Marquay (Dordogne)
| Marquay | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Dordogne | |
| Arrondissement | Sarlat-la-Canéda | |
| Canton | Sarlat-la-Canéda | |
| Community association | Sarlat-Black Perigord | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 57 ′ N , 1 ° 8 ′ E | |
| height | 80-288 m | |
| surface | 24.27 km 2 | |
| Residents | 577 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 24 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 24620 | |
| INSEE code | 24255 | |
| Website | www.marquay.fr | |
 View of Marquay |
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Marquay is a commune of 577 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . It is located in the middle of an area with important prehistoric sites in the Périgord noir .
geography
Marquay is 137 kilometers northeast of Bordeaux , 40 kilometers southwest of Brive-la-Gaillarde and about 10 kilometers northwest of Sarlat-la-Canéda , the capital of the arrondissement of the same name . Neighboring municipalities of Marquay are Peyzac-le-Moustier in the northwest, Tamniès in the north, Saint-André-d'Allas in the southeast and Meyrals in the southwest. The municipal area covers 2,427 hectares, the mean height is 184 meters above sea level , the Mairie stands at an altitude of 220 meters. The Beune crosses the municipality.
Marquay is assigned to a climate zone of type Cfb (according to Köppen and Geiger ): warm, moderate rainy climate (C), fully humid (f), warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C (b). There is a maritime climate with a moderate summer.
history
In the 13th century, the Seigneurie and Puymartin Castle belonged to the former Saint-Sacerdos Abbey in Sarlat-la-Canéda. In 1271 the abbot gave the fief to the Serviens family. In the course of the Hundred Years War , the castle was conquered by the English in 1357 and destroyed in 1358. The complex was rebuilt around 1450. During the Huguenot Wars (1562–1598) it served as a base for the Catholics.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1793 | 800 |
| 1861 | 1032 |
| 1896 | 816 |
| 1926 | 606 |
| 1975 | 406 |
| 2016 | 575 |
The division into seigneuries was ended by the French Revolution (1789–1799). In 1793 Marquay received the status of a municipality and in 1801 through the administrative reform under Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) the right to local self-government .
Culture and sights
Prehistoric sites
In the hamlet of La Grèze on the edge of the municipality there is a cave with rock carvings from the Paleolithic . The cave was discovered early and, since 1914, the prehistorian Henri Breuil used the rock carving of a bison from this cave for his dating system. The cave is now privately owned and was entered in the additional directory of the Monuments historiques in 2009 and is therefore listed .
A little southwest of La Grèze is the prehistoric site of Laussel, where the first excavations were carried out as early as 1897 . This site was entered in the supplementary directory of the Monuments historiques in 2007 . Today it is owned by a private association.
Another cave with petroglyphs is the Puymartin Cave. It houses a bas-relief of a horse. The cave is privately owned and was listed as a historic monument in 1995.
The Abri des Cap Blanc is located between the La Grèze cave and Laussel Castle . From the parking lot of the site you can look over the valley of the Beune to the Château de Commarque . The state of France bought the Abri, discovered in 1908, in 2006. In the Abri there is a sculpted frieze that is thirteen meters long and consists of two sections showing a total of fourteen figures in high or low relief. Eight of the figures represent horses. There are remains of paint on the figures. It is the only prehistoric sculpture frieze that is open to the public. It is dated to the middle Magdalenian and can be visited all year round. The Abri is classified as a Monument historique and is also listed as a World Heritage Site . When it was discovered, the skeleton of a woman between the ages of 25 and 35 was found in the cave. The bones were sold to the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago in 1926. Today a facsimile is shown at the site .
Saint-Pierre-ès-Liens church
The Romanesque fortified church on the outskirts of Marquay on the thoroughfare dates from the 12th and 13th centuries. A special feature is the transept , the arms of which form apsidal chapels . Handsome houses in the typical Périgord style are grouped around the church. The building was classified as a Monument historique in 1910 .
Puymartin Castle
Puymartin Castle , which is equipped with watch towers and curtains , was built around 1269. The two residential buildings are connected with towers and machicolations . The fireplace and wall hangings have been preserved in the great hall. The castle was restored around 1890 . In the castle there are several listed furniture and works of art from the 16th to 18th centuries. The facility can be visited from April to November.
Economy and Infrastructure
In 2009, 33.8 percent of the workforce were employed in the municipality, the rest were commuters . 10 percent of the employees were unemployed .
There is a primary school in the community.
In the municipality, there are controlled designations of origin (AOC) for hazelnuts (Noix du Périgord) and protected geographical indications (IGP) for veal (Veau du Limousin) , lamb (Agneau du Périgord and Agneau du Quercy) , pork (Porc du Limousin) , ham (Jambon de Bayonne) , ducks for foie gras (Canard à foie gras du Sud-Ouest) and wines called Périgord .
literature
- Susanne Böttcher (Ed.): Périgord, Dordogne, Limousin. (= The Green Guide. ) Travel-House-Media, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8342-8995-7 , p. 304.
- Jean-Luc Aubarbier, Michel Binet: Lovable Périgord. Ouest-France, Rennes 1990, ISBN 2-7373-0299-4 , p. 77.
Web links
- Marquay at Cassini (French)
- Marquay in the Base Mémoire des Ministère de la Culture (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Le village de Marquay. In: Annuaire-Mairie.fr. Retrieved November 26, 2012 (French).
- ↑ a b c d Entry of the castle in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ a b Le Château de Puymartin. (No longer available online.) In: chateau-de-puymartin.com. Archived from the original on October 10, 2012 ; Retrieved November 26, 2012 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Marquay - notice communal. In: Cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved November 26, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Abri du Cap Blanc. In: Hominidés.com. Retrieved November 26, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Entry No. 24255 in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Commune: Marquay (24255). Theme: Tous les thèmes. In: Insee.fr. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on November 26, 2012 (French).
