Castle church Köpenick
| Castle church Köpenick | |
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_Portalseite.jpg) Portal page |
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| Construction year: | 1682 |
| Architect : | Johann Arnold Nering |
| Location: | 52 ° 26 '37 " N , 13 ° 34' 25.8" E |
| Address: | Alt-Köpenick 1 Berlin , Germany |
| Purpose: | evangelical reformed; church service |
| Local community: | Reformed castle parish in Köpenick |
| Website: | www.schlosskirche-koepenick.de |
The castle church in today's Berlin district of Köpenick in the Treptow-Köpenick district , a baroque central building with an approximately square floor plan and three-sided choir closure , was built from 1682 to 1685 based on designs by Johann Arnold Nering . Together with the flanking former farm buildings and the castle opposite, it is a listed building as a whole .
history
The origin of the Köpenick settlement at the confluence of the Dahme and Spree rivers dates back to the Middle Ages. At least since the 9th century, a rose here Castle of sprevane . In 1209 a castle is documented in margravial possession. Instead of the medieval castle, Elector Joachim II had a hunting lodge built in 1558 . In 1669 Friedrich Wilhelm had given office and castle Köpenick to his two sons, the Brandenburg electoral prince Karl Emil and his younger brother Friedrich. In 1677, after the death of his brother, Friedrich initiated the construction of a new castle based on a design by Rutger von Langerfeld . Since 1679 the electoral prince resided in Köpenick with his first wife Elisabeth Henriette von Hessen-Kassel . Initially the old hunting lodge remained the residence because the new palace was not yet ready for occupancy. In 1688 Friedrich, who later became the first Prussian King Friedrich I , succeeded his father and gave up Köpenick as his residence .
The construction of the castle church was not part of the original plan. In 1682 Nering took over the planning and execution of the buildings. He changed the plans and envisaged a building wing oriented towards the city with Langerfeld's castle as a side wing. From 1682 he had the second wing with the palace chapel built east of the palace courtyard . The central wing of the palace complex, which was elevated by a dome, never got beyond the foundations, after 1693 work on it was stopped. Princess Elisabeth Henriette attended the laying of the foundation stone of the palace chapel; she did not live to see the inauguration on January 6, 1685. The house of Hohenzollern or the State of Prussia and its successors remained the owners of the church . The Reformed community was founded in June 1684 by Germans and Dutch at the court of Prince Elector Friedrich. She has been using the castle church for her services since its inauguration until today. At first, the community consisted primarily of rulers and servants who were related to the court of the electoral prince. Later found Huguenots from France, sold Reformed Christians from the Palatinate , as well as from Bohemia and Moravia and immigrants from Switzerland and Poland in the castle church community a home.
In 1973/1974 the church was extensively restored.
In addition to the worship services, the chapel is also used for concerts.
Building description
The facade of the castle church forms the central projection between the two side projections of the single-storey service wing. It lies in the main axis of the palace complex. The corner buildings of the symmetrically laid out farm buildings are oriented towards the south and north pavilions of the palace.
Exterior construction
The masonry is plastered, the decorative and dividing parts are made of sandstone . The symmetrical three-axis facade is structured by pilasters , the capitals have volutes . Light falls into the interior of the church through two of the three high arched windows on the front and two at the end of the choir . The window above the squat portal with its roof is hidden inside by the organ . The pediment of the portal will double consoles supported between them there is a frieze with leaf ornament . The tympanum contains a medallion with a crown flanked by angel heads . Two allegorical sandstone figures rest on the sloping gable : Faith and Love . Above the main cornice of the church facade is a high attic with sculptures by Balthasar Permoser , frontally the evangelists Matthew , Mark , Luke and John , flanked by Moses and his brother, the high priest Aaron . The curved pyramid roof carries an octagonal wooden lantern , which is closed off with a tail hood , chin and cross. The roof was originally supposed to be covered with copper sheeting , but it was covered with slate . It was not until the most recent restoration in the late 1990s that a copper covering was applied.
inner space
_Kanzel.jpg)
The walls and ceiling are covered with classical stucco made by Italian sculptors. The wall decoration consists of fluted double pilasters with bases made of sandstone and Corinthian capitals . Small boxes are set into the wall surfaces on the long sides . They are drawn into groups of three between the windows in the east. Above it is a wide entablature with acanthus frieze , tooth cut and egg stick , which supports the coffered ceiling in the form of a barrel vault that merges into the stitch caps of the three-sided east end. The pilasters continue in belt-like friezes in the vault, in between the cassettes are decorated with acanthus rosettes . In front of the central vault cap above the pulpit , a marble bust of the Elector Princess Elisabeth Henriette is integrated into the stucco. The bust, probably designed by Johann Michael Döbel, is held by two putti , while a third with the electoral crown hovers over it. The mansions were originally located on the wooden gallery , which took up the entire width of the west wall .
Furnishing
Divine services in Reformed churches are simple, without religious representations. The figurative stucco elements are due to the function as a court church . When worship of the Reformed standing sermon and the pulpit at the center. A simple table serves as the altar . The cup-shaped, partly gilded wooden pulpit covered with acanthus decor stands on an octagonal base. The also octagonal sound cover is crowned with a large simple cross. To the left of the pulpit is the epitaph of Princess Henriette Marie von Brandenburg-Schwedt, who was buried here in 1782. To the right of the pulpit is the octagonal baptism from 1873 made of artificial stone , it carries a silver bowl. The church stalls were removed in 1973/1974 and replaced by simple chairs. Friedrich Wilhelm IV donated the two brass candlesticks to the church in 1857. The community had two more candlesticks built in 2001. The three bronze bells donated in 1684 were melted down during the First World War . Of the three bells newly cast by Lauchhammer Kunstguss GmbH & Co KG in 1926, one has been preserved after repeated delivery during the Second World War.
organ
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The classicist organ brochure from 1846 comes from Carl August Buchholz . The organ itself was rebuilt in 1987 by the organ building company Mitteldeutscher Orgelbau A. Voigt . The purely mechanical instrument has 14 registers on two manuals and a pedal.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments (volume Berlin). Munich / Berlin 2006.
- Gerhard Vinken: The castle church in Berlin-Köpenik. Munich / Berlin 2002.
- Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin: Berlin and its buildings. Part 6: Sacred buildings. Ernst, Berlin a. a. 1997, ISBN 3-433-01016-1 .
- Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger: 100 buildings in Berlin. Berlin 1997.
- Ernst Badstübner , Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger: Churches in Berlin. Berlin 1987.
- Institute for Monument Preservation: The architectural and art monuments in the GDR - capital Berlin II. Berlin 1987, pp. 280–282.
- Günther Kühne, Elisabeth Stephani: Evangelical churches in Berlin. Berlin 1978.
- Stefanie Leibetseder: Reformed and international. The Köpenick Castle Church within the church architecture of the late 17th century . In: Mathis Leibetseder and Lothar Lambacher (eds.): Kreuzwege. The Hohenzollern and denominations 1517-1540 [exh. Cat. Berlin 2017]. Berlin 2017, p. 140-149 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The architectural and art monuments ...
- ↑ Events in the Schlosskirche Köpenick on musikinkirchen.de
- ↑ More information about the concerts and the organ in the castle church