Thürmsdorf
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Thürmsdorf
Struppen municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 55 ″ N , 14 ° 3 ′ 0 ″ E
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| Height : | 200 m above sea level NN | |
| Residents : | 372 | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1994 | |
| Postal code : | 01796 | |
| Area code : | 035020 | |
Location of Thürmsdorf in Saxony |
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Thürmsdorf is a district of Struppen in the district of Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge in Saxony . Thürmsdorf is a state-approved resort and has the status of a locality within the municipality .
geography
Thürmsdorf is located southeast of the Saxon capital Dresden in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains . The row village spreads out in the valley basin of the Behnabach , which flows through the place in an east-west direction. It is located in the east of the Struppener Ebenheit , to the left above the Elbe valley . The Pehnafall , where the stream plunges into a sandstone rock basin below the edge of the village, is the highest waterfall in Saxon Switzerland with a total drop of around 20 meters, of which around 12 meters in one piece . To the north of the corridor, the terrain rises to the up to 338 meter high plateau of the Kleiner Bärenstein , a table mountain typical of this part of the mountain range . On its south side is the Thürmsdorfer Stein, an important summit of the Saxon Switzerland climbing area with 63 ascent routes on its up to 30 meter high rock face. The lowest point of the Thürmsdorfer Flur lies in its extreme southeast on the Pehnabach, about 200 meters west of its confluence with the Elbe. The corridors around Thürmsdorf are largely used for agriculture, especially the slopes at the edge of the corridor are forested.
The defining building in the village is Thürmsdorf Castle with its park. Around one and a half kilometers southeast of Thürmsdorf, visible from many positions in the village, the striking Königstein rises with its famous fortress . From the Elbe slope near Thürmsdorf, which is called Niedere Kirchleite in this area and where there are old sandstone quarries, there is a beautiful view of Lilienstein, two kilometers to the east . Along the upper edge of the Niedere Kirchleite runs the border of the Thürmsdorf district and thus also the Struppen community to the town and district of Königstein . In the Elbe valley below the fortress and at the mouth of the Pehnabach are the Königsteiner Elbhäuser , the eastern neighbor of Thürmsdorf. In the south, on the south side of the Waldbachtal, it is also adjacent to Königsteiner Fluren. Neighboring to the west is the Struppen district with the districts Struppen-Siedlung (southwest) and Struppen or small troops . Other neighboring districts of Struppens are Naundorf in the northwest and Weißig in the northeast.
The most important road is the state road 164, which , coming from Pirna - Sonnenstein , continues over Ebenheit and Struppen in the direction of Königstein and also runs through the south of the Thürmsdorfer Flur. Bärensteinstrasse in the north of the corridor is the only public road connection in Oberrathens as district road 8734 . It connects this district on the left Elbe from Kurort Rathen via Weißig and Thürmsdorf with Struppen. Between these two streets, Thürmsdorfer Strasse opens up the Thürmsdorf location. There the streets Bärensteinweg, Spitzbergweg, Gartenweg, Am Schloßberg, Am Sonnenhang and Pehnaberg branch off from it. Via Thürmsdorfer Straße, the place is connected to the regional bus network of the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains (RVSOE) . The Malerweg is an important hiking route through Thürmsdorf.
history
The first mention of the place was in a Lehnsbrief of 1420, Friedrich consequently of Rottwerndorf alongside small forces and the Vorwerk "Termestorff" received. The spellings “Tyrmstorff”, “Tirmanstorf”, “Termansdorff” and “Tirmersdorf” can also be found in the 15th century. In the 16th and early 17th centuries "Dilmsdorf", "Tirmißdorff" and "Thirmbßdorff" are documented. The place name is of German origin. It probably means "village of an animal man" and thus refers to the first name of the locator . However, it is also possible that it is not a personal name, but refers to a man “who keeps (many) animals or deals with animals”.
Thürmsdorf may have originated as a Waldhufendorf in the 13th or 14th century . The place was and is parish in the Marienkirche in neighboring Königstein. In 1554, Thürmsdorf was under the manorial estate of Kleinstruppen. At the beginning of the 17th century there was a manor itself in Thürmsdorf, the owners of which exercised the manorial power and inheritance jurisdiction and the Thürmsdorf Castle was established as its seat. In the 15th century, the administration was initially the responsibility of Königstein , then Pirna .
On October 12th and 13th, 1756, Thürmsdorf was the scene of an attempt by the Saxon Army to break out of a Prussian army pocket during the siege near Pirna , which marked the beginning of the Seven Years' War . The Saxons, who had previously been in the camp around Struppen for weeks, wanted to unite with Austrian troops that were further east on the other side of the Elbe near Mittelndorf . In heavy rain, around 20,000 soldiers marched through Thürmsdorf towards the Elbe, where they wanted to cross a pontoon bridge. However, the Prussians gained the upper hand at Lilienstein and, after their surrender, incorporated them into their own ranks.
On the basis of the rural community order of 1838 , Thürmsdorf gained its independence as a rural community . At that time, many residents earned their income in agriculture, as Elbe boatmen or as stone crushers. Since 1875, the place was part of the Pirna administration , which was renamed the Pirna district in 1939.
From November 15, 1944 to April 2, 1945, the Königstein satellite camp existed in the forest immediately south of the Thürmsdorf corridor border . This satellite camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp was a labor camp that had been set up as part of the Nazi arms production. The prisoners had to drive tunnels into the quarry in the nearby Struppen district of Strand to build an underground factory that was supposed to produce aviation fuel under the cover name Schwalbe II . The construction management of the Todt Organization was based in Thürmsdorf Castle.
From 1952 Thürmsdorf belonged to the Pirna district . On January 1, 1973, Weißig was incorporated into Thürmsdorf . On January 1, 1994 the community merged with Struppen and Naundorf to form Struppen.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1548/54 | 14 possessed men , 6 residents |
| 1764 | 5 possessed men , 10 gardeners, 22 cottagers |
| 1834 | 375 |
| 1871 | 495 |
| 1890 | 599 |
| 1910 | 613 |
| 1925 | 548 |
| 1939 | 507 |
| 1946 | 602 |
| 1950 | 643 |
| 1964 | 521 |
| 1990 | 588 |
| 2004 | 420 |
Thürmsdorf Castle with the castle park
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The castle on the hill on the north side of the village is the manor house of the former Thürmsdorf manor, which has had numerous owners over the centuries. From the early 16th century it belonged to the Bernstein family, who came from the Bärenstein in the Eastern Ore Mountains . Walter von Bernstein owned the estate in 1548, later it passed to the von Kitscher family, who were related by marriage to the Bernsteins , and under whose aegis the manor house burned down in 1583. In the 17th century, when the forerunner of today's castle was built, the manor belonged to u. a. the von Carlowitz and von Buchner families ; a relative of the latter sold it in 1728. Heinrich Laurent Le Fèvre bought it in 1828.
Around 1900 the manor belonged to Rudolf Ritter Bradsky von Laboun, who wrote a book about the history of the manors Thürmsdorf, small troops and new troops , and under which brisk building activity began. He had the front part of the palace extensively rebuilt according to plans by the architects Schilling & Graebner . The rear part of the building was added from 1908 under Baron Erich Moritz von Biedermann, who had bought the property a year earlier. From 1908 to 1912, the royal Saxon horticultural director Max Bertram created the 3.5-hectare castle park with a pond and rose garden as his late work on von Biedermann's behalf. Today there is an old stock of valuable trees in the park, even if some were felled in the period immediately after the Second World War . There is also the bronze sculpture “Adoration” by the Norwegian sculptor Stephan Sinding (1846–1922) with approaches from the beginning Art Nouveau.
During the GDR era , the castle served as a vacation home for workers from the Schwarzheide synthesis plant . After that it was a rest home of the FDGB , and a primary school of the forestry and agriculture union had its seat there. Since the 1990s jousting games have been held at the castle during Easter; the building itself was empty. In 1997, it was bought by a private person who has had it gradually renovated since then.
Biedermann mausoleum and Thiele view
At the request of Helene Freifrau von Biedermann, the wife of Erich Moritz von Biedermann, a mausoleum for the Biedermann family was built in 1920/21 on the eastern edge of the Gutsflur, directly on the Elbe slope, according to plans by the Dresden architect Max Hans Kühne . The crypt is located under the semi-columnar rotunda made of sandstone and brick with its dome-shaped roof structure. In 1921, Helene and the Baron's mother were buried there, and finally in 1931 the Baron himself and his daughter Dominika, who died at a young age. After the mausoleum was looted several times, the remains of the four family members were reburied in the Königstein cemetery in the 1970s. As a result of vacancy, vandalism and storm damage, the building fell into disrepair. It was structurally secured in 1994/95. After a renovation funded by the federal government with 84,000 euros and by the Free State with roughly the same amount, during which the grave slabs were also reconstructed, the former mausoleum, which now belongs to the owners of Thürmsdorf Castle, was converted into a chapel with an ecumenical chapel on June 3, 2016 Consecrated blessing. The building is open to the public under the new name of the Malerweg Chapel .
The Thiele view is in the immediate vicinity. It was named after the painter Johann Alexander Thiele , who created a well-known painting of the Königstein Fortress from there. It can be assumed that Adrian Zingg also drew the view of Königstein and Lilienstein from this vantage point . Due to the dense forest vegetation on the hillside, the viewpoint was overgrown several times. However, the visual axis was cut free again in 2006 and most recently in 2016.
Cream mill
The Rahm-Mühle, once also known as Untere Behnemühle to distinguish it from the cutting mill Obere Behnemühle just above, is a watermill on the Pehnabach, first mentioned in 1583, at the eastern end of Thürmsdorf. It takes its name from the Rahm family, to whom it has belonged since 1894 and which it runs as a guesthouse. The mill equipment from the 1930s is a technical monument.
Personalities
- Richard von Friesen (1808–1884), Saxon politician, born in Thürmsdorf
literature
- Königstein area, Saxon Switzerland (= values of the German homeland . Volume 1). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1957, p. 105.
- Rudolf Bradsky von Laboun: History of the Thürmsdorf manors, small troops and new troops with their villages. Thürmsdorf, 1905.
Web links
- Thürmsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Districts of Struppen
- thuermsdorf.com - historical views of Thürmsdorf
- Thürmsdorf address books from 1894 and 1903
Individual evidence
- ↑ Announcement of the Saxon State Ministry for Economics, Labor and Transport on the change of the list of health and recreation places in the Free State of Saxony according to § 3 Abs. 5 SächsKurG from February 5, 2015 (Saxon Official Gazette No. 8/2015 from February 19, 2015) (PDF)
- ^ Academy of Sciences of the GDR - Institute for Geography and Geoecology - Local Research Working Group Prof. Dr. Lüdemann, Heinz, Edgar Prof. Dr. eh. Lehmann and Dietrich Dr. Zühlke (Hrsg.): Values of our homeland Volume 1: Königstein area, Saxon Switzerland . tape 1 . Akademie - Verlag, Berlin 1957, p. 85 f .
- ↑ DAV rock info: Thürmsdorfer Stein. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
- ^ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Historical book of place names of Saxony. Vol. 2, Berlin 2001, p. 507.
- ↑ welt.de: 84,000 euros for saving the mausoleum of Thürmsdorf Castle. September 3, 2015; accessed on September 28, 2016.
- ^ Media Service Saxony: Inauguration of the Malerweg Chapel in Thürmsdorf. Ulbig: "Place of history and cultural monument". June 3, 2016; accessed on September 28, 2016.
- ^ Silvio Kuhnert: Biedermann mausoleum near Thürmsdorf is a place of silence and prayer after renovation. dnn.de , Dresden, June 4, 2016; accessed on September 28, 2016.
- ↑ rahm-muehle.de: History of the cream mill. ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
Flatness | Naundorf | Beach | Troops (with small troops and new troops ) | Struppen Settlement | Thürmsdorf | Whitish