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[[File:Santa_Maria_a_Pinerolo_TO.png|thumb|The Sanctuary of Madonna delle Grazie.]] |
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'''Pinerolo''' ({{lang-fr|Pignerol}} ; [[Piedmontese language|Piemontese]]: ''Pinareul'') is a [[town]] and ''[[comune]]'' in [[Piedmont]], northwestern [[Italy]], {{convert|40|km|mi}} southwest of [[Turin]] on the river [[Chisone]]. The [[Lemina]] torrent has its source at the boundary between Pinerolo and [[San Pietro Val di Lemina]]. |
'''Pinerolo''' ({{lang-fr|Pignerol}} ; [[Piedmontese language|Piemontese]]: ''Pinareul'') is a [[town]] and ''[[comune]]'' in [[Piedmont]], northwestern [[Italy]], {{convert|40|km|mi}} southwest of [[Turin]] on the river [[Chisone]]. The [[Lemina]] torrent has its source at the boundary between Pinerolo and [[San Pietro Val di Lemina]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Archaeological remains found in Pinerolo in the |
Archaeological remains found in the center of Pinerolo in the early 1970s testify the human presence in the area in prehistoric times<ref>{{cite book||first=Mauro Maria |last=Perrot, |title=Storia di Pinerolo e del suo territorio|publisher=LAR Editore |location=Turin|year=2012}}</ref> Remains of the [[ancient Rome|times]] [[necropolis]] of Dama Rossa, found during works for the Pinerolo-Turin highway in 2003, show that the area at the time was the seat of agricultural activities<ref>[http://www.comune.pinerolo.to.it/vivere_turi/musei/m_senato.htm Page at Pinerolo website]</ref> |
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The toponym of Pinerolo appears only in the Middle Ages, in an [[Holy Roman Empire|imperial diplom]] dating from 981, by which [[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto II]] confirmed possession of it to the [[bishopric of Turin|Bishops of Turin]]. The town of Pinerolo was one of the main crossroads in Italy, and was therefore one of the principal fortresses of the [[dukes of Savoy]]. Its military importance was the origin of the well-known military school that still exists today. The fortress of [[Fenestrelle]] is nearby. |
The toponym of Pinerolo appears only in the Middle Ages, in an [[Holy Roman Empire|imperial diplom]] dating from 981, by which [[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto II]] confirmed possession of it to the [[bishopric of Turin|Bishops of Turin]]. The town of Pinerolo was one of the main crossroads in Italy, and was therefore one of the principal fortresses of the [[dukes of Savoy]]. Its military importance was the origin of the well-known military school that still exists today. The fortress of [[Fenestrelle]] is nearby. |
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Revision as of 12:26, 6 July 2016
Pinerolo | |
|---|---|
| Città di Pinerolo | |
 | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Pinerolo  | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Piedmont |
| Province | Turin (TO) |
| Frazioni | Abbadia Alpina, Baudenasca, Riva di Pinerolo, Talucco |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Luca Salvai |
| Area | |
| • Total | 50 km2 (20 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 376 m (1,234 ft) |
| Population (30 September 2015)[2] | |
| • Total | 35,805 |
| • Density | 720/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Pinerolesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 10064 |
| Dialing code | 0121 |
| Patron saint | St. Donatus |
| Saint day | Monday after last Sunday of August |
| Website | Official website |
Pinerolo (French: Pignerol ; Piemontese: Pinareul) is a town and comune in Piedmont, northwestern Italy, 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Turin on the river Chisone. The Lemina torrent has its source at the boundary between Pinerolo and San Pietro Val di Lemina.
History
Archaeological remains found in the center of Pinerolo in the early 1970s testify the human presence in the area in prehistoric times[3] Remains of the times necropolis of Dama Rossa, found during works for the Pinerolo-Turin highway in 2003, show that the area at the time was the seat of agricultural activities[4]
The toponym of Pinerolo appears only in the Middle Ages, in an imperial diplom dating from 981, by which Otto II confirmed possession of it to the Bishops of Turin. The town of Pinerolo was one of the main crossroads in Italy, and was therefore one of the principal fortresses of the dukes of Savoy. Its military importance was the origin of the well-known military school that still exists today. The fortress of Fenestrelle is nearby.
The earliest mention of Pinerolo is in the 10th century, when it belonged to the March of Turin and was governed by the abbot nullius of Pinerolo who ran the abbey of Abbadia Alpina, even after the city had established itself as a municipality (1247) under the government of Thomas Savoy.
From 1235, Amadeus IV of Savoy exercised over the town a kind of protectorate which became absolute in 1243, and was continued thereafter either by the house of Savoy, or of Savoy-Acaia.
When French troops invaded Piedmont (1536), Pinerolo was conquered and it remained under their control until 1574.
With the treaty of Cherasco it again fell to France (1631).
France agreed to hand back Pinerolo to the house of Savoy under the Treaty of Turin (1696) with the conditions that its stronghold's fortifications be demolished and that Savoy withdraw from the League of Augsburg against Louis XIV.
The 2011 Tour de France featured a stage in the area.
Economy
It is around Pinerolo that revolves the economy of the waldensian valleys (right slope of Val Chisone, Valle Germanasca and Val Pellice) and of the plain between these valleys and the Po (river) course.
Several industries have their base in this area, particularly mechanical, paper making, chemical and textile industries, and also absorb manpower from the nearby centres.
The leading companies are Corcos which produces seals for rotating shafts and valves sterns, Raspini, a meat processing company, NN Inc. which manufactures ball bearings, the Trombini Group (ex Annovati) which supplies the furniture industry with chipboard and PMT Italia which supplies the pulp and paper industry with paper machines. Moreover, Pinerolo is the trade center of the surrounding mountain area.
The agriculture and the breeding of the livestock are conducted with advanced techniques. Pinerolo is the centre of the community called Comunità Montana Pinerolese Pedemontano.
Main sights
- the Cathedral dates from the 9th century, and has an attractive bell tower
- church of San Maurizio, in Gothic style.
Notable Pinerolesi
People born in Pinerolo include:
- Lidia Poët (born 1855), the first Italian female lawyer and an important figure in female emancipation
- Luigi Facta (1861–1930), politician, journalist and last Prime Minister of Italy before the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini
- Ferruccio Parri (1890–1981), partisan and politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy for several months in 1945
People who died here include:
- Anna Canalis di Cumiana (1680–1769) (morganatic spouse of King Victor Amadeus) died in the convent here
- Nicolas Fouquet, marquis de Belle-Île, vicomte de Melun et Vaux, (1615–1680) superintendent of Finances in France under Louis XIV, died in Pignerol.
- David Llewellyn Snellgrove (29 June 1920 – 25 March 2016), a British Tibetologist noted for his pioneering work on Buddhism in Tibet as well as his many travelogues.
- The "Man in the Iron Mask" was imprisoned in Pinerolo starting from 1669.
- Nicolas Fouquet, Marquis of Belle-Ile, was imprisoned in Pinerolo from 1665 to his death in 1680.
Sports
The venue Pinerolo Palaghiaccio hosted curling events at the 2006 Winter Olympics.[5]
The Uruguayan football team Peñarol takes its name from the Montevideo neighbourhood of Peñarol, which in turn takes its name from this town.
Twin cities
Gap, France, since 1963
Traunstein, Germany, since 1986
San Francisco, Argentina, since 1996
Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina, since 2005
See also
References
- ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ Perrot,, Mauro Maria (2012). Storia di Pinerolo e del suo territorio. Turin: LAR Editore.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Page at Pinerolo website
- ^ 2006 Winter Olympics official report. Volume 3. pp. 68-9.