Belvès
| Belvés | ||
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| local community | Pays de Belvès | |
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Dordogne | |
| Arrondissement | Sarlat-la-Canéda | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 47 ′ N , 1 ° 0 ′ E | |
| Post Code | 24170 | |
| Former INSEE code | 24035 | |
| Incorporation | January 1, 2016 | |
| status | Commune déléguée | |
| Website | www.belves-en-perigord.com | |
 Belvès - town view |
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Belvès ( Occitan : Belvés ) is a place and a commune déléguée in the municipality of Pays de Belvès with 1,300 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the old cultural region of the Périgord in southwest France in the Dordogne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region . Belvès is classified as one of the Plus beaux villages de France ( Most Beautiful Villages in France ).
location
Belvès is located at an altitude of about 160 m , about 36 kilometers southwest of Sarlat-la-Canéda and a good 50 kilometers east of Bergerac . The small town of Mouzens is located about 10 kilometers north on the north bank of the Dordogne .
Population development
| year | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2012 |
| Residents | 1630 | 1623 | 1581 | 1553 | 1431 | 1483 | 1417 |
In the 19th century, the place usually had well over 2000 inhabitants. The phylloxera crisis in viticulture and the loss of jobs due to the mechanization of agriculture have led to a significant population decline since then.
economy
Up to the present day agriculture has played the largest role in the economic life of the Commune déléguée: The viticulture that was once also practiced here, however, was completely given up after the phylloxera crisis ; Tobacco and corn are also on the decline - instead walnut , chestnut and fruit trees dominate the region. Some vacant houses are rented out as holiday apartments ( gîtes ).
history
In pre-Roman times, Celts from the Petrocorier tribe lived on both banks of the Dordogne. The Romans, Gallo-Romans and Visigoths left only scant traces. After the Battle of Vouillé (507), the Franks also settled large areas in southern France. From around the year 660 the region belonged to the domain of the Dukes of Aquitaine , who under Eudes († 735) actually ruled huge areas in the south of the Franconian Empire.
Around the year 853 the name Belves first appeared in a document; in 848 the Normans looted and destroyed a monastery here, which was rebuilt a short time later, but again destroyed. The archbishops of Bordeaux had the place secured by a castrum around 1095 . At the beginning of the 13th century, parts of the population adopted the Cathar faith , which was almost eradicated only a little later during the Albigensian Crusades (1209–1229). In the Treaty of Paris (1259) Aquitaine was awarded to the English crown; In 1319 the Dominican Order founded a monastery in front of the city. After tax increases, many cities in Aquitaine rose against the English; in 1369 the English garrison was driven out of Belvès, but was able to return shortly thereafter. The Hundred Years War (1337–1453) also raged in the south of France - some cities often saw different masters. In 1442, after a month-long siege, Belvès surrendered to Arthur III. , later Duke of Brittany , commanded troops.
The religiously motivated conflicts of the 16th century culminated in the Huguenot Wars (1562–1598); in 1575, Belvès was captured by Protestant troops, later evacuated and re-conquered in 1577. Sarlat joined the Catholic League in 1591 ; On the orders of the Parliament of Bordeaux, Belvès became the seat of a seneschal who was recalled after Henry IV officially assumed office in 1594. In the same year the region experienced religious and social peasant revolts ( jacqueries ), which would last well into the 16th century.
In the revolutionary years 1790–1795 Belvés was the district capital .
The municipality of Belvès merged with Saint-Amand-de-Belvès on January 1st, 2016 to form the Commune nouvelle Pays de Belvès.
Attractions
- There are a few cave dwellings ( maisons troglodytes ) in Belvès , which were probably inhabited from the 13th to the 18th centuries.
- The architectural remains of the Château de Belvès essentially date from the 15th and 16th centuries.
- The Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption church is a single-nave construction from the 15th / 16th centuries. Century with side chapels, which has replaced older churches of the 9th and 13th centuries. It was recognized as a Monument historique in 2000 .
- The remains of the Hôtel Bontemps , a city palace of the Archbishops of Bordeaux from the 16th century, were recognized as a monument historique as early as 1948 .
- The market hall ( hall ) standing on wooden supports was for centuries the economic and - besides the church - also the social center of the city.
- Remnants of a medieval hospital are also preserved.
Cave dwelling
Château de Belvès
Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption
Hotel Bontemps
Hall
Tour de l'Hôpital
Surroundings
- The Romanesque church of the village of Fongalop still has ornamented archivolts portal and a bell gable ( clocher mur ).
- The Manoir de Pech Godou is about two kilometers outside the village, but is privately owned.
Fongalop Church
literature
- Albert Vigié: Histoire de la châtellenie de Belvès. In: Bulletin de la Société Historique et Archéologique du Périgord. Vol. 28, 1901, pp. 72-104 .
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Belvès (French)
- Belvès - photos + brief information (French)
Individual evidence
- ^ Belvès on Les plus Beaux Villages de France
- ↑ a b Belvès - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved February 14, 2015 (French).
- ↑ Alexis de Gourgues (ed.): Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne . Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 1873, p. 19 (French, BNF [accessed February 14, 2015]).
- ^ Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, Belvès in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French).
- ^ Hôtel Bontemps, Belvès in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French).