Stare Juchy

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Stare Juchy
Coat of arms of Stare Juchy
Stare Juchy (Poland)
Stare Juchy
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Ełk
Geographic location : 53 ° 55 '  N , 22 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 55 '15 "  N , 22 ° 10' 15"  E
Residents : 1626 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 19-330
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NEL
Economy and Transport
Street : 1714N: Wydminy - Węźówka - Kałtki → Stare Juchy
1846N: Zawady Ełckie → Stare Juchy
Straduny - Malinówka Wielka - Bałamutowo → Stare Juchy
Rail route : PKP line 38: Korsze – Białystok
Next international airport : Danzig
Gmina
Gminatype: Rural community
Gmina structure: 28 localities
25 school offices
Surface: 196.55 km²
Residents: 3742
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 19 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 2805052
Administration (as of 2006)
Mayor : Ewa Dorota Jurkowska-Kawałko
Address: 19-330 starlings Juchy
pl. 500-lecia 4



Stare Juchy [ ˈstarɛ ˈjuxɨ ] ( German  Alt Jucha , 1929 to 1938 Jucha , 1938 to 1945 Fließdorf ) is a village with the seat of the rural community of Stare Juchy in Poland and is located in the powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ) in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

location

Stare Juchy is located in the middle east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship on the Gawlik ( German  Gablick River ) between the Jezioro Jędzelewo ( German  Henselewo Lake , 1938 to 1945 Hanselsee ) and the Jezioro Ułówki ( German  Uloffke Lake ). The district town of Ełk ( German  Lyck ) is 14 kilometers southeast.

About two kilometers south of the village rises the 205 meters at the time the highest mountain of the circle Elk , the Plowiecka Góra ( German  Plowczer mountain , too: Plötzer mountain).

Old court ensemble in Stare Juchy (Alt Jucha)

history

The settlement areas of both Alt Jucha and the neighboring town of Neu Jucha (located south of the Gablick river) are likely to have existed as early as the middle of the 15th century. The official founding year of Juchen , until 1929 Alt Jucha and until 1938 Jucha, is 1471, for Neu Jucha it is the year 1473.

On May 27, 1874, Alt Jucha became Amtsdorf and thus gave its name to the Jucha district , which - before 1908 with the formation of the Neu Jucha district in "Alt Jucha district", in 1929 again in "Jucha district" and from 1939 in "Fließdorf district" renamed - existed until 1945 and the county elk in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. On September 16, 1929, the two administrative districts of Alt Jucha and Neu Jucha merged to form the new "District Jucha". On January 30, 1939, this was renamed "District Fließdorf".

On December 1, 1910, 281 inhabitants were registered in Alt Juchen. During the First World War , the manor house of Adlig Jucha , originally a baroque building from the second half of the 18th century, was destroyed and then rebuilt in the style of the time.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Alt Jucha belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Alt Jucha, Neu Jucha and Adlig Jucha, 580 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not receive any votes.

On September 30, 1929, the rural communities Alt Jucha and Neu Jucha and the manor district Adlig Jucha merged to form the new rural community "Jucha". In 1933 it had a total of 795 inhabitants. On August 18, 1938, Jucha was given the name "Fließdorf" as part of the National Socialist renaming campaign . The number of inhabitants rose to 839 by 1939.

As a result of the Second World War , the village and all of southern East Prussia were transferred to Poland in 1945 and received the Polish form of name "Stare Juchy". The place is today the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and thus a place of the rural community of the same name, which now also has its seat in Stare Juchy. Otto Gruber , son of the last German landowner, whose family immigrated from Salzburg in 1710 and stayed here until 1945, has dealt intensively with the German history of the place . The house is now owned by the State Agricultural Real Estate Agency (AWRSP).

District (old / new) Jucha / Fließdorf (until 1945)

From the time before 1908, the districts of Alt Jucha and Neu Jucha existed in the Lyck district, the latter having emerged from the Orzechowen district (now in Polish: Orzechowo). On September 16, 1929, both districts merged to form the "Jucha District" and from January 30, 1939 they were called "Fließdorf District".

On September 1, 1931, the following were incorporated into this district:

Location in the former
district of Alt Jucha		 Location in the former
district of Neu Jucha		 Change name from
1938 to 1945		 Polish name
Old Krzywen (from 1936 :)
Old Kriewen		 Starlings Krzywe
Ballamutowen (from 1934 :)
Giersfelde		 Bałamutowo
Gorlen Aulacken Gorło
Grünsee
until 1929: Klein Krzywen 		Nowe Krzywe
Herrnbach
until 1927: Panistrugga 		Panistruga
Jucha
until 1929: Alt Jucha 		Fliessdorf Stare Juchy
Kaltken Kalthagen Kałtki
Laschmiads
until 1936: Laschmiads 		Lashing forging Łaśmiady
Lysken Pisces Liski
Nussberg
until 1929: Orzechowen 		Orzechowo
Olschöwen Frauenfließ Olszewo
Plowczen Plötzendorf Płowce
Sawadden Auglitten Zawady Ełckie
Seedorf
until 1926: Jesziorowsken 		Jeziorowskie

church

The once Protestant, now Catholic church in the village of Stare Juchy

Jucha received its first church as early as 1487, it was located in the later district of Neu Jucha. After a hundred years a new building was due, which was completed in 1585 as a boulder and brick building. The staggered east gable and the west tower with its octagonal tip were striking. Some of the very old equipment is still there. The Protestant church in today's ul. Ełcka, which was Protestant until 1945, now serves as a parish church for the Roman Catholic community and is called " Kościół pw. Trójcy Przenajświętszej ".

Parishes

Evangelical

The history of the parish goes back to the pre-Reformation period. With the Reformation , Lutheran teaching moved here . A large parish belonged to the parish , in which in 1925 a total of 5,028 parishioners lived. They were looked after by two clergymen until the 18th century. Until 1945 the parish of Jucha belonged to the church district of Lyck in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Flight and expulsion of the local population put an end to the work of the Protestant parish in Stare Juchy. Today the Protestant church members stick to the parish in the district town of Ełk ( German  Lyck ), a branch parish of the parish in Pisz (Johannisburg) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Before 1945 only a few Catholic church members lived in the Jucha region. They were parish in the parish church of St. Adalbert in Lyck ( Polish Ełk ) in the deanery Masuria II (seat: Johannisburg , Polish Pisz) in the Diocese of Warmia . Today Stare Juchy is the seat of a parish to which the branch church in Gorłówko (Gorlowken , 1938 to 1945 Gorlau) is affiliated. It is part of the Deanery Święty Rodziny Ełk in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

Methodist

A Methodist Church has established itself in Stare Juchy . Its center is at ul. Jeziorna in the southern part of the city.

Personalities

  • Friedrich von Pelkowsky (born April 20, 1705 in Adlig Jucha; † October 22, 1786 in Kolberg), royal Prussian major general, commander of the Kolberg Fortress, bearer of the order Pour le Mérite
  • Artur Laskus (* 1936 in Jucha; † 1998 on La Palma), German carpenter, architect and artist

traffic

The importance of the village of Stare Juchy as a central place not only for its formerly annual cattle and horse market is underlined by the meeting of numerous regional roads. From the northwest side road 1714N from Wydminy (Widminnen) , from the northeast side road 1846N from Zawady Ełckie (Sawadden , 1938 to 1945 Auglitten) and streets from Gorłówko (Gorlowken , 1938 to 1945 Gorlau) in the north, Szczecinowo (Szczeczinowen , 1925 to 1945 Steinberg ) in the north-west, from Stare Krzywe (Alt Krzywen , 1936 to 1945 Alt Kriewen) in the south and from Straduny (Stradaunen) in the east.

Stare Juchy has been a train station on the Korsze – Białystok railway since 1868 , which formerly connected the city of Königsberg (Prussia) with Prostken and also led to Brest .

Stare Juchy parish

The rural community ( Polish Gmina wiejska ) Stare Juchy covers an area of ​​196.55 km², which corresponds to 17.68% of the total area of ​​the powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ), in the west of which it is located. 59% of the community area is used for agriculture, 17% for forestry. The number of residents on June 30, 2019 was 3742.

Community structure

The rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Stare Juchy includes 28 localities, which are incorporated into 25 districts ( German names, official until 1945 ) with a Schulzenamt :

Other localities are: Ostrów (Werder) , Rogalik (Rogallicken , 1938–1945 Kleinrosenheide) and Sikory Juskie (osada) .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities of Gmina Stare Juchy are:

Residents

The age structure of the inhabitants of the rural community of Stare Juchy can be seen in the example of 2014 (Kobiety = women, Mężczyźni = men): Piramida wieku Gmina Stare Juchy.png

traffic

The Stare Juchy train station

The Gmina Stare Juchy is located in the center of a large number of side streets that meet here and thus also form a dense network of connections between the individual villages. In the south, the 656 voivodship road near Grabnik (Grabnick) touches the municipality for a few kilometers.

The Korsze – Białystok railway runs through the municipality from north-west to south-east. The community is connected to the Stare Juchy station.

The Gmina Stare Juchy is only inadequately connected to air traffic. The nearest international airport is in Gdansk , which can only be reached via a long road.

Web links

Commons : Stare Juchy  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1195
  3. ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Place and Gut Stare Juchy - Jucha / Fließdorf
  5. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Fließdorf
  6. ↑ a b c d Rolf Jehke, Jucha / Alt Jucha / Fließdorf district
  7. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district of Lyck
  8. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, pp. 82, 85
  9. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck (Lyk, Polish Elk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ↑ a b Wykaz sołectw i sołtysów Gminy Stare Juchy
  11. ↑ The church in Jucha
  12. ↑ This is why the name “Church Neu Jucha” is sometimes used.
  13. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 124, fig. 572–574
  14. ↑ a b Parafia Stare Juchy
  15. ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 493
  16. ^ Genealogical index of places: Alt Jucha
  17. ↑ The Genealogical Place Directory