the House of wooden needle to wet Erfurth in the Landgrave wars was destroyed again, and in 1516 sold Sinziger bailiff Werner wooden needle the castle and Hofreite to the family of the von Wildungen , which then also of Landgraf I. Philip were invested with it. In 1538, Landgrave Philipp enfeoffed his Ministerial Job von Schrendeisen with the castle and village of Nassenerfurth, which he had inherited through his mother Elisabeth von Wildungen. His sons sold the castle in 1590 to Philipp Wilhelm von Cornberg , the illegitimate son of Landgrave Wilhelm IV , who sold it to his half-brother, Landgrave Moritz , in 1594 . In 1598 he enfeoffed Asmus von Baumbach with the castle and the village. The loan to the Baumbachs was repeatedly renewed, and the castle remained private property of the family until the early 1990s.

Asmus von Baumbach had a new castle with a three-story massive main building built on the site of the old castle, including the remains of it, and a pleasure garden to the east behind it . The large commercial building was built in 1622. During the Thirty Years' War , the castle was looted and devastated by troops of the Catholic League on September 7, 1631 , and was visited a second time by Polish troops in 1636 . After the end of the war, the complex was restored and over the course of the following two centuries additional residential and farm buildings were added.

The attachment

The core of the palace complex is the main castle, which consists of three large, three-story, roughly semicircular angled buildings connected to one another. It was built around 1600 and is surrounded by walled moats that are partially silted up on the north side. From the outer bailey in the west a two-arched stone bridge leads over the moat to the main gate in the middle of the west side.

The gate passage with the Renaissance portal in the narrow, three-storey gate building made of plastered quarry stone with corner cuboids is arched in a rectangular frame. The vestments and frame pilasters of the portal are made of flat rustics , the pilasters with Tuscan capitals and obelisks above . The gussets are decorated with medallions . Above the portal is a coupled twin window on three consoles ; to the right and left of it are two ornamental stones with fittings that crown the portal .

The three-storey, massive living and main wing of the palace is located south of the gateway. It is divided into four axes on the (eastern) side of the courtyard and three on the southern gable side. On the irregularly structured west side, only the window arrangement is used for structuring. The windows are single or coupled twin windows. The three-storey north wing adjoining the gate to the north is solid on the ground floor and on the first floor in the southern half, otherwise it is made of timber . The northeast wing adjoins it at an almost right angle to the northeast, with a massive ground floor and two upper floors made of half-timbered buildings. The half-timbered parts of the two wings date from shortly after 1800. On the courtyard side, these two wings are decorated with base cornices.

At an angle of North and Northeast wing is located on the yard side a four-storey polygonal stairs tower with rubble masonry , Eckquaderungen and Sockelgesims, the three sides of an octagon herauskragt and its three upper floors by circulating cornice with cornice is decorated profile. On the south side is the entrance with the year 1600 between two putti heads above the Gothic shoulder arch portal . A cornice-shaped cornice with a tooth cut runs above the portal ; on it, between the Hermenpilaster and the triangular gable and framed with volutes, there is a double coat of arms of the von Baumbach and the Schutzbar called Milchling . The stair tower and the two adjoining wings belong to a common building concept, and from the height of the stone stair tower one can conclude that the two wings of the building may originally have had upper floors made of stone or significantly more representative half-timbering.

The entrance to the bailey in the west is a pointed arch portal with the year 1515 at the top. To the south of this there is a house built or renovated in 1662 with a massive ground floor and half-timbered upper floor, to the north a 50 m long, massive two-storey barn with half-timbered upper storey and courtyard-side wooden gallery. The year 1622 can be found on a window on the outside.

Todays use

Main entrance (2008)

The castle has stood empty for more than 40 years since the late 1950s. The lands belonging to the moated castle were sold to PreussenElektra in the mid-1950s , which operated the mining of lignite for the power station in Borken. PreussenElektra supplied the ditches of the castle with water in order to keep the oak piles on which the castle was built, damp and stable.

The community of heirs of Baumbach of the Nassenerfurth line, whose headquarters was the castle, sold the property in the early 1990s to Schloss Hirschrain GmbH, which took its seat on the moated castle and renamed it "Schloss Hirschrain". The main and ancillary buildings were repaired. The "Schweizerhaus", once inhabited by the "Schweizer", the medieval job title of those responsible for the livestock, especially the cattle, and the main building were completely renovated and rebuilt with authentic materials inside and outside and with new supply technology. The missing tower structure above the Renaissance entrance was created according to a design in close cooperation with the monument protection authority. In 1993, Václav Havel presented the company’s general representative with two reclining, life-size stone stags made of Czech sandstone, which had been made at the Prague School of Art. They were placed right and left on the side walls of the stone bridge to the entrance and stand for the name “Hirschrain Castle”. The renovation work turned out to be very difficult because the mining resulted in lowering of the groundwater and therefore also in the south-western area of ​​the main building; here a steel frame was built into the building to stabilize the structure. The silted-up moat was completely dredged in 2004 and a new, 12.5-meter-long, free-span bridge made of oak beams was built over the moat on the east side. From the beginning of the 2000s, a private investor took part in the rest of the renovation work. In 2002, she took over the moated castle from Schloss Hirschrain GmbH and since then both have continued care and maintenance together.

Today the castle is in private use. Today, a hotel has been set up in the Schweizerhaus, and weddings are held in the main building in a branch of the registry office of the city of Borken. Parts of the building and the site can be rented for private events.

The director Otto Kulka and the actress Bettina Hauenschild have lived in Nassenerfurth Castle since May 1, 2018 . Since then they have called it "Hirschgarten Castle".

Notes and individual references

1. ↑ from Siebmacher's Wappenbuch - sheet 142
2. ↑ The Vorwerk belonged to the Mainz St. Johannis Foundation and was given to Mainz feudal lords. in: Werner Ide: From Adorf to Zwesten , p. 89
3. ^ Job von Schrendeisen was the eldest son of the Kassel mayor Hiob Schrendeisen and his wife Elisabeth von Wildungen. From 1526 to 1538 he was landgrave rent master in Homberg and was raised to the imperial nobility by Emperor Karl V at the Augsburg Reichstag on July 22, 1530. See Job (Job) Schrendeißen ( memento from March 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
4. ↑ The village of Nassenerfurth, on the other hand, was drafted by King Jérôme Bonaparte during the time of the Kingdom of Westphalia and has been state property ever since.
5. ↑ Photo of the double coat of arms
6. ↑ Acting stars turn Wasserschloss Nassenerfurth into a big stage. Retrieved March 16, 2020 .  , on hna.de
7. ^ Wedding room in Hirschgarten Castle. Retrieved March 16, 2020 .  , on borken-hessen.de
8. ↑ Borken-Nassenerfurth - Open Day. Retrieved March 16, 2020 .  , on osthessen-news.de

Web links

Commons : Schloss Nassenerfurth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Schloss Nassenerfurth in the wiki of the project “Renaissance castles in Hessen” at the Germanic National Museum
• Nassenerfurth Castle, Schwalm-Eder district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of June 6, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on February 1, 2016 . 
• Photo: Gate of the outer bailey
• Stefan Grathoff Nassenerfurth in the castle lexicon

literature

• Werner Ide: From Adorf to Zwesten: Local history paperback for the Fritzlar-Homberg district. Bernecker, Melsungen 1972, pp. 148-150.
• August Bitter: The moated castle at Nassenerfurth. In: Hessischer Gebirgsbote . No. 90, 1989, No. 2, pp. 61-62.
• August Bitter: The moated castle at Nassenerfurth. In: Chronicle 950 years of Nassenerfurth. Contributions to local history in texts and pictures. Edited by the festival committee 950 years of Nassenerfurth. Borken-Nassenerfurth 1990, pp. 77-81.
• Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hesse: 800 castles, castle ruins and castle sites. 3. Edition. Wartberg, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , pp. 97-98.
• Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 57.