Łężyce (Szczytna)
| Łężyce | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Kłodzko | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 26 ' N , 16 ° 21' E | ||
| Height : | 555 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 370 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 74 | ||
| License plate : | DKL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Łężyce (German Friedersdorf , Czech Lužnice , also Loužnice ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . It belongs to the urban and rural community of Szczytna ( Rückers ) and is four kilometers northwest of Duszniki-Zdrój ( Bad Reinerz ).
geography
Łężyce is located in the southern foothills of the Heuscheuergebirge . The settlement took place in a long valley, which is about 555 to 640 m above sea level. NN increases. The church is located on a hill approximately in the middle of the village. The mill houses and the Johannesthal colony were built in a parallel side valley . To the north of the two valleys lies at an altitude of 775 m. ü. NN the Friedrichsberg colony . The group of houses built to the west of the village was called Bohemian Houses .
Neighboring towns are Karłów ( Karlsberg ) in the north, Batorów ( Friedrichsgrund ) in the east, Złotno ( Goldbach ) in the southeast, Słoszów ( Roms ) in the south, Kulin Kłodzki ( Keilendorf ) and Gołaczów ( Hallatsch ) in the southwest, Żyznów ( Tschischney ) in the west as well Darnków ( Dörnikau ) and the no longer existing Łężno ( Friedrichsberg ) in the northeast.
history
Friedersdorf, which bears the name of its locator , was first mentioned in 1330 as Friderici villa and in 1351 referred to as Friedrichsdorf . It belonged to the Bohemian rule of Hummel and was incorporated with the parish church, which is also documented for the 14th century, the Glatzer deanery . In 1353 it was lent to the knight Otto von Haugwitz ( Otte / Ottyn von Hugwicz ), who was married to Gertrud von Pannwitz . She was the daughter of the then owner of the Hummel estate, Titzko ( Ticzen ) von Pannwitz. Otto, who also had an outbuilding in Pitschkowitz , was also the patron of the Friedersdorf church. In 1331 he presented as the new pastor Hinko ( Heinrich ), who was introduced by the Pitschkowitz pastor. He was followed on November 4, 1364 by the cleric Johannes, a son of Bartholomäus from Wünschelburg ( Wussislburga ), who was introduced into his office by the Glatzer dean . After his resignation in 1371, the priest Conrad from Glatz followed. Since it was presented by Theodorich von Haugwitz ( Theodricum de Hukwicz ), it can be assumed that Theodorich was a son and successor of Otto von Haugwitz. Theodorich is also documented as the owner of Friedersdorf in 1410. This year he presented the priest Peter from Kuttenberg ( de Montibus Chutnis ) as pastor. On June 14, 1427 which sold free judges Lucas half of his estate to "Frederich village" the judge Mathes as a free heritage. During the Hussite Wars , the parish was orphaned and declined. The parish belonging to it ("Widmut") had been appropriated by the Reinerz council and not given back. In 1475, the Vogt from Glatzer, Andris Gunthir, confessed that he had sold his rights to “Fredirsdorf” to Mr. Kauffung on the “ Landisfrede ”.
At the instigation of Duke Heinrich d. Ä. Friedersdorf was incorporated into the County of Glatz in 1477 together with the rule of Hummel . In 1561 the rule of Hummel fell as a settled fiefdom to the Bohemian sovereign. After the Hummel rule was dissolved in 1595, the associated localities initially remained in the possession of the royal chamber . In the same year, the former Friedersdorfer parish church came to the parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Reinerz as a branch church. 1639 gave Emperor Ferdinand III. in his capacity as King of Bohemia Friedersdorf his personal physician and rural physicist of Bohemia , Isaias Sachs, the owner of Rückers at the time. After King Ferdinand IV gave him the chamber subjects in Friedersdorf in 1650 , the whole of Friedersdorf belonged to Rücker's rule.
The patronage of the church loan was exercised by the respective owner of the Hummel rule until 1561, then the sovereign and from 1650 the respective owner of the Rückers rule. The villages of Kessel and Tschischney and the colonies of Johannesthal and Friedrichsberg were dedicated to the Friedersdorfer Filialkirche .
After the First Silesian War in 1742 and finally with the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763, Friedersdorf fell to Prussia together with the County of Glatz . For the year 1807 it is proven: a branch church, a school house, a stately Vorwerk , a free courtroom , a flour mill, 25 service farmers and 72 gardeners , cottagers and other houses. Together with Friedrichsberg and Johannesthal it formed a rural community .
After the reorganization of Prussia, Friedersdorf belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and from 1816 was incorporated into the district of Glatz , with which it remained connected until 1945. In 1874 the Friedersdorf district was formed, to which the rural communities Friedersdorf, Goldbach , Hermsdorf and Rome as well as the manor district Friedersdorf belonged. In 1939 there were 823 inhabitants. As a result of the Second World War , Friedersdorf fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Łężyce . The German population was expelled . Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland . In the period that followed, many houses remained uninhabited and were therefore left to decay. The number of residents decreased significantly. 1975-1998 Łężyce belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German: Waldenburg ).
Colonies
- The Johannesthal colony was created around 1724 by the then owner of the Rückers lordship, Johann Graf von Hartig . At the beginning of the 19th century it consisted of twelve houses and together with Friedersdorf formed a village community. In 1945 it was renamed Januszów and later Łężyce Górne .
- The Friedrichsberg ( Lukviza ) colony was created around 1781 by the then owner of the Rückers reign, Count Friedrich von Bellagarde. At the beginning of the 19th century it consisted of a manorial Vorwerk and twelve colonist posts. In 1790 a log house was built on the nearby Vogelberg. Together with the Johannesthal colony, Friedrichsberg belonged to the village of Friedersdorf. After the transition to Poland in 1945, it was renamed Łężno . Since most of the houses were not repopulated, they fell into disrepair. Today the village is uninhabited.
- The quarry colony also belonged to Rücker's rule and consisted of three houses at the beginning of the 19th century. It was named after the nearby quarry in which haystack rock was extracted.
Attractions
- That of St. The church, consecrated to Mary Magdalene , was built in 1694 on the site of a previous church. Inside is a Gothic Pietà from the 15th century. The architectural main altar with the figures of St. Veit , Wenzel , Joseph and Leopold adorns a painting by the Prague painter Peter Johann Brandl . The crucifixion and St. Mary's altars as well as the pulpit date from the first half of the 18th century. The churchyard is surrounded by a defensive wall.
Personalities
- Edmund Scholz (1835–1920), German theologian, educator and local researcher. From 1910 to 1920 Grand Dean and Vicar General of the County of Glatz.
literature
- Franz Albert: The history of the Hummel rule and its neighboring areas. First part: The rule of Hummel up to the year 1477. Self-published by the author, Münster 1932. pp. 88–91.
- Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz . Revised by Dieter Pohl . Volume 2, ISBN 3-927830-09-7 , pp. 258 and 274-276
- Ders., Volume 5, ISBN 3-927830-19-4 , p. 420.
- Peter Güttler: The Glatzer Land . Travel guide published by Aktion West-Ost in the BDKJ, Düsseldorf 1995, ISBN 3-928508-03-2 , p. 35.
- Dehio - Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland Silesia , Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 898
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku . In: Kladský sborník 5, 2003, p. 372
- ^ Friedersdorf district