Chubut Province
Basic data | |
---|---|
( Details ) |
( Details ) |
Capital: | Rawson |
Surface:
- Total |
Rank 3 of 24 224,686 km² |
Population :
- Total 2010 |
Rank 18 of 24
509,108 inhabitants |
ISO 3166-2 code: | AR-U |
politics | |
Region : | Patagonica region |
Structure: | 15 departments |
Gobernador: | Mario das Neves |
Chubut Province website |
Chubut (Spanish: Provincia del Chubut, IPA: [tʃuˈβut]; Welsh: Talaith Chubut) is one of the five Argentine provinces of Patagonia . It extends from the Andes in the west to the Atlantic in the east. The north and south borders to the provinces of Río Negro and Santa Cruz were once drawn relatively arbitrarily with a ruler. The name comes from the Tehuelche word chupat , which means "transparent" and is a description of the Río Chubut , the only significant river in the region.
population
The population in the province has been growing steadily for decades, from 190,000 (1970) to 263,000 (1980), 357,000 (1991) and 413,237 inhabitants (2001) to 509,108 people in the 2010 census. Nevertheless, the population density in Chubut is still very low. With an area of 224,686 km², there are a little more than two inhabitants per square kilometer. However, around 350,000 live in the four most populous departments with the five larger cities. In all other departments the density is below 1.0 inhabitants / km², in some cases below 0.1 inhabitants / km².
In addition to the official language Spanish, Welsh is also spoken.
Important cities
There are only a handful of major cities in Chubut:
The largest city is Comodoro Rivadavia in the south of the province with 177,000 inhabitants. The administrative seat is the capital Rawson (31,000 inhabitants). Other important cities are Puerto Madryn, Trelew, Esquel and Sarmiento. Gaiman is the cultural hub of the region known as Y Wladfa, which is home to most of the Welsh-speaking Argentines, who number around 5,000 in the Chubut, mainly in the towns of Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin, 25,000 across Argentina.
- Rawson (31,000 Ew.), The provincial capital
- Trelew (100,000 Ew.), An industrial city near Rawson , airport ( IATA code REL) with connections and the like. a. to Buenos Aires and El Calafate
- Puerto Madryn (96,000 Ew.), Starting point for excursions to the peninsula Valdés and to Punta Tombo , therefore mainly tourism , also fishing and aluminum industry
- Comodoro Rivadavia (177,000 Ew.) In the south of the province on the Atlantic coast ; the oil produced in the area around Comodoro Rivadavia covers almost 30% of Argentina's needs
- Esquel (32,000 Ew.) In the Andes Foreland
Other smaller places of limited importance are the agricultural Gaiman in the valley of the Río Chubut, Sarmiento in the center of the province, the tourist town of El Maitén in the Andes and the fishing port of Camarones on the Atlantic coast.
Geography and climate
While the Andes, which rarely reach heights of over 2,500 m in this region, are predominantly covered by wet forests, steppe vegetation and low bush forests ( Monte ) are predominant in the rest of the province . The climate is temperate: the summers are warm at 17 to 22 ° C in the lowlands, while the winters are moderately cold at 2 to 7 ° C. The amount of precipitation is between 150 mm in the east and up to 1500 mm in the wet forest areas of the Andes.
The province is traversed from west to east by the Río Chubut, which forms an elongated canyon and is dammed near Florentino Ameghino to form the reservoir of the same name. In the center of the province there are two large salt lakes, the Lago Musters and the Lago Colhué Huapí , which allow an important oasis around the city of Sarmiento . In this region there are also two petrified forests that are under nature protection.
history
Since about 8000 BC The Patagonia region was settled by people who slowly immigrated from the north (originally from Asia via the Beringia ). They lived nomadically as hunters and gatherers . In travel reports in the 19th century - for example by George Musters and Florence Dixie - they are called Patagonians or " Tehuelche " ; their own name is Aoniken'k.
From the 18th century it is also increasingly on immigration over the Cordilleras of Mapuche from what is now Chile . The two peoples are largely culturally fused today (Tehuelche-Mapuche). Today there are two Tehuelche reserves in Chubut. Mapudungun (the Mapuche - language ) is spoken, the language of the Tehuelche other hand, is almost completely dead .
The colonization of the region by Europeans took place from the second half of the 19th century, especially after the desert campaign by Julio Argentino Roca to a large extent by Welsh people , a fact that can still be seen today in many names of places or events, but also in terms of appearance older buildings can be read. Welsh is still spoken by part of the population in everyday life.
politics
The executive power is in the province of Chubut by the Gobernador exercised. This is elected every four years by direct election. The gobernador is advised by a cabinet of ministers headed by the Minister of State ( Ministro de Estado ) or Executive Minister ( Ministro Coordinador ) chosen by him .
The legislature is exercised during a legislative period of 27 MPs, headed by the Deputy Gobernador ( Vice Gobernador ).
Administrative division
Chubut is divided into 15 departments :
Department | Capital | Area in km² | Population (2010) |
---|---|---|---|
Biedma | Puerto Madryn | 12,950 | 82,883 |
Cushamen | Cushamen | 16,250 | 20,919 |
Escalante | Comodoro Rivadavia | 14,015 | 186,583 |
Florentino Ameghino | Camarones | 16,088 | 1,627 |
Futaleufú | Esquel | 9,435 | 43,076 |
Gaiman | Gaiman | 11,076 | 11,141 |
Gastre | Gastre | 16,335 | 1,427 |
Languiñeo | Tecka | 15,339 | 3,085 |
Martires | Las Plumas | 15,445 | 778 |
Paso de Indios | Paso de Indios | 22,300 | 1,867 |
Rawson | Rawson | 3,922 | 131,313 |
Río Senguer | Alto Río Senguer | 22,335 | 5,979 |
Sarmiento | Sarmiento | 14,563 | 11,396 |
Tehuelches | José de San Martín | 14,750 | 5,390 |
Telsen | Telsen | 19,893 | 1,644 |
economy
In the southeast, around the city of Comodoro Rivadavia , oil and natural gas are produced, making this area the economically leading area in the province. In the northeast, in the lower valley of the Río Chubut, agriculture (especially fruit growing) is practiced, the same applies to some valleys of the Andes around Esquel as well as to the area around Sarmiento in the center. The tourism is significant: as the tourist center can be found in the northeast of Puerto Madryn with the Valdes Peninsula, continue to the seaside resorts are Playa Unión and Rada Tilly and the winter sports center La Hoya worth mentioning in the Andes.
Newspapers
- Crónica and El Patagónico in Comodoro Rivadavia
- El Oeste in Esquel
- El Diario de Madryn in Puerto Madryn
- El Chubut and Jornada in Trelew
- Y Drafod, Welsh language newspaper since 1891
- Clecs Camwy, new Welsh language newspaper since 2011
literature
- Will Kaufman, Heidi Slettedahl Macpherson: Britain and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: a Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia . ABC-CLIO, 2005, ISBN 1-85109-431-8 , p. 218ff ( restricted online version (Google Books) )
- Jürgen Vogt, Argentina, 8th, updated edition 2012/13, Reise Know-How ISBN 3-8317-2112-2
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ "Languages of Argentina" - Ethnologue.com
- ^ "Wales and the World" - Wales.com
- ↑ Rolf Seeler u. Juan Garff: DuMont Travel Guide Argentina Travel Guide. Edition, Mair Dumont, 2015. p. 211.
Coordinates: 44 ° 0 ′ S , 68 ° 0 ′ W