California wildfires 2018
The 2018 California wildfires affected a variety of regions. The media dubbed them the worst fires in California history. They reached considerable proportions in early August 2018 and a new high in November 2018. In the period from January 1, 2018 to August 12, 2018, 3,880 km² burned down. According to evaluations by Munich Reinsurance , the macroeconomic damage was $ 24 billion, of which $ 18 billion was insured. The fires were therefore the most serious of all time in terms of the amount of damage.
The extent of the forest fires is assessed in the context of man-made climate change . A research report by the California government published in August 2018 assumes that the situation will worsen as climate change continues. At the beginning of November the worst forest fires for decades broke out, almost completely destroying the small town of Paradise . Large parts of the coastal town of Malibu , including numerous prominent villas, fell victim to the sea of flames.
Weather and climatic conditions
According to a study published in the journal Nature Climate Change , climate change in California can be expected to make dry periods even drier and winters in some years wetter. This leads to droughts on the one hand, and floods on the other. From 2012 to 2017, California suffered from a severe water shortage. The drought phase was compared to the medieval mega drought from 979 to 981. In the drought, forest fires occurred again and again. In 2014, Governor Jerry Brown declared a state of drought, which he declared over in April 2017 after heavy rains. In 2017, bush and forest fires caused exceptionally severe damage. The “Thomas Fire” in December alone destroyed 113,000 hectares of land. In 2018 there was already a drought in March, which resulted in the first bush fires.
July August
A high pressure area had brought warmer air, drought and strong winds to the region.
In mid-August, more than 40 people were killed, thousands of houses burned down, 50,000 people evacuated, and estimated damage of more than ten billion dollars.
Two forest fires in northern California, the so-called ranch fire and the river fire, grew together near the town of Mendocino to form the largest known fire in California history. It was called the Mendocino Complex. The fire covered an area of just under 1150 square kilometers. It exceeded the burn area of the Thomas Fire that broke out in Southern California on December 4, 2017.
At least six people were killed in the Carr fire near Redding , northeast of Mendocino. More than a thousand houses were destroyed.
The "Holy Fire" took place in the Cleveland National Forest southeast of Los Angeles.
Another major fire was located a few kilometers from Yosemite National Park .
September October
November
On November 8th, fires broke out again in several places in the north and southwest of California. In Butte County , the fire known as the " Camp Fire " spread to more than 30,000 acres in one day, reaching 44,000 acres on November 12th. According to the authorities, the small town of Paradise there was almost completely destroyed. Due to the large number and size of the fires, large parts of California were affected by heavy air pollution from clouds of smoke. In San Francisco , 350 km from the fires, residents were told not to leave their homes and to keep the windows closed.
As of November 17, 2018, 74 people had died. More than 1000 people are missing. In addition, around 9,700 houses burned down in Paradise alone.
Malibu , located on the coast, was also affected . Here, too, the authorities asked the residents to leave the city. Deputy Governor Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency for Counties Butte, Los Angeles and Ventura . The extinguishing work was hampered by strong winds . Several celebrity mansions burned down. The poem The Panther in the original handwriting by Rainer Maria Rilke , which was located in Thomas Gottschalk's house, fell victim to the flames like his property. At times, 250,000 people were unable to go back to their apartments and houses.
US President Donald Trump blamed the disaster in the forest administration of the democratically ruled state and threatened California with the withdrawal of federal funds. Harold Schaitberger, president of the International Federation of Firefighters, dismissed Trump's comments as inconsiderate and offensive to the firefighters and those affected by the fires. After Governor Jerry Brown requested assistance, Trump announced federal funding.
List of individual fires
The list below identifies the forest fires that destroyed more than 1,000 acres (400 hectares) or caused a significant loss of property or people.
Surname | County (s) | Area / acres |
originated on | deleted on | Remarks | Swell) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pleasant | Inyo | 2,070 | February 18, 2018 | 3rd April 2018 | ||
Moffat | Inyo | 1,265 | April 19, 2018 | May 21, 2018 | ||
Nees | Merced | 1,756 | 2nd May 2018 | 17th May 2018 | ||
Patterson | Riverside | 1,261 | 17th May 2018 | May 21, 2018 | ||
Panoche | San Benito | 64 | 4th June 2018 | 7th June 2018 | 3 dead | |
Stone | los Angeles | 1,352 | 4th June 2018 | June 13, 2018 | ||
Airline | San Benito | 1.314 | 4th June 2018 | June 14, 2018 | ||
Apple | Tehama | 2,956 | June 9, 2018 | June 14, 2018 | Three houses and two outbuildings destroyed | |
Chrome | Glenn | 2,290 | June 9, 2018 | June 21, 2018 | Destroyed an outbuilding | |
Lions | Madera | 13,347 | June 11, 2018 | 1st October 2018 | ||
Planada | Merced | 4,564 | June 15, 2018 | June 21, 2018 | ||
Yankee | San Luis Obispo | 1,500 | 20th June 2018 | 1st July 2018 | ||
Lane | Tehama | 3,716 | June 23, 2018 | 4th July 2018 | One injured | |
Pawnee | Lake | 15,185 | June 23, 2018 | July 8, 2018 | 22 buildings destroyed, one injured | |
Creek | Madera | 1,678 | June 24, 2018 | 5th July 2018 | Four residential buildings and seven outbuildings destroyed | |
Waverly | San Joaquin | 12,300 | June 29, 2018 | 2nd July 2018 | ||
county | Lake , Napa , Yolo | 90.288 | June 30, 2018 | July 14, 2018 | 20 buildings destroyed, one firefighter injured | |
Klamathon | Siskiyou | 38.008 | 5th July 2018 | 16th July 2018 | 82 buildings destroyed; one injured, three dead | |
Valley | San Bernardino | 1,350 | 6th July 2018 | October 22, 2018 | 5 injured | |
Holiday | Santa Barbara | 113 | 6th July 2018 | 11th July 2018 | 20 structures destroyed | |
Pendleton Complex | San Diego | 1,800 | 6th July 2018 | 11th July 2018 | originally three different fires, all of which burned at Camp Pendleton | |
west | San Diego | 504 | 6th July 2018 | 11th July 2018 | 56 buildings destroyed | |
Georges | Inyo | 2,883 | July 8, 2018 | 18th July 2018 | ||
Ferguson | Mariposa | 96.901 | 13th July 2018 | 18th August 2018 | 19 firefighters injured and two others killed, 10 buildings were destroyed | |
eagle | Modoc | 2,100 | 13th July 2018 | 17th July 2018 | ||
Natchez | Del Norte , Siskiyou | 38.134 | 15th July 2018 | October 30, 2018 | ||
Carr | Shasta | 229,651 | 23rd July 2018 | August 30, 2018 | 1,079 residential buildings, 22 commercial buildings and 503 outbuildings destroyed - 190 residential buildings, 26 commercial buildings and 63 outbuildings damaged, three firefighters and five civilians killed | |
Cranston | Riverside | 13,139 | July 26, 2018 | August 10, 2018 | ||
Mendocino Complex | Mendocino , Lake , Colusa , Glenn | 459.123 | July 27, 2018 | 18th September 2018 | Ranch Fire and River Fires are commonly referred to as the Mendocino Complex Fire. 157 residential buildings and 123 other buildings were destroyed - 13 residential buildings and 24 other buildings were damaged; one firefighter was killed and four others injured. | |
Whaleback | To let | 18,703 | July 27, 2018 | 7th August 2018 | ||
Butte | Sutter | 1,200 | July 31, 2018 | 3rd August 2018 | ||
Donnell | Tuolumne | 36,450 | August 1, 2018 | 1st October 2018 | 135 structures destroyed; 9 civilians injured | |
Tarina | core | 2,950 | 3rd August 2018 | August 6, 2018 | ||
Pendleton | San Diego | 1,000 | 5th August 2018 | August 6, 2018 | Burned at Camp Pendleton | |
Turkey | Monterey | 2,225 | August 6, 2018 | August 6, 2018 | ||
Holy | Orange , riverside | 23,136 | August 6, 2018 | 13th September 2018 | 18 structures destroyed, three firefighters injured | |
Five | Kings | 2,995 | August 6, 2018 | August 8, 2018 | ||
Hirz | Shasta | 46,150 | August 9, 2018 | September 12, 2018 | ||
Has | Shasta | 1,900 | August 9, 2018 | August 16, 2018 | ||
Nelson | Solano | 2.162 | August 10, 2018 | August 12, 2018 | ||
Stone | Modoc | 39,387 | 15th August 2018 | 29th August 2018 | ||
Mill Creek 1st | Humboldt | 3,674 | August 16, 2018 | August 30, 2018 | ||
front | San Luis Obispo , Santa Barbara | 1.014 | 19th August 2018 | 29th August 2018 | ||
North | Placer | 1,120 | 3rd September 2018 | 16th September 2018 | ||
boat | Mono | 6,974 | 4th September 2018 | 15th September 2018 | ||
Kerlin | Trinity | 1,751 | 4th September 2018 | 17th September 2018 | ||
delta | Shasta | 63,311 | 5th September 2018 | October 7, 2018 | Was swallowed by the Hirz Fire ; 20 structures destroyed | |
Snell | Napa | 2,490 | September 8, 2018 | 15th September 2018 | ||
Charlie | los Angeles | 3,380 | 22nd September 2018 | 1st October 2018 | ||
Alder | Tulare | 4,653 | 4th October 2018 | 7th December 2018 | ||
Eden | Tulare | 1,777 | 4th October 2018 | 7th December 2018 | ||
Branscombe | Solano | 4,700 | October 7, 2018 | November 9, 2018 | four structures destroyed | |
Sun | Tehama | 3,889 | October 7, 2018 | October 12, 2018 | ||
Mountaineer | Tulare | 1,270 | October 13, 2018 | 7th December 2018 | ||
Camp | Butte | 153,336 | November 8, 2018 | November 25, 2018 | 5 firefighters injured, 88 residents killed, 12 others injured, 249 missing; 19,068 structures destroyed, 669 structures damaged | |
Nurse | Solano | 1,500 | November 8, 2018 | November 27, 2018 | ||
Hill | Ventura | 4,531 | November 8, 2018 | 15th November 2018 | four structures destroyed | |
Woolsey | Los Angeles , Ventura | 96,949 | November 8, 2018 | 22nd November 2018 | 1500 structures destroyed, 341 damaged |
The death tolls listed in this table add up to 102 deaths.
See also
Web links
- Forest fires in California. At least 25 dead in devastating fires on November 11, 2018 on tagesschau.de
- Current Fire Information , State of California (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Worst fires in history. California's are expanding at breakneck speed . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , November 12, 2018. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ↑ http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/incidents/incidents_stats
- ↑ ROUNDUP / Munich Re: Forest fires hit insurers hard in 2018. Retrieved January 8, 2019 .
- ↑ http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/techreports/docs/20180827-Energy_CCCA4-CEC-2018-012.pdf
- ↑ California declares drought over. In: Spiegel Online , April 8, 2017, accessed November 12, 2018.
- ↑ Klaus Zintz: Drought and heat plague California. In: stuttgarter-nachrichten.de , July 11, 2018, accessed on November 12, 2018.
- ^ Dieter Kasang: Droughts in California. In: bildungsserver.hamburg.de , accessed on November 12, 2018.
- ↑ Here the fires raged everywhere. In: Spiegel Online , August 22, 2018, accessed on November 12, 2018.
- ↑ California is fighting the biggest forest fire in history. In: t-online , August 7, 2018.
- ↑ California forest fires. When paradise turns into hell In: sueddeutsche.de , August 12, 2018.
- ↑ As big as LA - Biggest forest fire in history threatens California. In: welt.de , August 7, 2018.
- ↑ a b conflagration. Biggest forest fire in California's history. In: zeit.de , August 7, 2018.
- ↑ a b Forest fires rage in California. In: ORF , November 10, 2018, accessed November 11, 2018.
- ^ Paradise, Calif., Destroyed By Wildfire, Authorities Say. In: NPR , November 9, 2018, accessed November 11, 2018.
- ↑ More than 600 people missing from forest fire in California. In: nzz.ch . 16th November 2018.
- ↑ Trump visits forest fires in California . In: Tagesspiegel , November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
- ↑ Thomas Gottschalk's villa in California burned down. In: welt.de , November 12, 2018.
- ↑ Thomas Gottschalk in an interview about forest fire in Malibu. In: br.de , November 12, 2018.
- ↑ "Please do what you can" In: Spiegel Online , November 12, 2018.
- ^ Trump blames California forest policies for deadly wildfires. In: politico.com , November 11, 2018, accessed November 15, 2018.
- ↑ Trump angered the fire department in California. In: faz.de , November 11, 2018.
- ↑ The number of victims in California continues to rise. In: faz.net . November 13, 2018.
- ↑ Pleasant Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Moffat Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Nees Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Patterson Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Panoche Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 7, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Woman, toddler, infant found dead at Central California wildfire scene ( English ) In: Los Angeles Times . June 5, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Apple Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . June 13, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Airline Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 14, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Apple Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 14, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Chrome Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 21, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Lions Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 1, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Lions Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 26, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Planada Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 21, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Yankee Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Lane Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . June 27, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Pawnee Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Creek Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Waverly Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . July 2, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ County Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Klamathon Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . July 14, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Kellen Browning, Daniel Brown: At least one dead as Klamathon Fire tops 9,600 acres, remains state of emergency ( English ) In: The Sacramento Bee . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Valley Fire Information ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 22, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Valley Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . October 22, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ a b c 2018 National Large Incident Year-to-Date Report ( English ) National Interagency Fire Center . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Holiday Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Alexander Nguyen: 2 Fires Burning at Camp Pendleton; 750 Homes Evacuated ( English ) NBC Southern California. July 7, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Brytani Wheeler: 3rd MAW supports firefighting operations at Camp Pendleton ( English ) Marines. July 11, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ West Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . July 11, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Georges Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . September 4, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Georges Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . August 24, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Services set in Modesto for Cal Fire bulldozer operator killed fighting Ferguson fire (English) . In: The Modesto Bee . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Ferguson Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 19, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Eagle Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . July 15, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Natchez Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 7, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Natchez Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . October 30, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Carr Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 30, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Cranston Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . July 26, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Mendocino Complex Information ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 19, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ River Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 16, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Ranch Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 28, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Curtis Driscoll: Cal Fire renames River and Ranch fires the Mendocino Complex Fire ( English ) In: Ukiah Daily Journal . July 28, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Whaleback Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . July 28, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Butte Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 3, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Donnell Fire: Incident information ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 1, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Tarina Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 3, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ 1,000-acre brush fire at Camp Pendleton fully contained ( English ) CBS 8. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Turkey Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Ruben Vives, Laura J. Nelson, Doug Smith: Firefighters gain upper hand on 22,700-acre Holy fire in Cleveland National Forest, as containment rises to 41% ( English ) In: Los Angeles Times . August 12, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Holy Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 14, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Holy Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 26, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Holy Fire Reignites, Burns 150 Acres ( English ) CBS Los Angeles. August 28, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Five Fire General Information ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 8, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Hirz Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 12, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Hat Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . August 16, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Nelson Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Stone Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . August 29, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Mill Creek 1 Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . August 30, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Front Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . August 29, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ North Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 16, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Boot Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 15, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Kerlin Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . September 17, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Delta Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 7, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Snell Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . September 15, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Charlie Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . September 25, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Charlie Fire Incident Information ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . October 1, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ^ Alder, Mountaineer, and Moses Fires ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Two Fires Start to Grow in Remote Areas of Sequoia National Park ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . November 21, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Eden Fire ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . November 24, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Branscombe Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Susan Hiland: Branscombe Fire continues to burn through Suisun Marsh ( English ) In: Fairfield Daily Republic . October 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Sun Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . October 12, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Alder, Mountaineer, and Moses Fires ( English ) National Wildfire Coordinating Group . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Incident Information CAMP FIRE ( English ) Cal Fire . Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Five firefighters among dozen-plus patients burned in Camp Fire ( English ) San Francisco Chronicle. Accessed December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Nurse Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Hill Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . November 11, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Woolsey fire death toll increases to 3, body found in charred Agoura Hills home (English) . In: San Gabriel Valley Newspapers , The Mercury News , November 14, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ↑ Woolsey Fire ( English ) CAL FIRE . November 11, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Woolsey Fire ( English ) Twitter . November 8, 2018. Accessed December 1, 2018.