Sarlat-la-Canéda
| Sarlat-la-Canéda | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Dordogne | |
| Arrondissement | Sarlat-la-Canéda ( sub-prefecture ) | |
| Canton | Sarlat-la-Canéda ( Chef-lieu ) | |
| Community association | Sarlat-Black Perigord | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 53 ' N , 1 ° 13' E | |
| height | 102-319 m | |
| surface | 47.13 km 2 | |
| Residents | 8,869 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 188 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 24200 | |
| INSEE code | 24520 | |
| Website | http://www.sarlat.fr/ | |
 Choir side of the cathedral |
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Sarlat-la-Canéda is a commune in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the Dordogne department with 8,869 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017). The city is the seat of the sub-prefecture ( French Sous-préfecture ) of the arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda . On March 1, 1965, the municipalities of Sarlat and La Canéda were merged to form Sarlat-la-Canéda.
Sarlat-la-Canéda is located in a valley of the Périgord noir surrounded by wooded hills . The city with its medieval townscape, which dates back to the 13th to the 16th century and gives the impression of an official and trading town of the Ancien Régime , is the tourist center of the region.
history
The abbey around which the town of Sarlat developed was probably founded by Duke Pippin of Aquitaine between 820 and 840 . The place grew in the shadow of the brotherhood and gained increasing independence in the 13th century. In 1317 Pope John XXII. Sarlat became the bishopric : the abbey church became Saint-Sacerdos cathedral , and the monks formed the cathedral chapter .
The trading and merchant town flourished in the 13th and the beginning of the 14th centuries, but the Hundred Years War ruined it. Although Sarlat was never taken by the English , with the Peace of Brétigny in 1360 it finally fell into their hands. When the fighting flared up again in 1370, Sarlat joined the troops of Charles V and was involved in the reconquest of the Perigord in 1404. It was a dearly bought victory that left the diocese in ruins. Without hesitation, however, reconstruction began; Many of the houses built in the style of the early Renaissance date from the period between 1450 and 1500 .
Armand de Gontaut-Biron , appointed bishop in 1492, completed the Sainte-Marie church, begun in 1368. In 1553 a new bishop, the Florentine Nicolas I Gaddi , Cardinal of Saint-Théodore and a relative of the Caterina de 'Medici , had the Episcopal Palace next to the cathedral built in the Italian style . Due to the wealthy upper bourgeoisie formed around bishops, judges, officials and dignitaries of the chapter, a lush cultural life developed in the middle of the 16th century, in which the writer Étienne de La Boétie, who was born in Sarlat, also played a part.
| Population development | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2009 | 2016 |
| Residents | 8801 | 9765 | 9670 | 9909 | 9751 | 9541 | 8946 |
Historical old city
From the 17th century onwards, Sarlat was politically insignificant and increasingly impoverished. The building fabric deteriorated over time, until the French government passed a monument preservation law in 1962, which was specifically aimed at the restoration of historic old town centers. The restoration lasted from 1964 to 1974 and encompassed not only the historical buildings but the entire old town district of Sarlat. Since then, the “resurrected” city has been in the spotlight, which has caused tourism to skyrocket. Today Sarlat has one million visitors a year.
Nothing is left of the ramparts and moats that surrounded the old town until the 18th century. The trenches were filled in and a large boulevard was laid out on them. There are only a few remains of the old city wall. In addition, a dead straight street, the Rue de la République, was laid out in the 19th century, which cut a path through the grown old town center and has since divided it into an eastern and a western half.
The focal points of the old town are the basilica and the town hall. Otherwise, buildings from the Middle Ages , Renaissance and Baroque are naturally next to each other. The church, the most valuable piece of equipment of which is the organ from the 17th century, has a mighty bell tower with a Romanesque base.
In the small square in front of the church are the former bishop's palace with an open loggia on the upper floor and the Maison de La Boétie , where the politician and writer Étienne de La Boétie , friend of Michel de Montaignes , was born in 1530. Behind the cathedral is the Lanterne des Morts , a cylindrical tower that probably served mainly as a funeral lantern or chapel .
The spacious market square is just a few steps from the church, in front of the baroque town hall. Elegant palaces surround the square; underneath is the winding Hôtel de Maleville . The secularized parish church of Sainte-Marie and the Hôtel Chassaing on the north side serve as the backdrop for the annual theater festival. Behind it is the small Place des Oies , which is also framed by picturesque old houses.
Culture
The city hosts the second oldest film festival in France (after the Avignon Festival founded in 1948 ). Since 1962, the last two weeks of July and the first week of August have been performing on the central market square. In addition, there have been performances in the newly built congress hall on the edge of the old town for several years. The festival location quickly shed the initial reputation of provinciality; today it also attracts many ensembles from abroad.
Sarlat with its picturesque backdrop was one of the filming locations for the US film Ever After from 1998.
Surroundings
About three kilometers north of the city center of Sarlat is the small Romanesque pilgrimage church Notre-Dame de Temniac .
Town twinning
Gouda in the Dutch province of South Holland is twin town of Sarlat-la-Canéda.
Personalities
Sons and daughters
- Étienne de La Boétie (1530–1563), lawyer and writer, a friend of Michel de Montaigne
- Gautier de Costes de La Calprenède (1609 / 1614–1663), writer
- Henri Debidour (1907–1990), politician, member of the first and second constituent national assemblies
- Jean-Luc Delpech (* 1979), cyclist
- Thorsten Droste (1950–2011, honorary citizen of Sarlat)
- François Fournier-Sarlovèse (1773–1827), cavalry general of the First Empire
- Pierre Lachambeaudie (1806–1872), fabulous poet
- Gabriel Tarde (1843–1904), lawyer, criminologist, sociologist and social psychologist
active in Sarlat
- Victor Nessmann (1900–1944), doctor in Sarlat from 1940 to 1943, resistance fighter and victim of National Socialism; Name giver of the ring road Boulevard Nessmann
literature
- Jean-Luc Aubarbier, Michel Binet: Lovable Périgord. Ouest-France, Rennes 1990, ISBN 2-7373-0299-4 , p. 10.
- Susanne Böttcher (Ed.): Périgord, Dordogne, Limousin. (= The Green Guide. ) Travel-House-Media, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8342-8995-7 , p. 299.
- Thorsten Droste : Périgord. Dordogne and Quercy. The landscapes in the heart of south-west France. DuMont, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7701-4003-6 , p. 121 ff.
- Martin Thomas, Thorsten Droste, Julia Hennings: Périgord. CJ Bucher, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7658-1028-2 , p. 120.
Individual evidence
- ^ Julia Droste-Hennings et al .: France, the southwest. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern, 2007 , page 144
- ↑ France Diplomatie - CNCD ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
