Beheading of St. John (Koblenz)
The parish church of St. Johannes Beheading is a Catholic church in Koblenz . A first parish church was built around 1204 in the Metternich district . The current church building dates from 1914–1916. The special thing about the church is that it has two steeples . She bears the patronage after the beheading of St. John the Baptist .
history
The parish church of St. John Beheading in Metternich has been rebuilt three times since the 13th century. The first church building was mentioned for the first time in 1204 in a deed of donation to the Lords of Isenburg. Today's west tower dates from this time. Since 1379 the parish has been occupied alternately by the Lords of Isenburg and the Cistercian Abbey of Marienstatt . The late Romanesque church building was still in very good condition when it was visited in 1656, but collapsed in 1821/1822. It was canceled in 1824. The three-aisled, three-bay pillar basilica was an example of gallery churches with a west tower and a flat, vaulted choir with a wood-covered central nave on the Middle Rhine , as they were built several times in the second half of the 12th century. In 1823 Karl Friedrich Schinkel drafted a blueprint for a new church building. A three-aisled hall church was built from 1828 to 1830 according to plans by Ferdinand Nebel .
The current church building was built between 1914 and 1916 according to the plans of the Koblenz architects Huch & Grefges . He is replacing the building from the 19th century, as it had become too small. The foundation stone was laid on July 12, 1914. Even after the outbreak of the First World War , the construction of the church continued and in August 1915 the benediction was celebrated. The Romanesque tower, which was repaired in 1914, was integrated into the new church building, which received a new bell tower on the northeast side . The orientation of the church was rotated by 90 degrees. The interior was completed by 1919.
The church was renovated from 1982 to 1984, the capitals and ornaments in the choir arch were given a gold-luster silver plating and the floor made of travertine and limestone was renewed. It received a new interior painting in 2003. Due to the undercutting of the foundations of the old tower, which has started to lean, they were renewed by 2008. In January 2015, the church had to be closed because the stability of the roof structure is endangered by an infestation of rodent beetles . The diocese of Trier has approved funds for the renovation, which should be completed by the end of 2015.
Construction and equipment
Outside
The parish church of St. John Beheading is a neo - baroque three - aisled basilica with a late Romanesque tower in the west and another bell tower in the northeast, as well as a wide transept and a semicircular closing choir. It is oriented to the north and lies in the gently sloping terrain above street level. The west tower made of quarry stone has four undivided storeys with slotted windows. The bell chamber with corner pilasters and two-part, round-arched sound openings adjoins a cornice . The tower is curiously cross-vaulted under the bell chamber on the fourth floor . The neo-baroque bell tower is arranged as a counterpoint to the medieval west tower and takes up its motif. The shaft is not articulated, only the top bell storey is articulated with pilaster strips and the arched sound opening.
The plastered building with saddle roofs is structured by Doric pilasters and a surrounding entablature . The three portals of the church can be reached via a wide staircase on the main facade . The main portal in the middle has a triangular pediment with a relief of the Holy Trinity in the tympanum . Including the psalm words “DEUS IN LOCO SANCTO SUO” ( Psalm 67: God in his holy place) and in the Keilstein the years “AD MCMXIV - MCMXV” (1914–1915). The base is made of rubble stones.
Inside
The interior with a vault from Rabitz shows itself as a pillar basilica with a nave with three bays , a wide transept and a retracted choir. The room was designed with three altars in mind. The walls made of plastered brickwork are structured by pilasters with volute capitals that support belt arches . The choir is highlighted by a fluted triumphal arch . The neo-baroque windows from the time it was built show a variety of stained glass .
The baroque high altar comes from the Barbarakirche in Koblenz, which was demolished in 1930. There it was donated by the canon Johann Wilhelm Fuxius, canon of the St. Florin monastery, who died in 1737 . The high altar is a large wooden structure, restored in 1919, with pillars, heavy entablature and explosive gable . In the center is an oil painting of St. John the Baptist (copy of a picture by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo ) created by Peter Hecker . In the upper area there is a wooden sculpture of the Holy Trinity, on the sides there are large wooden figures of Saints Francis Xavier and Margaretha as well as the insignificant and older figures of Augustine and an abbess standing slightly outside.
The cup-shaped baptismal font made of basalt lava with acanthus on top was created in 1705. Next to it, another baptismal font made of light sandstone with a flat, wide bowl and a brass water basin . The pulpit with hexagonal pulpit and sound cover from the 17th century probably comes from the Koblenz Carmelite Church and shows depictions of the Salvator and the evangelists Markus , Lukas and Johannes in good inlay .
In the right transverse arm is the so-called war altar, which was created after the First World War and was created by the Lützel sculptor Georgschichtel . It shows a dying soldier in his mother's arms, who is blessed by Christ in the mandorla . On the right a woman with child looks up praying.
In the sacristy there are neo-baroque sacristy cabinets and confessionals that were brought to the church from a saint's house nearby in 1923, as well as a Vespers picture from the early 15th century.
Late Romanesque west tower
Bell tower on the northeast side
War altar and the font
pulpit
organ
The organ was built in 1933/34 by the workshop of the Boppard organ builder Christian Gerhardt and Sons. It bears the number 120 in the organ builder's catalog raisonné. The organ has 2 manuals and a pedal with 21 stops and is equipped with a pneumatic control . On a console in the middle of the organ is the expansive figure of John the Baptist with a standard from the middle of the 18th century.
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Pairing :
- Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
- Super octave coupling: I.
- Sub-octave coupling: II / I
- Playing aids : roll sills , 1 free combination , 4 fixed combinations (Piano, Mezzoforte, Forte, Tutti), tongues off, piano pedal, roll sills on
Bells
The following two bells hang in the bell tower :
- Annaglocke (g), created in 1617 by bell founder Weigandt Arnold
- Johannesglocke (f), created in 1657 by bell founder Jakob Gromel, torn in 2007
Rectory
This also listed rectory is a two-storey geschlämmter brick building with Gothic Revival details. It was erected behind the church in 1889. The middle of the five axes were highlighted like a risk. The building with a gable and a hipped roof made of slate has pointed arched windows with ridges in the middle, the other windows are provided with grooved frames. The wall surfaces are structured by plinths , corner pilasters and beams.
Parish community
The Beheading of St. John is part of the " Koblenz (Metternich) parish community ", which also includes St. Konrad in Metternich , St. Servatius in Güls and St. Mauritius in Rübenach .
Monument protection
The parish church of St. Johannes Beheading is a protected cultural monument according to the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and entered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in Koblenz-Metternich at Oberdorfstrasse 16 .
See also
literature
- Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz. (Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt)
- Volume 1: From the beginning to the end of the electoral era. Theiss, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8062-0876-X .
- Volume 2: From the French city to the present. Theiss, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8062-1036-5 .
- Fritz Michel : The churches of the city of Koblenz (The church monuments of the city of Koblenz. The art monuments of the Rhine province, 20th volume, 1st department) , Düsseldorf 1937
- Fritz Michel: The art monuments of the city of Koblenz. The profane monuments and the suburbs , Munich Berlin 1954, (Die Kunstdenkmäler von Rheinland-Pfalz, first volume).
- Ulrike Weber (edit.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.3: City of Koblenz. Districts. Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .
Web links
- Parish community Koblenz-Metternich
- St. Johann in: regionalgeschichte.net
Individual evidence
- ↑ Insect gnaws at the entablature: St. John's Church currently closed in: Rhein-Zeitung , January 14, 2015
- ^ Parish community Koblenz (Metternich) in: Diocese of Trier
- ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - district-free city of Koblenz (PDF; 1.5 MB), Koblenz 2013
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 '55 " N , 7 ° 32' 54.3" E