San Miguel de Tucuman

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Tucuman
ESC large ISS004 ISS004-E-6138-Tucuman.JPG
Basic data
Full name: San Miguel de Tucuman
location 26 ° 50 ′  S , 65 ° 12 ′  W Coordinates: 26 ° 50 ′  S , 65 ° 12 ′  W
Height above d. M .: 431  m
Population (2010): 548.866
Agglomeration : Gran San Miguel de Tucuman
  - Population: 830,000 (2001)
  (Argentina)
 
 
administration
Province : TucumanTucuman Tucuman
Department : Capital
Mayor: German Alfaro
Others
Postal code : 4000
Tucumán website
map
Location of Tucumán

San Miguel de Tucumán is the capital of the smallest Argentine province of Tucumán with 548,866 inhabitants (2010, INDEC ).

origin of the name

The city was founded in 1565 as San Miguel de Tucumán y Nueva Tierra de Promisión . The origin of the name Tucumán is controversial. The explanation that the name is derived from an alleged Quechua word Yucuman (“place where the rivers arise”) is not tenable. Another interpretation derives from an even earlier time: According to this, it is said to have been the indigenous people of the region, the Diaguitas , who named the area after their chief Tukma (Tukma-nao = people of Tukma) before the invasion of the Incas . A third derivation connects the origin with the Lule Indians also living in the area, who are said to have named the country after the beetle Tuku-Tuku : Tuku-tuku-manita means "land in which the Tuku-Tuku (beetle ) occurs frequently ".

With San Miguel the Archangel Michael is meant.

history

Governor's Palace in Tucuman

See also: Province of Tucumán under History.

In pre-Columbian times, i.e. before the discovery by the Spanish conquerors, the inhabitants of the area of ​​today's province of Tucumán were strongly influenced by the Inca culture. The Indian group of the Diaguitas-Calchaquíes populated the mountainous area of ​​the eastern Tucumán.

In 1564, eleven years after the founding of the oldest, continuously inhabited city of Santiago del Estero in 1553, the province of Tucumán, Juríes y Diaguitas was founded with its first city, Santiago del Estero.

A year later, on May 31, 1565, Diego de Villarroel founded the city of San Miguel de Tucumán. Due to the quarrelsome Indians and the poor water quality at the original place of foundation, the governor Fernando de Mendoza y Mate de Luna decided on September 27, 1685 to relocate and re-establish the city. In 1776 Tucumán became part of the viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata .

Tucuman Cathedral
San Miguel de Tucuman

After the events of May 25, 1810 in Buenos Aires, when the citizens of the city rebelled against the viceroy, Manuel Belgrano came to Tucumán in 1812 . There he defeated the royal troops on September 24th of the same year in the Battle of Tucumán. Four years and more battles later, on July 9, 1816, the Tucumán Congress declared the independence of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (forerunner of Argentina) from Spain in the building now known as Casa Independencia .

In 1969 the guerrillas, which had been gathering in small groups years earlier, became stronger and there were many attacks in Tucumán.

On September 4, 1970, Carlos Imbaud took over the post of governor in Tucumán for the second time, after having held it temporarily in 1962. Imbaud tried to involve various political parties and the trade unions in his politics. However, this did not have the desired success, and so the year 1970 was again marked by violent unrest and the guerrilla groups Montoneros and ERP Revolutionary People's Army began with their armed actions and assassinations.

population

55 percent of the provincial population of Tucumán live in San Miguel and the immediate vicinity, around 90 percent live in the wider catchment area in the lowlands on a north-south axis of around 80 kilometers between El Cadillal and Juan B. Alberdi .

economy

Sugar cultivation in the province of Tucumán is concentrated around the capital San Miguel de Tucumán. In addition to agriculture, the energy industry with companies such as GASNOR and REFINOR and the food industry with companies: Arcor, Quilmes and Coca-Cola are a decisive economic factor in the region. The most important foreign company in the direct vicinity of San Miguel de Tucumán is the truck manufacturer Scania . In the vicinity of San Miguel de Tucumán is the world's largest growing area of lemons . 50% of the export value comes from lemon oil , the main customer of which is The Coca-Cola Company .

education

San Miguel de Tucumán has two state universities (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, founded in 1914 and the Universidad Tecnologica Nacional - Facultad Regional Tucumán) and a Catholic University (Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino, founded 1965), which are also of national importance.

traffic

Rail transport

Train Buenos Aires – Tucumán in the station of San Miguel de Tucumán

Tucumán used to be an important center of the Argentine rail traffic. In Tafí Viejo there was a large, now closed railway works. Today, with the exception of the route to Buenos Aires, passenger traffic has come to a standstill.

Local transport

Local public transport is handled by buses that also go to the surrounding towns.

Long-distance transport

The Aeropuerto Internacional Teniente General Benjamín Matienzo airport is located east of the city near the suburb of Alderetes . From here there are flight connections to Buenos Aires and Córdoba .

The bus station is two kilometers east of the city center. Most of the long-distance passenger transport and part of the local transport are handled from here.

Road traffic

A bypass motorway runs around Tucumán. The city is still connected to several cities in the northwest and northeast as well as the Pampa region by national roads. The most important of them is the Ruta Nacional 9 , also called Panamericana (it is part of the Panamericana road network , the main axis of which runs through Chile ), which runs from Buenos Aires via Rosario , Córdoba , Santiago del Estero , Tucumán, Salta and San Salvador de Jujuy as far as the border town to Bolivia, La Quiaca .

Climate table

San Miguel de Tucuman
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
211
 
30th
21st
 
 
188
 
29
20th
 
 
168
 
27
19th
 
 
66
 
24
16
 
 
23
 
21st
12
 
 
13
 
18th
9
 
 
10
 
19th
8th
 
 
10
 
22nd
9
 
 
15th
 
23
12
 
 
64
 
27
16
 
 
107
 
28
18th
 
 
163
 
30th
20th
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: wetterkontor.de
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for San Miguel de Tucumán
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 30.3 28.9 27.0 23.8 21.1 18.1 18.5 21.6 23.4 27.4 28.4 29.8 O 24.8
Min. Temperature (° C) 20.7 20.0 19.0 15.7 12.0 8.6 7.5 9.2 11.5 15.7 17.8 19.7 O 14.8
Precipitation ( mm ) 211 188 168 66 23 13 10 10 15th 64 107 163 Σ 1,038
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 7.6 7.2 6.3 5.6 5.6 5.2 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.8 6.5 5.2 O 6.3
Rainy days ( d ) 10 10 9 9 3 2 3 2 3 5 7th 10 Σ 73
Humidity ( % ) 75 77 81 82 80 78 72 64 62 62 68 73 O 72.8
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
30.3
20.7
28.9
20.0
27.0
19.0
23.8
15.7
21.1
12.0
18.1
8.6
18.5
7.5
21.6
9.2
23.4
11.5
27.4
15.7
28.4
17.8
29.8
19.7
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		211
188
168
66
23
13
10
10
15th
64
107
163
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: wetterkontor.de

sons and daughters of the town

Town twinning

San Miguel de Tucumán lists the following five twin cities :

city country since
Concepción Escudo de Concepción (Chile) .svg ChileChile Bío-Bío, Chile 2013
Erfurt DEU Erfurt COA.svg GermanyGermany Thuringia, Germany 1993
Nof HaGalil Coat of Arms of Nazareth Illit.svg IsraelIsrael Northern District, Israel 1995
Santa Cruz de la Sierra ESCUDO DE SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA BOLIVIA.svg BoliviaBolivia Santa Cruz, Bolivia 1997
Sucre Escudo de sucre.JPG BoliviaBolivia Chuquisaca, Bolivia 2012

Web links

Commons : San Miguel de Tucumán  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ En limones, los líderes mundiales. From: clarin.com (Spanish), May 26, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2013
  2. ↑ Hermanamiento de Ciudades. Accessed June 1, 2020 .