McLaren MP4/2
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| Category | Formula One | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constructor | McLaren | ||||||||
| Designer(s) | John Barnard | ||||||||
| Predecessor | MP4/1E | ||||||||
| Successor | MP4/3 | ||||||||
| Technical specifications[1] | |||||||||
| Chassis | Carbon fibre honeycomb monocoque | ||||||||
| Engine | TAG-Porsche TTE PO1, 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in), 90° V6, turbo, mid-engine, longitudinally mounted | ||||||||
| Transmission | McLaren / Hewland 5-speed manual | ||||||||
| Fuel | Shell | ||||||||
| Tyres | 1984: Michelin 1985 / 1986: Goodyear | ||||||||
| Competition history | |||||||||
| Notable entrants | Marlboro McLaren International | ||||||||
| Notable drivers |  Alain Prost Niki Lauda Keke Rosberg John Watson | ||||||||
| Debut | 1984 Brazilian Grand Prix | ||||||||
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| Constructors' Championships | 2 (1984, 1985) | ||||||||
| Drivers' Championships | 3 (1984 Niki Lauda, 1985, 1986 Alain Prost) | ||||||||
The McLaren MP4/2 was a Formula One car designed by John Barnard of McLaren for the 1984 season. An iteration of it, the MP4/2B, was used in the 1985 season, and a slightly updated version, the MP4/2C, raced in the 1986 season for McLaren. It was closely based on the MP4/1E model that was used as a test car, used in the final races of 1983.
MP4/2
Like the majority of its competitors, the car used an all carbon fibre chassis. The car was powered by a 90° V6 TAG-Porsche Turbo engine, which was first used in the final few races of 1983, at the insistence of Niki Lauda, who felt that the new engine required race testing before a championship challenge could be mounted. The existing chassis, the MP4/1 was modified and strengthened to take the new engine and in the final race of the 1983 season, Lauda proved the car was competitive, running at the front of the field and challenging for the lead of the race.
Lauda was joined for 1984 by Alain Prost who had narrowly lost the 1983 championship to Brabham's Nelson Piquet. Prost was openly critical of Renault's failure and was fired, before Ron Dennis snapped up the young Frenchman in place of John Watson (who reportedly asked for more money than Dennis was prepared to pay). Prost and Lauda proved to be a formidable combination. Both were excellent development drivers, and both gave technical feedback on the car and the engine which pushed the car's development far further than the other teams.
The MP4/2 was one of the few F1 cars to use carbon brakes at the time, giving it another major advantage over most of its rivals on all bar street circuits or when conditions were hot and dry; notably, the carbon brakes weren't as good as the steel brakes at tracks like the Detroit and Dallas street circuits due to the steel brakes lasting longer in the heat. That, combined to superior fuel consumption of the allowed 220 litres and the driving skill of Lauda and Prost saw the MP4/2 score 12 wins in 1984, at the time the highest number of wins in a season by a single team. Lauda beat Prost to the championship by a measly half point in the final race, even though Prost had 7 wins to Lauda's 5. Often the MP4/2's were the only cars to finish on the same lap, such was their domination. Their superiority was more obvious on high-speed circuits, particularly the Österreichring, where all 3 variations of the MP4/2 won in successive years, including Lauda's only ever win in his home Grand Prix in 1984. McLaren comfortably won the constructors' championship from Ferrari. Although the MP4/2 was not the fastest car in qualifying (since they were the only top team not using special engines for qualifying)— often beaten by the Brabham BT53-BMW turbo of Piquet who scored 9 pole positions for the season — it was the most reliable and most consistent, attributes which helped it be so successful throughout its career.
On the official FIA video review of the 1984 season (produced by the Formula One Constructors Association), narrator Clive James summed up the year with the words "Anything as fast as the McLarens fell apart, anything as reliable finished later".[2] Even though the comments were made for Round 2 of the championship in South Africa, it proved to be an accurate summary for McLaren's season long dominance.
MP4/2B
For 1985, the MP4/2 was updated with cleaner aerodynamics and redesigned wings (to comply with new regulations) while TAG refined the engine and was dubbed the "MP4/2B". The suspension had to be redesigned after McLaren were forced to switch from Michelin to Goodyear tyres when the French company pulled out of Formula One. However, the competition had more or less caught up. Michele Alboreto (Ferrari) fought Prost for most of the season, until McLaren's greater reliability and their superiority in the high-speed circuits that followed told in both championships. Prost won his first championship with 5 wins, and McLaren claimed their second successive constructors' championship. Lauda retired from F1 at the end of the season, but not before adding a final victory to his tally in the Netherlands for the team.
MP4/2C
The MP4/2 was virtually unchanged in 1986, with the exclusion of some tweaking in aerodynamics which saw it dubbed the "MP4/2C", while Prost was joined by Finn Keke Rosberg, the 1982 World Champion when driving for Williams. By this time the Williams FW11 had overtaken McLaren as the best car; notably, the MP4/2's mileage was not as good as it was in 1984 although the fuel tank size remained the same as in 1984 when the FIA mandated a 220 litre limit. Piquet joined Nigel Mansell at Williams and the two fought a fierce internal battle, while Prost cleverly built up his points total and snatched 4 wins from under the Williams teammates' noses. His second world championship was won more by stealth than speed as by now it was clear the TAG Porsche engine was past its best.
The MP4/2 won 22 Grands Prix (Prost, 16; Lauda, 6), took 7 pole positions (Prost, 6; Rosberg, 1), and scored 327.5 points throughout its three-year career. It contributed to 2 constructors' titles and 3 drivers' championships, and remains the most successful chassis in F1 history.
Prost's MP4/2C was driven at the 2010 Goodwood Festival of Speed by Jenson Button. [3]
Complete Formula One results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Team/Chassis | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | Points | WCC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 | McLaren MP4/2 |
TAG Porsche TTE PO1 V6 tc |
M | BRA | RSA | BEL | SMR | FRA | MON | CAN | DET | DAL | GBR | GER | AUT | NED | ITA | EUR | POR | 143.5 | 1st | |
| Alain Prost | 1 | 2 | Ret | 1 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 4 | Ret | Ret | 1 | Ret | 1 | Ret | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Niki Lauda | Ret | 1 | Ret | Ret | 1 | Ret | 2 | Ret | Ret | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | ||||||
| 1985 | McLaren MP4/2B |
TAG Porsche TTE PO1 V6 tc |
G | BRA | POR | SMR | MON | CAN | DET | FRA | GBR | GER | AUT | NED | ITA | BEL | EUR | RSA | AUS | 90 | 1st | |
| Niki Lauda | Ret | Ret | 4 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 5 | Ret | 1 | Ret | PO | Ret | Ret | |||||||
| Alain Prost | 1 | Ret | DSQ | 1 | 3 | Ret | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | Ret | ||||||
| John Watson | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1986 | McLaren MP4/2C |
TAG Porsche TTE PO1 V6 tc |
G | BRA | ESP | SMR | MON | BEL | CAN | DET | FRA | GBR | GER | HUN | AUT | ITA | POR | MEX | AUS | 94 | 2nd | |
| Alain Prost | Ret | 3 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 6 | Ret | 1 | DSQ | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| Keke Rosberg | Ret | 4 | 5 | 2 | Ret | 4 | Ret | 4 | Ret | 5 | Ret | 9 | 4 | Ret | Ret | Ret |
