District Court (Bavaria)
District courts were the courts of second instance in the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1857 to 1879. They had existed in the Palatinate (Bavaria) since 1817.
history
As a result of the Congress of Vienna , the Palatinate came to Bavaria in 1816. The Kingdom of Bavaria took over the previous French court organization in its basic features. The previous district or arrondissement courts existed there, from 1817 as courts of second instance under the name of district courts. In the main part of Bavaria, however, the large number of previous city, country, sovereign and patrimonial courts continued to exist.
As part of the March Revolution , calls were made for the abolition of patrimonial jurisdiction, the separation of judiciary and administration and a uniform judicial organization. However, implementation was delayed by a few years. With the law of July 1, 1856, the judicial system in Bavaria was reorganized. The previous district and city courts were repealed and 34 new district courts, modeled on the Palatinate, took their place. They were courts of first instance for the cities in which they had their seat and for the landlords . For all other matters, they were second instance courts in criminal and civil matters.
Single judges decided in the district courts. Since the district courts were both first and second instance in urban and professional ethics matters, a different single judge of the same court than the first instance decision-maker was commissioned to decide on the appeal in these cases. With the Courts Constitution Act of November 10, 1861, jurisdiction at first instance ceased to exist.
Regional and city courts were subordinate to the district courts. The higher-level courts were the appellate courts .
When the German Courts Constitution Act came into force in 1879, eleven district courts were dissolved and the remaining ones were converted into regional courts .
List of District Courts
literature
- Wilhelm Volkert (Hrsg.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980. 1983, ISBN 3406096697 , pp. 121-122, 606.