Buildings in Buenos Aires
The Argentine capital, Buenos Aires, has many attractions , some of which have significant historical or artistic value.
Monuments
Mástil in Plaza Colombia
The “Mástil” (German: Mast) is located on Plaza Colombia in the Barracas district . The mast and the sculpture group “Hoisting the Flag” were created by the sculptor Julio C. Vergottini . The sculptural group, made of brass , was cast in Colombia and was a gift from the Colombian government to Buenos Aires in 1940.
Monument to General Manuel Belgrano
The monument to the memory of General Manuel Belgrano is located in the Plaza de Mayo . It is an equestrian bronze statue on a large granite base and shows Belgrano with the Argentine flag. The statue was created by the French sculptor Albert-Ernest Carrier-Belleuse and the Argentine Manuel de Santa Coloma and inaugurated in 1873. The monument was financed by private donations to show the gratitude of the Argentine people towards the general.
Monumento de los Dos Congresos
The monument in the Plaza del Congresoin Montserrat was made of stone from Nancy (France). The design for this comes from the Belgian architect Eugène D'Huicque , the bronze statues were designed by the Belgian artist Jules Lagae . It was made in Brussels and inaugurated on July 9, 1914. It commemorates the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence in 1816 and represents the republic. The allegory at its feet symbolizes abundance. The two minor figures represent the Assembly of 1813 and the Congress of 1816. The memorial is also adorned with depictions of native fauna as well as horses and condors .
Monumento de los Españoles
The "Monumento a La Carta Magna y las Cuatro Regiones Argentinas", as it is officially called, is in the Palermo district . It was donated by the Spanish community in 1910 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the May Revolution . For this reason it is also called simply “Monumento De los Españoles” (Spanish monument). It is 24.5 meters high and is made of Carrara marble and brass. It was created by the Spanish sculptor Agustí Querol Subirats .
On March 5, 1916, the Spanish passenger ship Príncipe de Asturias of the Pinillos Line, coming from Barcelona , sank 78 nautical miles from Rio de Janeiro . In this accident 445 people died and the material intended for the memorial sank in the ocean. A replacement was requested the following year. Finally, on May 25, 1927, the Duke of Amalfi , by order of King Alfonso XIII. , the work symbolically for President Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear .
Monumento a Estrada
The monument in Plaza Loria is dedicated to the historian, journalist and publicist José Manuel Estrada . He was also a politician in Buenos Aires in the second half of the 19th century. The sculpture was commissioned by the city administration in 1937 and inaugurated on November 11, 1947. It was created by the sculptor Héctor Rocha , who also designed the statue of Manuel Belgrano in Plaza Manuel Belgrano and the Monumento a Guillermo Rawson .
Monumento a Giuseppe Garibaldi
The monument in memory of Giuseppe Garibaldi is in the Plaza Italia in Palermo . It was donated by Italian immigrants and designed by the Italian sculptor Eugenio Maccagnani . It is a replica of a statue in Brescia ( Italy ) and was inaugurated on June 19, 1904.
Monumento a General Juan Lavalle
The sculpture is the work of the sculptor Pedro Costa and is located on Calle Tucumán. It was made of marble and sandstone . Bartolomé Miter was the chairman of the commission created to erect the monument. It was created during the reign of Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear . By a strange "coincidence" the monument was erected in front of the house of Felicia Dorrego, the daughter of Juan Manuel de Rosas .
Monument to Mariano Moreno
The Monumento a Mariano Moreno is located in the Plaza Mariano Moreno . It was created by Miguel Blay y Fábregas and inaugurated on October 1, 1910. Mariano Moreno was a lawyer, journalist and politician who played an important role in the May Revolution. He was also the founder of the first Argentine daily newspaper, La Gazeta de Buenos Aires .
Monumento a Bartolomé Miter
The monument to Bartolomé Miter stands in Plaza Miter and was created by the Italians Luis Calandra, David and Eduardo Rubino. The imposing work consists of white Carrara marble and dominates the square.
Monumento las Nereidas
The Nereids Fountain stands today, after several moves, on the "Costanera Sur". It was designed by Lola Mora in 1903 . The sensual and erotic sculpture caused problems for the city administration to find a suitable location.
Lola Mora was a rebel and one of the few female sculptors. She studied in Argentina and Italy, where she did her best work, some of them at the request of the Argentine government. In 1900 she created two bas-reliefs for the Casa Histórica de la Independencia in San Miguel de Tucumán .
Obelisco de Buenos Aires
Main article : Obelisk of Buenos Aires
The obelisk is one of the landmarks of Buenos Aires and also the venue for numerous cultural events. The people of Buenos Aires simply call it El Obelisco .
The obelisk was erected in May 1936 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the city's foundation. Its location on Plaza de la República , the intersection of Avenida 9 de Julio and Avenida Corrientes , was also the place where the Argentine flag was first hoisted on San Nicolás . It is 67 meters high and the base is 49 m² . The obelisk was designed by the architect Alberto Prebisch and the construction took only four weeks.
Monument to Guillermo Rawson
The monument to the doctor and politician Guillermo Rawson was designed by Héctor Rocha, who also designed the “Monumento a Estrada”. It is cast from bronze, the marble base is decorated with the figures "Reason" and "Science". On the right-hand side, a male figure in ancient Roman clothing symbolizes the gift of speech and a seated figure on the left-hand side represents knowledge. On the front it is written: "Laus - Virtus - 1821-1890". The capital of the province of Chubut was also named after Rawson .
Monumento a Julio Argentino Roca
The Monumento a Julio Argentino Roca was inaugurated on October 19, 1941 in Plazoleta Ricardo Tanturi. It has a marble base with two figures symbolizing “home” and “work”, and a granite pedestal crowned with a brass equestrian sculpture by the Uruguayan sculptor José Zorrilla .
Julio Argentino Roca was a general and president of Argentina from 1880 to 1886.
Monument to Juan Manuel de Rosas
The memorial commemorates the former Argentine President de Rosas . It is in the Palermo district . His reign was dominated by violence - he killed many of his opponents and others who did not support him - which is why the monument is surrounded by a high fence for protection.
Monumento al General San Martín
The monument in honor of General José de San Martín is located in the Plaza General San Martín . It was created by Louis-Joseph Daumas in 1862 .
Pirámide de Mayo
.jpg)
The May pyramid stands in the center of the Plaza de Mayo . It is the oldest national monument in Buenos Aires and was commissioned in 1811 to commemorate the first anniversary of the May Revolution. In 1912, changed several times in the meantime, it was moved 63 meters to the east because the idea was to build an even larger monument around it. The May pyramid is crowned by an allegory of freedom, created by the French Joseph Dubourdieu . The pyramid measures 18.76 meters from the bottom to the top.
Torre Monumental
The Torre Monumental , which was called Torre de los Ingleses (Tower of the English) until 1982 , is a clock tower in the Retiro district . It was inaugurated on May 24, 1916. The tower is 75.5 meters high and has eight floors. The tower was a gift to the city from the British-born Argentinians and commemorates the centenary of the May Revolution of 1810. After the Falklands War , the tower was officially renamed Torre Monumental, but some still call it after its original name, Torre de los Ingleses .
Official buildings
Cabildo
Main article : Cabildo de Buenos Aires
The Cabildo (German: City Council) in the Montserrat district was the viceroy's seat of government during the colonial era . The original building was completed in 1610, but after a short time it was too small and had to be expanded. Other changes have been made over the years, including the demolition of three arches on each side. In 1940 the architect Mario Buschiazzo restored the Cabildo on the basis of original documents, but reconstruction of the demolished parts of the building was not possible due to its location.
Today the Cabildo houses the “Museo Nacional del Cabildo y la Revolución de Mayo”. It shows paintings, objects, clothing and jewelry from the 18th century. A fountain from 1835 can be seen in the building's patio.
Casa Rosada
Main article : Casa Rosada
The Casa Rosada (Pink House) is the official residence of the Argentine President. It stands at the eastern end of Plaza de Mayo , a large square that has been surrounded by the city and country's most important political institutions since Buenos Aires was founded in 1580.
On the property, which was originally on the banks of the Río de la Plata , there was first a fort, which was built by Juan de Garay in 1594. In 1713 this was replaced by the Castello San Miguel, which served as the seat of the colonial government. After Argentina's independence, President Bernardino Rivadavia had a portico added in neo-classical style in 1825. In 1857 President Justo José de Urquiza ordered the demolition and a new building. This comes from the architect Edward Taylor. Built in the Italian style, it was the tallest building in Buenos Aires between 1859 and 1890.
Catedral Metropolitana
Main article : Catedral Metropolitana de Buenos Aires
The Catedral Metropolitana de Buenos Aires is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires and as such the main church of the Catholics in Buenos Aires. It is located in the city center in San Nicolás at the intersection of San Martín and Rivadavia (the northwest corner of Plaza de Mayo).
The first church was built on this site in the 16th century. Since then, the church has been demolished and rebuilt several times until it is in its current state. The current building is a mixture of different architectural styles with an 18th century central nave and a 19th century neoclassical facade. Inside it is adorned with valuable statues and an altar from the 18th century as well as with decorations in the neo-renaissance and neo-baroque styles.
Congreso de la Nación
Main article : Argentine Congress Palace
The National Congress is the seat of the legislature , i.e. the parliament. The building is at the end of Avenida de Mayo, opposite Casa Rosada . It was designed by Vittorio Meano and inaugurated in 1906. Since it became too small over time, the offices of the MPs have been moved to an extension from the 1970s.
In front of the congress is the Plaza del Congreso , which is popular with tourists as well as a preferred place for rallies.
Biblioteca Nacional
The National Library of the Republic of Argentina is the largest library in Argentina and one of the most important in America. It is in the Recoleta district . Originally intended as the Buenos Aires Public Library when it was founded in 1810. In 1884 it became the national library. Their first location was a villa belonging to the Jesuits in the Montserrat district . The current building was inaugurated on April 10, 1992. The architects were Clorindo Testa, Francisco Bullrich and Alicia Cazzaniga.
Palacio San Martín
Main article: Palacio San Martín
The San Martín Palace (originally Palacio Anchorena ) stands in the Plaza General San Martín in the Retiro district . From 1936 it served as the Foreign Ministry, today it is used by this for representative purposes. The palace contains many works of art by 20th century Argentine and American artists, including Antonio Berni , Pablo Curatela Manes , Lino Enea Spilimbergo, and Roberto Matta .
Other buildings
Club de Pescadores
Main article : Club de Pescadores
The “Fishermen's Club” is located on the banks of the Río de la Plata on Avenida Costanera Norte .
In 1926 a plan arose to construct a pier with a club house. In 1928 approval was given for this. The pier was inaugurated in 1930 and the house on January 16, 1937. The architect was José N. Quartino . In 2001 the Club de Pescadores was declared a National Historic Monument and has been one of the city's landmarks ever since.
Confitería del Molino
Main article : Confitería del Molino
The coffee house is located at the intersection of Avenida Callao and Avenida Rivadavia in the Balvanera district . When it opened in 1917, it was one of the tallest buildings in the city. It got its name from the windmill blades on the tower. The Del Molino became a popular meeting place for the upper class. The café itself closed on February 23, 1997 and is now only open occasionally to indicate the urgent need for renovation, without which the building will fall into disrepair. In 1997 El Molino was declared a National Historic Monument.
Edificio Kavanagh
The Kavanagh building on 1065 Florida Street was built in the 1930s in the rationalism style by Gregorio Sánchez, Ernesto Lagos and Luis María de la Torre. Its features are the severity of the lines, the absence of ornaments and its large orthorhombic shapes. In 1939 the American Institute of Architects awarded a prize for its facade. In 1999 it was declared a National Historic Monument. It is still one of the most impressive architectural masterpieces in Buenos Aires. 120 meters high, it can still hold its own against the modern city skyline.
SAFICO building
Galerías Pacífico
The Galerías Pacífico is a shopping center on Florida Street at the corner of Avenida Córdoba . The building was built by the architects Emilio Agrelo and Roland Le Vacher in 1889 in the "Beaux Arts style" and was intended as the Argentine Bon Marché department store . The model for this was the Le Bon Marché in Paris .
In 1945 it was rebuilt by the architects José Aslan and Héctor Ezcurra , with the offices being moved from the building. In addition, a large dome was constructed and decorated with 12 frescoes by the artists Lino Enea Spilimbergo , Antonio Berni , Juan Carlos Castagnino , Manuel Colmeiro and Demetrio Urruchúa . These frescoes are among the most important in Buenos Aires.
After being empty for a few years, it was renovated by Juan Carlos López and reopened in 1990 as Galerías Pacífico . As part of the renovation, four more frescoes by Romulo Maccio , Josefina Robirosa , Guillermo Roux and Carlos Alonso were added to the dome. In addition to the shops, the gallery also contains the “Jorge Luis Borges Cultural Center” and the “ Julio Bocca Dance School”.
Palacio Barolo
Main article : Palacio Barolo
The Palacio Barolo is an office building with 22 floors on Avenida de Mayo 1370. It was built by the Italian architect Mario Palanti on behalf of the entrepreneur Luis Barolo . He came to Argentina as an Italian immigrant in 1890 and made a fortune with knitwear. The eclectic design is similar to that of the Palacio Salvo in Montevideo ( Uruguay ). The Palacio Barolo was built in keeping with the idea of the cosmos in Dante's Divine Comedy , inspired by the architect's admiration for the work.
When the palace was completed in 1923, it was the tallest building in South America. It was the tallest building in the city until 1953, when Edificio Kavanagh opened. The lighthouse on top of the building can be seen as far as Montevideo.
Puente de la Mujer
The “women's bridge ” in the Puerto Madero district is a pedestrian bridge and was opened in 2001. It is a design by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava . The bridge is 160 meters long and 6 meters wide, the mast is 39 meters high. The bridge swings to one side to let ships through. It was built in Spain and transported in parts to Buenos Aires. Calatrava said about the bridge that it represented a couple dancing the tango . The mast represents the man, the curved silhouette of the bridge the woman.
Colon Theater
Main article : Teatro Colón
The Teatro Colón opened in 1908 after 20 years of construction and is one of the most important opera houses in the world. The horseshoe-shaped auditorium has 2,487 seats (slightly more than the Royal Opera House in London ), standing room for 1,000 and a stage that is 20 meters wide, 15 meters high and 20 meters deep. As far as acoustics are concerned, it is said to be among the 5 best opera houses in the world.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Barracas: Lugares de interes" Intertournet. Retrieved January 31, 2009
- ^ "Monumento al General Manuel Belgrano" Conozca Buenos Aires. Retrieved January 31, 2009
- ↑ "Obras y Monumentos Sobre Las Plazas Del Congreso" ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Centro Argentino de Ingenieros. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ↑ "Monuments on the Plaza des los Dos Congresos", Buenos Aires Tourist Office. Retrieved January 31, 2009
- ↑ "Monumento de los Españoles" ( Memento of the original of February 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Belgrano" ( Memento of the original from April 10, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Plaza General Lavalle" ( Memento of the original from July 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Obras y Monumentos Sobre Las Plazas Del Congreso" ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Monumento a Bartolomé Miter"
- ↑ Practicosas.com.ar "Lola Mora" ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Guillermo Rawson" ( Memento of the original from May 31, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Ministerio de Cultura. Retrieved January 31, 2009
- ^ "Guillermo Rawson" . Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ↑ "Piden la limpieza y restauración del Monumento de Julio Argentino Roca" Argentina IndyMedia. Retrieved January 31, 2009
- ↑ "Museum Casa Rosada: History" ( Memento of the original from March 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Official website of the Archbishop of Buenos Aires ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Art Destination Buenos Aires
- ↑ Homepage Club de Pescadores ( Memento of the original of February 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Edificio Kavanagh ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 'El Kavanagh, entre los protegidos' , Clarín of April 23, 1999
- ↑ Homepage Galerías Pacífico
- ↑ Homepage Palacio Barolo ( Memento of the original from March 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Puente de la Mujer" ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Homepage Teatro Colon ( Memento of the original from May 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- "Monumentos Historicos De Capital Federal" Intertournet
- "Catalogo De Monumentos" Comisión Nacional de Museos y de Monumentos y Lugares Históricos
- "Do not miss!" Argentine government