Strumica (city)

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Strumica
Strumitsa
Strumica coat of arms
Strumica (city) (North Macedonia)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
Region : southeast
Municipality : Strumica
Coordinates : 41 ° 26 '  N , 22 ° 38'  E Coordinates: 41 ° 26 '0 "  N , 22 ° 38' 0"  E
Height : 256  m. i. J.
Area (Opština) : 321.49  km²
Residents : 36,920 (2016)
Inhabitants (Opština) : 57,175 (2016)
Population density : 178 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+389) 034
Postal code : 2400
License plate : SR
Structure and administration
Structure : 25 localities
Mayor : Kosta Janevski ( SDSM )
Website :

Strumica ( Cyrillic Струмица , Greek Στρούμιτσα Stroúmitsa , Turkish Ustrumca ) is a city in southeastern North Macedonia near the border with Bulgaria and Greece . Strumica is also the capital of the Opština of the same name .

population

According to an estimate from 2016, the population of the city is 36,920, 57,175 people live in the Opština of the same name.

history

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Only two short areas in the entire paragraph are occupied - DeepBlueDanube ( discussion ) 8:45 p.m., Mar 2. 2015 (CET)

In ancient times the city was called Astraion . It was incorporated into the Roman Empire between the 1st and 2nd centuries AD . At that time the city was called Tiveriopol . From the year 362, during the reign of the Roman emperor Julian and the persecution of Christians initiated by him, the “Holy Fifteen Tiverioler Martyrs” have been handed down. In the following time the region was ravaged by raids by the Goths .

From the 5th century the region was affected by raids by Slavs and Avars , with the former also settling in Macedonia . It is not known whether Tiveriopol, like other ancient cities in the region ( Stobi , Pautalia ), was destroyed by them and then abandoned.

In the 8th century the city became part of the First Bulgarian Empire and got its Slavic name Strumica, after the river of the same name. After the end of the First Bulgarian Empire in 1018, Strumica became the seat of the bishopric of the newly created Archdiocese of Ohrid . In the following centuries the region was disputed between Bulgarians, Byzantines and Serbs as well as the Kingdom of Thessaloniki , but local rulers like Alexius Slaw were also able to assert themselves .

Later Strimica became part of the despotate Welbaschd and under Konstantin Dragaš , who had become a vassal of the Ottoman Empire after the Battle of the Mariza (1371) . After the battle of Ankara around 1402, when the Ottomans suffered a heavy defeat, the despot of Welbaschd Jusuf rebelled and was then able to restore the despotate within its old borders. Around 1427/28, at the latest in autumn 1431, however, the principality was again Ottoman and within its borders the Sandschak Kjustendil was established, one of the largest in the Ottoman province of Rumelia .

Under the rule of the Ottomans, the city was called Ostromdscha and was the center of a Kaza . According to an Ottoman tax register ( Defter ), Ustrumja had 2780 inhabitants in 1519. 1450 of them were Christians and 1330 Muslims. A description of Ustrumjas from the high Ottoman period (16th / 17th century) can be found in the “travel book” (Seyahatnâme) of the Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi . He noted that the former fortress was abandoned and that the city consisted of 2,400 one and two-story houses.

Stamp of the Eparchy Strumica from 1901

In the course of the Tanzimat reforms of 1856, a Bulgarian parish was formed in the 1860s. In 1870 the first New Bulgarian school was opened in the city. In 1895 a revolutionary committee of the BMARK was founded in Strumica . In 1897 the city became the seat of an eparchy and a metropolitan of the Bulgarian Exarchate by a decree of the Sultan ( Berât ) . The first Bulgarian metropolitan was Gerasim von Strumica . In 1900 the city had 10,160 inhabitants.

After six hundred years of belonging to the Ottoman Empire, Strumica was taken during the First Balkan War on October 21, 1912 by the Rila Division of the Bulgarian Army . As a result of the Bucharest Peace Treaty , it fell to Bulgaria in 1913 and in the same year became the center of an administrative district ( Bulgarian Струмишки административен окръг ).

After the First World War , Bulgaria had to cede other areas (→ Former Bulgarian Western Territories ) to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (from 1929 Kingdom of Yugoslavia ) under the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine Strumica . The traditionally close social, economic and cultural ties to the Petrich area , which continued to belong to Bulgaria, were retained. During the Second World War, Strumica was again part of Bulgaria between 1941 and 1944.

Monument "Macedonia", dedicated to the former Macedonian President Boris Trajkovski

After the end of World War II , Strumica was assigned to the Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia . As a result of the political break between Tito's Yugoslavia and the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc in 1948, the border with Bulgaria was closed. The traditionally close relationships were largely interrupted. The city has been part of the independent Macedonia since 1992.

During the Kosovo war in 1999, the city was used as a base by the 1st and 2nd German KFOR contingents, especially the barracks in the west of the city , including the associated area of ​​the Macedonian army . Due to its proximity to the Greek border , Strumica was an obvious choice, as the stationed supply battalion frequently transported goods and equipment arriving from the port in Thessaloniki .

Sports

The city is home to two football teams, FK Belasica, founded in 1922, and FK Tiverija, founded in 1923. In March 2011, one was in Strumica Vorqualifikationsturnier for the European Football Championship Women 2013 held.

sons and daughters of the town

Others

"This is Ostromdscha", illustration for Karl Mays In den Schluchten des Balkans by Peter Schnorr, 1908

As the Eastern Dscha, the city and its surroundings are the setting for the novels In the Gorges of the Balkans and Through the Land of the Skipetars by Karl May .

Web links

Commons : Strumica  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Општина Струмица, Natural features. ( Memento of the original from December 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.strumica.gov.mk
  2. ↑ Macedonia: Statistical Regions & Settlements - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information. Retrieved April 15, 2018 .
  3. ^ Archaeological-epigraphic communications from Austria-Hungary . tape 9-12 . C. Gerold's Sohn, 1885, p. 84 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ^ Leonhard Schultze-Jena : Macedonia landscape and culture images . Verlag Gustav Fischer, 1927, p. 217 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  5. ↑ Jordan Vančev: Новобългарската просвета в Македония през Възраждането. 1982, pp. 94-95.
  6. ^ Almanac Macedonia , 1931
  7. ↑ Violeta Periklieva: Religious Landscapes at the Border. The case of the border regions of Petrich, Bulgaria and Strumica, Macedonia. In: Lena Mirošević u. a .: Landscape in Southeastern Europe. Lit Verlag, Vienna / Zurich 2018, p. 130.
  8. ↑ Violeta Periklieva: Religious Landscapes at the Border. The case of the border regions of Petrich, Bulgaria and Strumica, Macedonia. In: Lena Mirošević u. a .: Landscape in Southeastern Europe. Lit Verlag, Vienna / Zurich 2018, p. 130.