Großrudestedt Office

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The office Großrudestedt was a territorial administrative unit of the Ernestine duchies . It was formed in 1664 from the Vogtei Schwansee and four places of the Vogtei Brembach, after these came to Duke Johann Georg I from the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar in 1662 . When he became Duke of Saxony-Eisenach in 1672 , the office of Ringleben and several noble places were added to the office. Since 1741 the office Großrudestedt belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . After the elevation of Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach to the Grand Duchy in 1815, the Großrudestedt office experienced a considerable territorial expansion.

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach in 1850 and the associated dissolution, the office was the spatial reference point for the collection of sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , judiciary and military service .

Geographical location

The office Großrudestedt was in the Thuringian Basin . Rivers in the official area were the Gera , the Schmale Gera , the Gramme , the Vippach and the Scherkonde . The territory was the easternmost office of the Duchy of Saxony-Eisenach. It was separated from Eisenach by the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha and the Erfurt area until the beginning of the 19th century as a narrow strip with a large west-east extension between the Electorate of Saxony (Thuringian District) in the north and the Erfurt area in the south .

The official area is now largely in the Sömmerda district in the northeast of the Free State of Thuringia . Stotternheim and Mittelhausen are now districts of Erfurt , Vippachedelhausen and Thalborn are part of the Weimarer Land district .

Adjacent administrative units

Situation up to the Congress of Vienna in 1815

Furthermore, the exclave Nöda of the Electoral Saxon Office Weißensee bordered the official area in the south. The exclaves Schloßvippach and Kleinbrembach (Erfurt part) of the Vippach district belonging to the Erfurt state were located in the east of the Großrudestedt district. Having arrived in 1811, the Schwarzburgische exclave Haßleben to the office area, the Office Großrudestedt in the northwest bordered in addition to a respective exclave of Saxon offices Weissensee and Eckartsberga and the exclave Werningshausen of the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg related county match .

Situation after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and the enlargement of the office

history

Predecessor of the Großrudestedt office

A large part of the localities of the later Großrudestedt office belonged in the earliest times to the "county on the narrow Gera". After the Thuringian Landgrave Albrecht the Degenerate resold it to the city ​​of Erfurt in 1270 , it was for a long time a point of dispute between the city and Albrecht's descendants, who sought to reacquire it in vain.

The places of the Großrudestedt office, which was established in the 17th century, belonged to the Vogtei Schwansee, to the Amt Ringleben, to the Vogtei Brembach or were owned by various noble lords.

Vogtei Schwansee

Schwansee belonged to the Weißfrauenkloster and the foundation of the Great Hospital Erfurt in the 13th and 14th centuries . Großmölsen belonged to the Wettin office of Buttelstedt until 1489 .

Großrudestedt and the neighboring settlement of Kleinrudestedt were owned by a "Bernolf von Rudestedt" around 1211, who was mentioned as a servant of the Ludowingian landgrave Hermann von Thuringia . Großrudestedt later came into the possession of the Counts of Beichlingen . Between 1322 and 1452 the place was under the Marienstift in Erfurt, Kleinrudestedt had been since 1270. After the Marienstift had ceded its rights to the city of Erfurt in 1452, Großrudestedt was "under the council of Erfurt" until 1535. In the "dispute over Großrudestedt", the place was forcibly taken possession of by the Ernestine Elector of Saxony in 1535 .

After the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, the Vogtei Schwansee, to which the places Schwansee, Großrudestedt, Kleinrudestedt and the territorially separated place Großmölsen belonged, remained in the possession of the Ernestines. Their duchy of Saxony was divided up in the division of Erfurt in 1572 , so that the Vogtei Schwansee belonged to the duchy of Saxony-Weimar ever since .

After the death of Duke Wilhelm IV of Saxe-Weimar , the Vogtei Schwansee came into the possession of Duke Johann Georg , who later became Duke of Saxe-Eisenach, in 1662 .

Office ring life

Mittelhausen was first mentioned as an imperial property at the beginning of the 9th century. Together with the neighboring Riethnordhausen, Mittelhausen formed a "smaller county" owned by the Ludowingian landgraves of Thuringia. In 1152 a ministerial family named themselves after the place. From 1130 to the Thuringian Count War (1342-1346) there was the Oberste Dingstuhl of the Landgraviate of Thuringia in Mittelhausen , which was of central importance as a Landfriedensgericht .

The castle in Ringleben was destroyed by King Rudolf I in 1290 , and in 1309 the place was devastated by Landgrave Johann von Hessen . Landgrave Friedrich of Thuringia handed over the place Ringleben including jurisdiction to the Carthusian monastery of Erfurt in 1433 .

All three places came to the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony when Leipzig was partitioned in 1485. In 1542 the office Ringleben was formed, to which the three places Ringleben, Mittelhausen and Riethnordhausen belonged. After the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, the Ringleben office remained in the possession of the Ernestines. When Erfurt was partitioned in 1572, it became part of the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar under Duke Johann Wilhelm , who bequeathed it to his descendants, Duke Johann , and then to his son Wilhelm IV . After the death of Duke Wilhelm IV of Saxe-Weimar, the Ringleben office came to the newly created Duchy of Saxe-Eisenach in 1662.

Bailiwick of Brembach

Some places of the later Bailiwick of Brembach belonged to the Counts of Orlamünde (including Vogelsberg and Fiedelhausen) in the 14th century . After their extinction in 1372, they came to the Wettin Landgraviate of Thuringia. In 1421 Vogelsberg is mentioned as the seat of a bailiwick with 8 villages. When Leipzig was divided in 1485, it came to the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony.

In the 16th century, the Brembach Bailiwick was mentioned as part of the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony. To it belonged the places Großbrembach , Kleinbrembach (Weimarischer part), Olbersleben , Niederreißen , Rohrbach , Nermsdorf , Vogelsberg , Sprötau , Fiedelhausen ( Vippachedelhausen ) and the city Rastenberg . In 1544, the city of Buttelstedt came back into sovereign possession of the Ernestines from the neighboring office of the same name. The place was now determined to be the seat of the Vogtei Brembach, but remained under the jurisdiction of the Weimar Office .

After the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, the "Vogtei Brembach zu Buttelstedt" remained in the possession of the Ernestines. It came to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar when Erfurt was partitioned in 1572. After the death of Duke Wilhelm IV of Saxe-Weimar , the Brembach Bailiwick was divided in 1662. The majority of the "Vogtei Brembach" with the places Buttelstedt, Großbrembach, Rastenberg, Olbersleben, Niederreißen, Rohrbach and Nermsdorf remained with Duke Johann Ernst II of Saxony-Weimar and in 1735 was affiliated to the Hardisleben office.

The Brembach villages of Kleinbrembach (Weimar share), Vogelsberg, Sprötau and Fiedelhausen (Vippachedelhausen), however, came to Johann Georg I , who took up his residence in Marksuhl and received income from a number of offices in the new Duchy of Saxony-Eisenach.

The office of Großrudestedt 1664 to 1815

After the death of his father, Duke Wilhelm IV of Saxe-Weimar, Duke Johann Georg I came into possession of various Wettin areas in 1662, including a. a. the Vogtei Schwansee, the Vorwerk Bachstedt and the places Kleinbrembach (Weimar part), Vogelsberg, Sprötau and Vippachedelhausen from the Vogtei Brembach. In 1664 the official seat with the district court was relocated from Schwansee to Großrudestedt and the four places in Brembach were incorporated. In connection with the acquisition of the Eisenach office and the title of Duke of Saxe-Eisenach in 1672, Johann Georg I moved his residence from Marksuhl to Eisenach . In addition, he received other areas, including a. the Ringleben office and the Markvippach estate. The seat of the Ringleben office, where the court clerk had used the title of "entire and strange bailiff", has now also been moved to Großrudestedt.

The united "Office Großrudestedt" now consisted of the Vogtei Schwansee with the places Großmölsen, Großrudestedt, Kleinrudestedt and Schwansee, the Office Ringleben with the places Mittelhausen, Ringleben and Riethnordhausen, the places Kleinbrembach (Weimarischer part), Vogelsberg, Sprötau and Vippachedelhausen from the Vogtei Brembach, the Vorwerk Bachstedt and the noble places Alperstedt, Dielsdorf, Eckstedt, Markvippach and Thalborn.

With the death of Duke Wilhelm Heinrich in 1741, the dynasty of the dukes of Saxony-Eisenach died out, as a result of which the principality and its offices were inherited by Saxe-Weimar. Since then, the two states have been united as the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . Since then, the Großrudestedt office has belonged to Sachsen-Eisenach in judicial and consistorial matters and to Sachsen-Weimar in financial matters. In 1811 the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach received Haßleben from the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen . With the affiliation to the office Großrudestedt the place ended its existence as an exclave of the Schwarzburg special houses subordination .

The Großrudestedt office from 1815 until its dissolution in 1850

Due to the effects of the Congress of Vienna , the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach was elevated to a Grand Duchy in 1815 . This was associated with a number of territorial gains. From the part of the Electorate of Saxony ceded to Prussia , the office Großrudestedt received the exclaves Nöda and Kranichborn of the dissolved office Weißensee . From the former Electoral Mainz , from 1802 Prussian Erfurt State , which belonged to the French Principality of Erfurt from 1806 to 1814 , the Großrudestedt office received the town of Stotternheim from the former Gispersleben office and the Schloßvippach and Kleinbrembach (Erfurt portion) exclaves of the Vippach office. In return, the place Ringleben was given to Prussia and incorporated into the district of Erfurt in the province of Saxony . Großmölsen came to the newly founded Saxon-Weimar office of Vieselbach in 1816 .

In 1849/50, jurisdiction was separated from administration in the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . The patrimonial courts existing in the office were also repealed. The office Großrudestedt came with other offices of the Weimarer Kreis to the administrative district Weimar , which was also referred to as the 1st administrative district . For the jurisdiction of the abolished Großrudestedt office, the Großrudestedt judicial office was set up, which was renamed the Großrudestedt District Court when the Courts Constitution Act came into force on October 1, 1879 and at the same time assigned to the newly established Weimar Regional Court . The Großrudestedter judicial district itself did not change.

Associated places

Großrudestedt office until 1811

Vogtei Schwansee
Office ring life
Bailiwick of Brembach
Noble places
goods
Desolation
  • Barkhausen
  • Kaltenborn (near Sprötau)
  • Neuendorf (near Alperstedt)
  • Stöllborn and Pissendorf (near Vogelsberg)
  • Zell (near Alperstedt)

Changes from 1811

Places that were affiliated with the Großrudestedt office
Places given by the Großrudestedt office

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the city and office of Buttelstedt
  2. ↑ Architectural and art monuments of Thuringia; Kleinrudestedt on p. 15
  3. ↑ Biography of Duke Johann I of Saxony-Eisenach
  4. ^ History of the community of Ringleben near Gebesee
  5. ^ Chronicle of the community Vogelsberg
  6. ↑ History of Vippachedelhausen ( Memento of the original from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / vg-berlstedt.de
  7. ^ Chronicle of the community Vogelsberg
  8. ^ History of Buttelstedt
  9. ^ Chronicle of Kleinbrembach
  10. ^ Chronicle of Sprötau
  11. ^ History of Ring Life
  12. ↑ Locations of the Prussian district of Erfurt in the municipal directory 1900
  13. ^ Locations of the administrative district Weimar in the municipality register 1900
  14. ↑ Law on the ordinary regional courts of March 8, 1879 ( Reg.Bl. p. 65 ff. ) To be established in the Grand Duchy in accordance with the German Courts Constitution Act of January 27, 1877
  15. ^ Ministerial announcement, the delimitation of the geographical districts of the local courts existing in the Grand Duchy from October 1, 1879 on April 24, 1879 ( Reg.Bl. p. 251 ff. )