Andrew Victor Schally

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Andrew Victor Schally

Andrew Victor Schally ( Polish Andrzej Wiktor Schally ; born November 30, 1926 in Wilno , then Poland , now Lithuania ) is a Polish-American physiologist , endocrinologist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine . He did significant work on the release hormones of the hypothalamus .

Life

Schally, son of the Polish general Kazimierz Schally and Maria Lacka Schally, grew up in Poland, spent the time of National Socialism in Romania and emigrated to Scotland in 1945. He studied chemistry at London University and worked from 1949 research at the National Institute for Medical Research ; his work has been heavily influenced by the work of other notable scientists such as Rodney R. Porter , Archer John Porter Martin . and John Warcup Cornforth . In 1952 he went to Canada and studied biochemistry and endocrinology at McGill University in Montreal. In 1957 he made his PhD in biochemistry there and then became an assistant professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. There he researched hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus. Together with Roger Guillemin , he tried to decipher the chemical structure of CRH hormones , but failed (the structure was not deciphered until 1981). They then focused on other hypothalamic hormones. They later became rivals for years in research and in the struggle for the Nobel Prize, which Nicholas Wade processed into his book The Nobel Duel in 1981 .

In 1962 he became director of an endocrinology laboratory for the research of hypothalamic hormones in New Orleans (Louisiana) and took a position as assistant professor of medicine at Tulane University (from 1966 full professor). He received American citizenship in 1962.

In 1966 he and his colleagues were able to isolate the thyrotropin releasing hormone thyreoliberin (Thyreotropin Releasing Hormone, TRH), and Guillemin finally determined its chemical structure. They provided further important work on the chemical composition and function of other hormones of the hypothalamus, such as gonadoliberin .

AV Schally is the author or co-author of over 2200 scientific publications.

Schally was first married to Margaret Rachel White, with whom he has two children. In 1976 he married Ana Maria de Medeiros-Comaru, a Brazilian endocrinologist who died in 2004.

Awards (selection)

Publications (selection)

  • with A. Arimura, TW Redding a. a .: Hypthalamic neurohormones regulating anterior pituitary function. In: Recent Progr. Hormone Res. Volume 24, 1968, pp. 497-588.
  • with William Locke: The Hypothalamus and Pituitary in Health and Disease. Springfield, IL, 1972, ISBN 0-398-02526-6 .

literature

  • Nicholas Wade: The Nobel Duel: Two scientists' 21-year race to win the world's most coveted research prize , Garden City, NY, 1981, ISBN 0-385-14981-6 .
  • Gisela Baumgart: Schally, Andrew Victor. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1288 f.

Web links

Commons : Andrew Schally  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

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personal data
SURNAME Schally, Andrew Victor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schally, Andrzej Wiktor (Polish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish-American physiologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 30, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Wilno (Wilna), then Poland , now Lithuania