United Constantin the Great Colliery

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Georeferencing Map with all coordinates of the shafts: OSM
United Constantin the Great Colliery
General information about the mine
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F015013-0001, Herne, Kohlenbergbau.jpg
Constantin colliery in Herne in 1959
other names Constantine the Great colliery
Mining technology Underground mining
Funding / year Max. = 2,812,015 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 10,671
Start of operation 1857
End of operation 1967
Successor use predominantly natural design, recreation, sports
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 30 '4 "  N , 7 ° 12' 46"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 30 '4 "  N , 7 ° 12' 46"  E
United Constantin the Great Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
United Constantin the Great Colliery
Location United Constantin the Great Colliery
Location STRAP
local community Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Bochum
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The United Constantin the Great was a coal mine in Bochum and Herne . From 1953 the mine was only called Constantin the Great and later just Constantin . The union United Constantin the Great was one of the founding members of the Rhenish-Westphalian coal syndicate . The United Constantin the Great was in operation for over 100 years. In the second half of the 19th century, the mine was one of the most important collieries in the Arnsberg administrative district .

history

History of facility 4/5, board at the entrance from Waldstraße

The beginnings

In 1844, the carried presumption of the field Joachim. In 1846 the fields in Bochum and Apollonia were mutated. The fields were united to Constantine the Great in 1847. In the same year the sinking work for a digging shaft began, but this work was stopped again in the same year. On August 15, 1849, the union was founded under the name "Union of the coal and lead ore mine ver. Constantine the Great". The union was based in Bochum. The fiefdom holder was Johann Dinnendahl, director of the hut from Dülmen. Most of the union’s shareholders were business people and craftsmen from the Ruhr area . The union had set itself the task of exploiting the three muted fields. In 1850, the sinking work for shaft 1 began. The shaft was east in Bochum-Riemke Herner Street set . In 1851 there were strong water inflows in the shaft at a depth of 26 meters. In 1852 the carbon was reached at a depth of 63 meters . In the following year, at a depth of 109 meters (-31 m above sea ​​level ), the first level was set as the weather floor . The first coal was mined in 1854. The shaft was sunk deeper and reached a depth of 77 5/8 laughs by the end of the year . In addition, the leaky shaft wall had to be sealed. In the same year, the fields Apollonia, Burgsteinfurt and Constantin the Great were awarded . At that time, the mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district and there to the jury district Bochum. In 1856 the shaft reached a depth of 95 laughs. The bottom of the swamp was set up at this depth . The first underground excavation level was set at a depth of 90 laughs . In addition, the Joachim field was awarded this year. The weather bed was further aligned and several seams were approached in the south wing of the mine field .

The first years of operation

Regular mining began in 1857. In 1857 the alignment work on the mine continued. The union was instructed by the mining authority to sunk another shaft for ventilation . Since the mine only had one shaft in operation, a second shaft had become necessary to improve weather circulation . On April 11 of the following year, the Dülmen, Burgsteinfurt and Coesfeld fields were consolidated under the name of United Constantin the Great . In the same year, the sinking work for shaft 2 began. The shaft was set up 350 meters northwest of shaft 1, west of Herner Strasse. That same year, the sinking operation was at a depth of 15 meters deferred . In 1859 the sinking work was still deferred. In the meantime, the foundations for the drainage machine had been completed by this time . The alignment and installation work continued on the weather bed and the first underground floor of shaft 1 . With water inflows of up to 85 cubic feet per minute, they were forced to build a water dam in the northern weather cross-cut . In 1861 the mine was connected to the railway. In the same year, a drainage machine was installed at shaft 1. In shaft 1, the Sonnenschein and Dickebank seams were mined . Due to the good conditions, an output of six to seven tons per man and shift could be achieved.

In 1863, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed. The shaft was sunk further in the marl to a depth of 26 puddles. On the second level, alignment work in the Sonnenschein seam west of the main western fault was continued. Work also continued in the Dickenbank seam. The following year, the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 73 meters. In 1865, the first level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 109 meters, the midsole at a depth of 151 meters (- 73 m above sea level) and the second level at a depth of 195 meters (- 117 m above sea level) . In the shaft of the eastern were from a depth of 86 Lach Tern to the 2nd floor surge by 24 inches extended. The work was necessary in order to later be able to install a pressure set at this point in the shaft. A twin steam engine with an output of 150 hp was installed as a hoisting machine at shaft 2 . In the following year, mining began in shaft 2 . That year the mine produced its first yield . In 1867 the lead ore field Münster was awarded. In the same year there was a defect in the water retention pump at shaft 1 . Because of the defect, the pits sagged and had to be swamped . The swamp work lasted until December of the following year, after which the mine building was again free of water. On January 1, 1869, production was resumed. In the same year the fields of Coesfeld, Burgsteinfurt, Dülmen and Münster were consolidated. United Constantine the Great was transformed into a thousand shares later that year .

The further operation

In 1870 the breakthrough between shafts 1 and 2 took place on the second level . On May 13 of the same year, a solution agreement was signed with the Rudolph union. Since the Rudolph colliery did not have its own shaft, Constantine the Great was authorized by the solution contract to mine the coal supplies in the Rudolph mine field. In the same year, mining of the coal reserves in the Rudolph field began from shaft 1. The yield was divided between the two unions. On February 14th of the year 1872 there was a fire in shaft 2, this led to the fact that the shaft was put out of operation for six months. In the same year, the lead ore field Sedan was awarded. Due to the favorable economic development, the Constantin the Great trade union came in 1873 to compensate for the previous penalties . In the same year, the sinking work on shafts 1 and 2 was resumed and both shafts were sunk deeper. In 1874, the third level was set in both shafts at a depth of 293 meters (- 215 m above sea level). In the following year, the first processing plant was installed on the site of shaft 2 . In 1880 the sinking work was continued at shaft 1 and the shaft was sunk deeper. On January 1, 1881, a private coking plant was purchased. This coking plant had been in operation on the site of Shaft 2 for several years. The coking plant was previously owned by the Kleye coke plant. In 1883, the fourth level (400 mS) was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 388 meters. In the following year, the coking plant at shaft 1 was put into operation. In 1885, the sinking work for shaft 3 began. The shaft should be used as a weather shaft for the operating parts shaft 1 and shaft 2. In 1887 the weather shaft (shaft 3) was put into operation up to the first level. On November 27 of the year 1889 it came to the mine to a Schlagwetterexplosion , in this mining accident 14 were miners killed. In 1890 the Veronica field was leased to the Mont Cenis colliery. In the same year, shaft 2 was penetrated with the fourth level. In 1892 the public limited company Herminenglück-Liborius was taken over. The property consisted of the Herminenglück-Liborius colliery with an attached coking plant. The Knight's Castle mine also belonged to Herminenglück-Liborius. In the Ritterburg field there was also the Ritterburg shaft, which was sunk in 1858 by the Ritterburg union. With this purchase, the United Constantine the Great was able to increase its mining property considerably. The weather bed in the Herminenglück-Liborius field was at a depth of 116 meters (+ 16 m above sea level). The 5th level was at a depth of 352 meters (- 220 m above sea level). Shaft Ritterburg was renamed Shaft Constantin 3. Shaft 3 was in the area of ​​Castroper Strasse / Karl-Lange-Strasse.

In 1893, the sinking work on shaft 2 continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. The sinking work for shaft 4 began in the same year. The shaft was set up in Herne-Sodingen, 2.9 kilometers northeast of shaft 1. In addition, this year the entire field ownership was consolidated into a single mine field . The entire right now traded under the name of United Constantin the Great , the minefield had an area of ​​15.3 km 2 . In 1894, the 5th level (500 mS) was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 498 meters (- 420 m above sea level). In the area of ​​shaft 3, a ton-long blind shaft was sunk from the 5th level . That same year, the shaft 4 reached at a depth of 155 meters carbon . The first level was set at a depth of 211 meters (- 105 m above sea level). In 1895, work began on sinking another shaft. The shaft was called shaft 5 and was placed next to shaft 4. After the shaft had been sunk into the marl, the sinking work was postponed at a depth of 76 meters. In the same year, the 6th level was set in the barrel-length blind shaft at a depth of 441 meters (- 319 m above sea level). In addition, this year began to open up the fields Deutsche Treue on the operation part 1/2. In shaft 4, the shaft production started. In 1896, shaft 3 was penetrated with the 6th level. In the same year a new solution agreement was signed with the Rudolph union. In 1897, shafts 1 and 2 were cross-cut. The four operational departments of the mine were in operation without any disruptions. At shaft 4, the southern filling point up to 32 meters from the shaft and the northern filling point up to 13 meters from the shaft were lined on the third level . The daytime facilities at shaft 4 were expanded and a coking plant with 60 ovens was built. On December 24th, 1898, there was a fire in the coal washing plant in part 1/2. In the same year, a carbon copy was made between operating parts 1/2 and 4/5. At that time, the mine was part of the north Bochum mining area. On shaft 1, a total of eight seams in Verhieb , of whom two seams with mountains means , the other six seams were made of pure carbon. The thickness of the seams was between 0.6 and 2.5 meters, in the case of the seams with sediment, the thickness of the sediment was between 0.1 and 0.35 meters. On shaft 2 there were a total of seven seams with a thickness of 0.6 to 2.5 meters, four of which were seams with tailings, the other three seams were made of pure coal. In the seams with rock material, the thickness of the rock material was between 0.2 and 0.8 meters. On shaft 3 there were a total of three seams with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.2 meters, one of which was with a mining portion, the other two seams were made of pure coal. In the seams with rock material, the thickness of the rock material was between 0.2 and 1.0 meters. On shaft 4 there were a total of seven seams with a thickness of 0.8 to 4.5 meters, four of which were seams with a mining portion, the other three seams were made of pure coal. In the seams with rock material, the thickness of the rock material was up to 1.5 meters. In 1899 the weather shaft next to shaft 2 was sunk deeper. In the same year, the Sanssouci III field was acquired. The field previously belonged to the Lorraine union. In 1900, the 3rd level was set in shaft 5 at a depth of 411 meters (- 305 m above sea level) and production in the shaft began. In addition, a coking plant was put into operation on section 4/5.

From 1913 until his death in 1931 Albert Hoppstaedter took over management of the company.

The first years of the 20th century

In 1901 the sinking work for shaft 6 began. The shaft was set up in Bochum-Grumme, 1.6 kilometers east of shaft 1. In the following year, the weather shaft next to shaft 2 was sunk to the fourth level. In the same year, shaft 6 reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 117 meters (+ 3 m above sea level). The first level was set at a depth of 148 meters (- 28 m above sea level) and the second level at a depth of 226 meters (- 106 m above sea level). A breakthrough was made between construction site 1/2 and the shaft and the sinking work for shaft 7 began in the same year. The shaft was placed next to shaft 6. The complete operating section 6/7 was on Hiltroper Straße. In the same year, mining in the Rudolph field was stopped. In 1903, shaft 6 began to be mined, and excavation work on shaft 7 was interrupted. In 1904, the Bochumer Koks- und Kohlenwerke AG were bought. The purchase price for the land and mines owned by this corporation was three million marks. Through the purchase of the Koks- und Kohlenwerke AG, in addition to the unscratched Leonhard and Leonhard II mine fields, the Berneck and Glückswinkelburg collieries also came into the possession of the United Constantin the Great. In the same year, the sinking work on shaft 1 was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. The 5th level was set at a depth of 493 meters (- 416 m above sea level). Shaft 6 was also sunk deeper and the third level was set at a depth of 333 meters (- 213 m above sea level). In addition, a penetration was made on two levels between shafts 3 and 6 . In 1905, the sinking work on shaft 7 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The following year, shaft 1 became the main production shaft. A coking plant was put into operation on operating section 6/7. In 1907, a cut was made from the 5th level to the 6th level on construction site 1/2 and driven to a depth of 587 meters, where the 6th level was set. Shaft 7 was put into operation up to the 2nd level and production started. In the same year, shaft 6 was converted into a weather shaft. In 1908, a breakthrough was made between the 5th level of construction site 1/2 and the 6th level of shaft 3. In addition, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the following year, shaft 2 was penetrated with the 6th level. In 1910 work began on building part 8/9. The operating part was on Flottmannstrasse. The operational part had become necessary to mine the part of the mine field that was too far away from the other shafts.

In order to create the operational part, the sinking work for shaft 8 was started. The shaft was built in Bochum-Riemke 1.8 kilometers north of shaft 1. The shaft had a shaft diameter of 5.5 meters. The sinking work for shaft 9 began four weeks later. This shaft had a diameter of 4.5 meters. In the same year, both shafts reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 119 meters. In both shafts, segments were placed up to a depth of 48 meters , below this depth a 0.5 meter thick shaft wall made of bricks was built. In the same year, shaft 7 with the third level broke through and shaft 1 was closed. In 1911, the production of shaft 3 was stopped in order to carry out shaft repairs. In the same year, the 1st level was set in shafts 8 and 9 at a depth of 120 meters (- 40 m above sea level) and the 2nd level at a depth of 200 meters (- 119 m above sea level). On October 1st of the same year a coking plant was put into operation. In 1912 the Constantin union bought the mine holdings from the Germany and Eintracht Tiefbau unions . In the same year, shaft 3 went into production again after repairs. The sinking work continued in shaft 7. Shaft 8 became a mining shaft and started mining that same year. The shaft was equipped with a three-day main and a one-day secondary production. The conveyor system was equipped in such a way that it could convey up to 1500 tons of coal per day within two shifts. Shaft 9 was used as a weather shaft. In this shaft, a one-day auxiliary conveyor was installed, with which it was possible to convey up to the first level. On October 1st of the same year, the Constantin union founded Bochumer Kohlen-Kontor GmbH as a land sales organization. As a result, it was now possible to better market the coal extracted. In September 1913, the coking plant was shut down on section 6/7. In shaft 7, the fourth level was set at a depth of 432 meters (- 312 m above sea level). In addition, the sinking work for shaft 10 began. It was set up one kilometer south-east of section 4/5. The shaft was located in Bochum-Hiltrop am Wiekskamp. In the same year the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 169 meters. A coking plant was put into operation on the site of shaft 10. On April 1, 1914, production in shaft 3 was stopped. The construction site was allocated to construction site 6/7. In shaft 10, the first level was set at a depth of 232 meters (- 102 m above sea level) and the second level at a depth of 333 meters (- 203 m above sea level). The sinking work for shaft 11 began in the same year. The shaft was set up in Herne-Sodingen 1.2 kilometers north of shaft 10. It was located near Gysenbergpark, roughly on the current open space west of Gysenbergstrasse at the intersection with Landwehrweg. Due to the beginning of the First World War , the shafts were not completed until later.

The time of the two world wars

In 1916, the 7th level was set in the construction site using a die at a depth of 700 meters (-622 m above sea level). On May 1 of the same year, shaft 3 was started up again, and the coking plant was also put back into operation. In addition, the sinking work was resumed on several shafts. Shaft 5 was sunk deeper and the fourth level was set at a depth of 525 meters (- 419 m above sea level). Shaft 8 was sunk deeper and an auxiliary level was added at a depth of 300 meters (- 220 m above sea level) and the third level was set at a depth of 378 meters (- 298 m above sea level). In shaft 11, the carbon was reached at a depth of 160 meters. At a depth of 188 meters (-99 m above sea level), the first level was set in shaft 11. A breakthrough to shaft 10 was made. The sinking work also continued on shaft 3 and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1917 the 5th level was set in shaft 3 at a depth of 538 meters (-406 m above sea level). On May 16 of the same year, there was a firedamp explosion in construction site 8/9, killing five miners. The sinking work was continued at shaft 10, shaft 11 was still in production this year. In 1918, the sinking work on shafts 4 and 5 was resumed and both shafts were sunk deeper. In the same year, the third level was set in shaft 10 at a depth of 430 meters (- 300 m above sea level). In the same year there was another firedamp explosion. In this explosion on October 3, three miners were killed. In November of the same year the coking plant was shut down. In 1919, shaft 4 was penetrated with the third level. In shaft 7, the 5th level was set at a depth of 532 meters (-412 m above sea level). In the same year, the 4th level was set in shaft 10 at a depth of 549 meters (- 419 m above sea level). In the same year, mining began in shaft 10 and shaft 11 was put into operation up to the third level. In 1920, four miners were killed when the shaft collapsed . In the same year, the fourth level was set in shaft 5 at a depth of 625 meters (- 519 m above sea level). On October 1st, a coking plant was put into operation on the 10/11 section.

In 1921 a company and interest group agreement was signed with Friedrich Krupp AG. In addition, Friedrich Krupp AG acquired shares in the Constantin union. On April 12 of the same year there was a firedamp explosion in construction site 6/7. 19 miners were killed in this mining accident. In shaft 8, the sinking work was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the same year, the fourth level was set at a depth of 496 meters (- 416 m above sea level). In 1922, the sinking work for the replacement shaft 2a began. The shaft was set up near shaft 2. In 1923, the weather shaft at shaft 3 was sunk deeper into the Girondelle 3 seam. The seam was at a depth of 229 meters (- 92 m above sea level). In 1924, shaft 2a was sunk deeper to the third level. A die was sunk on the 5th level and the 6th level was set at a depth of 631 meters (-511 m above sea level). In 1925, shaft 2a was sunk to the 5th level. On November 25 of the same year, three miners were killed in a face break . In 1926, shaft 2a was put into operation from the 6th level. Nevertheless, the sinking work in shaft 2a continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the same year, shaft 6 broke through with the 4th level, and weather shaft 9 reached the auxiliary level. In 1927 Friedrich Krupp AG became the majority trade of the Constantin union. On November 28 of the same year there was a water ingress, causing the 5th level to sink. In 1828 the 7th level was set in shaft 2a at a depth of 684 meters. From 1929 the trades began to rationalize the mine. So the weather shaft at shaft 3 was thrown off and filled . Furthermore, the Constantin 8/9 and Constantin 3 operations were merged with the Constantin 6/7 operations. From then on, the entire production of the mine was promoted to operating section 6/7. The shafts in operating areas 3 and 8/9 initially continued to be used for cable travel and ventilation . In 1930 the weather shaft next to shaft 2 was dropped and filled. On March 1 of the same year, the coking plant in operating area 8/9 was shut down and on June 17 of the same year the coking plant in operating area 4/5 was shut down. In addition, the coking plant at shaft 11 was shut down.

Due to the global economic crisis , further rationalization measures had become necessary. On June 1, 1931, the coking plants were shut down on part 1/2 / 2a. Production at shafts 1 and 2 was stopped. The coal mined in these construction fields was now conveyed underground to location 6/7 and conveyed there over the surface. In the same year the operating section 10/11 was shut down. As a result of these measures, only two shafts were still in production. In January 1933, dismantling began again in construction site 1/2 / 2a. In addition, the coking plant at shaft 2 was put back into operation. After the economic situation had improved again, part 1/2 was put back into operation in 1934. Production was resumed in shaft 2. In the same year there was another firedamp explosion. Nine miners were killed in this mining disaster, which occurred on October 21st. In November 1936 there was a mine fire on construction site 1/2 . For this reason, the operation on 1/2 / 2a was shut down again. The construction site has now been finally placed in part 6/7. In the same year, shaft 5 was sunk deeper to the 7th level. Furthermore, the sinking work on shaft 8 continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1937 the 8th level was set in shaft 2a at a depth of 885 meters (-807 m above sea level). In the same year, the 8th level was set in shaft 7 at a depth of 930 meters (-970 m above sea level). In the following year, shaft 8 was penetrated with the 7th level at a depth of 691 meters (-611 m above sea level). On August 1, 1939, the Constantin union acquired the Mont-Cenis colliery . With the purchase of this mine, the right now covered an area of ​​20.8 km 2 . In 1940, mining began in shaft 7 from level 8. In the same year, a connecting line was installed between the daytime facilities of Mont-Cenis and Constantin. In 1941, a vessel conveyor was put into operation in shaft 7 . In 1943 a gas connection line was built between the Constantin Schacht 10 coking plants and Mont Cenis. The line was also connected to the Ruhr gas network. In addition, a cable connection was put into operation between the two coal mine power plants . In April 1945, the coking plant on the operating section of Shaft 10 was shut down for several months. Due to the aerial war, some of the daytime facilities at the Constantin colliery were severely damaged. The hoisting machine and the shaft building at shaft 7 were badly damaged. The compressor system in shaft 2 was completely destroyed. For this reason, in April 1945, the production on Constantin came to a complete standstill.

The years after the world wars

On May 1, 1945, the coking plant at shaft 2 was shut down. In the post-war years, the mine’s daytime facilities were rebuilt. In the course of these repairs, operations were also further streamlined. In December 1945, the coking plant at shaft 10 was put back into operation. In 1947, shaft 9 was dropped and filled. In the following year, shaft 2 was closed. Shaft 1 was put into operation up to the 7th level. On April 1, 1948, the coking plant on section 6/7 was put back into operation. In 1949, the 8/9 plant was finally shut down. Since mining in the Constantin construction site had shifted to the 8th level and in the Mont-Cenis construction site to the 7th level, it became necessary to dig further shafts deeper. In the 1950s they started to sink five shafts deeper. In addition, one began to combine all systems into the large conveyor system 6/7. In 1951, the 8th level was set in shaft 5 at a depth of 930 meters (- 894 m above sea level). However, after the lost Second World War , the German economy was extremely poor in capital. In order to raise the necessary capital for the mine, the shareholders also tried to attract foreign investors. In the middle of 1952, the main shareholder Krupp negotiated with French interested parties about the sale of the Constantin mine. However, due to the intervention of leading German politicians, this sale did not take place.

In 1953, a breakthrough was created on the 8th level between construction fields 4/5 and 6/7. Shaft 6 was put into operation up to the 8th level. Part of the production from construction site 4/5 has now gone underground to operating section 6/7. In order to be able to process the coal mined in the operating section 6/7, a central processing plant was built in the course of the renovation work. In the same year, a mine gas extraction system was put into operation on the Mont-Cenis plant. In 1954, shaft 2 was dropped and then backfilled. Due to the Allied unbundling measures, it became necessary to re-establish the Constantin union as a mining company. On January 19, 1954, the mining company Constantin the Great was founded. The mining assets of the union Vereinigte Constantin der Große and Bochumer Kohlen-Kontor GmbH flowed into the newly founded mining company. The union's other interests in other trading companies remained in the possession of the United Constantin the Great. At the end of August 1955, the production on the operating part 4/5 was shut down, from now on the entire production was carried out on the operating part 6/7. The 8th level became the main delivery level. In 1956, 51 percent of the mining company Constantin the Great was sold to the Bochumer Verein für Gußstahlfabrikation AG in Bochum. Towards the end, the mine was integrated into the group division of the Bochumer Verein. On January 27, 1959, the coking plant on section 4/5 was shut down and in the course of the year the coking plant at shaft 10. In the same year, the Holding Hütten- und Bergwerke Rheinhausen AG bought 76 percent of the shares in the Bochumer Verein and thus Constantine the Great Colliery.

The last few years until the shutdown

In 1960 the mine still had the conveyor system 6/7 and the ancillary systems 1 / 2a, 3, 4/5, 8, 10 and 11. In 1961, shaft 10 was dropped, shaft 3 was in Put into operation. The following year, a falling was at bay 11 conveyor mountain from the eighth floor to the 7th floor Constantin Mont-Cenis ascended . In the same year the Förderberg was hit. In 1963, shaft 10 was backfilled. On June 1st, the production of Mont-Cenis was taken over. On July 22nd, 1965, there was a firedamp explosion in the Mont-Cenis construction site, followed by a pit fire. Nine miners were killed in the process. In 1966 the conveyor system 6/7 was shut down. The coal from Constantin was now transported underground to the Hanover colliery . On the Hanover 2/5 part of the operation, these were then conveyed above ground. In the same year, the 8th level was dropped in the Mont-Cenis construction site. In addition, shaft 2 was abandoned and shaft 4 was filled up to the 7th level. On February 11, 1967, the coking plant on construction site 6/7 was shut down. On March 31 of the same year, the Constantin der Große colliery was shut down and the construction site was added to the Bochum mines.

Promotion and workforce

The first production and workforce figures for the mine come from the year 1855, in that year with 76 employees 1639 4/9 tons of hard coal were extracted from Prussia . In 1860, 147 employees produced 174,079 Prussian tons of hard coal. In 1866, 247 employees produced 446,419 Prussian tonnes of hard coal. In 1870, 147,455 tons of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 651 employees. The coals extracted from the mine were good fat and forged coals that were also suitable for generating gas. In 1875, 945 employees mined 248,000 tons of hard coal. In 1880 the workforce was 1055, the production amounted to 309,023 tons of hard coal. In 1885, around 368,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 1,342 employees. In 1890 the production rose slightly to 399,442 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 1304 employees. In 1895, 476,858 tonnes of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 2246. In 1900 around 771,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 3,384 employees. In 1905 the one million ton mark was exceeded. With 4864 employees, 1,031,353 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1910, 1,238,042 tons of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 5082. In 1913, with a workforce of 6,430, 1,790,000 tons of hard coal were extracted.

In 1915, 1,341,563 tons of hard coal were mined and the workforce was 5018. In 1920 the production rose to 1,684,955 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 8039 employees. In 1925, the production increased again to 2,188,524 tons, the workforce was 9,340 employees. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1927. 2,812,015 tons of hard coal were mined with 10,671 employees. In 1930, 2,464,756 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 8058 employees. In 1935 the production sank to 2,307,631 tons, the workforce was 6079 employees. In 1940, 2,095,435 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 6,080 employees. In 1945 the production sank well below a million tons. From April to mid-December, 4551 employees produced 547,277 tons of hard coal. In 1950 1,406,791 tonnes of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 5498 employees. In 1955 the production rose slightly to 1,456,747 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 5343 employees. In 1960, 4115 employees produced 1,330,913 tons of hard coal. In 1965, 1,600,000 tons of hard coal were extracted. The workforce was 3817 employees. These are the last sponsorship and workforce figures.

Constantin today - what remains

Remnants of all the pits can still be found. Most surviving buildings are located on the pits 8/9 and 10. Six old views of the various plants adorn the station Constantin colliery of rail -line U35 .

Slot 1 and 2

Shafts 1, 2 and 2a were located in Bochum on both sides of Herner Strasse between Poststrasse - Vierhausstrasse and Verkehrsstrasse. They were connected to Herne by a railway connection built together with the Hannibal mine in 1867 , which was acquired a few years later by the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft and expanded to form the Bochum – Herne railway line . Coming from the north-west, this connecting line led past shafts 2 and 2a, in a tunnel below Herner Strasse to shaft 1 to the east.

As part of the light rail construction work in the 1980s , the last remaining buildings on the site of Shaft 1 were demolished. The connecting railway tunnel was filled in. It was located approximately at the level of the southern Falkstrasse entrance to the U35 station, Zeche Constantin . The Bogestra light rail workshop was built on the site of shafts 2 and 2a below street level , with the prototype hoods of both shafts visible in the track field .

The area of ​​the former Constantin collection station can be seen on the Bochum – Herne railway line. It is located immediately to the east of the tracks used by the Glückauf Railway between the former Bochum-Riemke freight station and the Bochum-Riemke stop. Meesmannstrasse crosses under the embankment of the active railway line and cuts through the elevated area of ​​the colliery station ( ⊙ ), which is overgrown and no longer has any tracks.

Slot 4 to 11

  • The location of shaft 4

  • The location of shaft 5

  • Shaft 10 (March 2014)

  • The location of shaft 11, August 2005

Shafts 4 to 11 were all connected to one another by railway lines. On Herner and Bochumer Straße, exactly at the level of the city limits between Bochum and Herne, the remains of the level crossing were still recognizable until the road space was fundamentally renovated ( ⊙ ). Paths and driveways running diagonally point out the route on both sides of the road.

Plant 4/5 was completely cleared, the spoil dump was landscaped across the colliery and left to nature. The area is used as a local recreation area. The two shaft locations can still be identified by their prototype hoods, although they are no longer easy to find in the landscape. Only part of the old surrounding wall and the cobblestone access road have been preserved. The latter was integrated into the network of paths on the site and can be used by pedestrians and cyclists.

Aerial photo of the two SchachtZeichen balloons from Constantin 6/7 in Bochum in May 2010

The facility 6/7 was completely cleared at the end of the 1980s and the site was renovated as part of the work for the German Gymnastics Festival in 1990. A spacious sports area was created, which was initially used by the professionals at VfL Bochum as a training facility. In 2003 the training center for the youth department of VfL was built on the site.

The facility around shaft 11 was completely cleared. The area was then designed to resemble a park and provided with art objects that have now been overgrown. The connecting line of the mines, which also connected the Mont Cenis colliery with the canal port of the Friedrich der Große colliery beyond the shaft 11 facility , was discontinued, the railway facilities removed, only the bridges were left. A footpath and bike path were laid out on the route, which now connects the Gysenberg Revierpark with the Constantin Park without crossing. From Gysenberg Park, Sodinger Straße runs along the old railway line.

Coordinates

literature

  • Rudolf Eistermann u. a. (Ed.): Our Horsthausen: History and stories experienced and written down by Horsthauser pensioners. Frischtexte Verlag, Herne 1999, ISBN 3-933059-00-3 .
  • Wolfgang Viehweger: Trace of Coal: Europe in Herne and Wanne-Eickel. Frischtexte Verlag, Herne 2000, ISBN 3-933059-03-8 .
  • Norbert Meier: Constantin the Great Mine - Black Gold under Bochum and Herne. Friends of Mining Historic Sites Ruhrrevier e. V., Dortmund 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-046574-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning until 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum. 144). 3rd, revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhrbergbau. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1957.
  3. ↑ H. Fleck, E. Hartwig: History, statistics and technology of coal in Germany and other countries in Europe . R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1865.
  4. ↑ Homepage of the city of Herne (accessed on May 4, 2010)
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: Die alten Zechen an der Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Manfred Rasch, Gerald D. Feldman (Eds.): August Thyssen and Hugo Stinnes; An exchange of letters from 1898–1922. (= Series of publications for the journal for corporate history. Volume 10). Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-49637-7 .
  7. ↑ a b c R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858.
  8. ↑ a b c Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
  9. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858.
  10. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  11. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  12. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864.
  13. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866.
  14. ↑ a b c d e f Pharus city map of Bochum, as of 1908, Pharus-Verlag Berlin
  15. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
  16. ^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902, p. 330.
  17. ↑ a b c d e Illgen, Wollenweber: The mine VIII / IX of the Constantin der Große colliery. In: Glückauf. Berg- und Hüttenmännische magazine, 49th year. No. 21, May 24, 1913, pp. 805-816.
  18. ^ Norbert Frei, Ralf Ahrens, Jörg Osterloh, Tim Schanetzky : Flick; The corporation, the family, the power. 1st edition. Karl Blessing Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-641-02794-0 .
  19. ^ Diana Maria Friz: The steel giants Alfred Krupp and Berthold Beitz. Corrected and expanded edition, Ullstein publishing house, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-548-34691-X , pp. 99-101.
  20. ^ Royal Statistical Bureau in Berlin (ed.): Prussian Statistics XIII . Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state 1866. Verlag Ernst Kuehn's statistical Separat-Conto, Berlin 1868.
  21. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar e.V. (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )