Castiglione d'Orcia

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Castiglione d'Orcia
coat of arms
Castiglione d'Orcia (Italy)
Castiglione d'Orcia
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
Coordinates 43 ° 1 '  N , 11 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 1 '0 "  N , 11 ° 37' 0"  E
height 540  m slm
surface 141 km²
Residents 2,260 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 16 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 53023
prefix 0577
ISTAT number 052007
Popular name Castiglionesi
Patron saint Santo Stefano (December 26th)
Website Castiglione d'Orcia municipality
Panorama of Castiglione d'Orcia
Panorama of Castiglione d'Orcia

Castiglione d'Orcia is a place with 2260 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Siena , Tuscany region in Italy .

geography

Location of Castiglione d'Orcia in the province of Siena

The place extends over 141  km² . It is located about 40 km southeast of Siena and 90 km southeast of Florence in the Val d'Orcia near the Via Cassia and the Via Francigena on the rivers Orcia (15 km in the local area) and the Torrenti Asso (1 km in the local area), duck (1 km in the local area), Formone (6 km in the local area), Onzola (9 km in the local area), Vellora (13 km in the local area) and Vivo (5 km in the local area). The place is in the climatic classification of Italian communities in Zone E, 2262 GR / G.

The districts (Frazioni) include Bagni San Filippo , Belvedere (850 m, approx. 20 inhabitants), Campiglia d'Orcia , Gallina (also called Osteria Gallina , 316 m, approx. 150 inhabitants), Monte Amiata Scalo (also belongs to Montalcino, 184 m, approx. 30 inhabitants), Montieri (937 m, approx. 15 inhabitants), Pietrineri (654 m, approx. 20 inhabitants), Poggio Rosa (525 m, approx. 60 inhabitants), Rocca d'Orcia and Vivo d'Orcia .

The neighboring communities are Abbadia San Salvatore , Castel del Piano ( GR ), Montalcino , Pienza , Radicofani , San Quirico d'Orcia and Seggiano (GR).

history

The place was first mentioned in the Middle Ages as Santo Stefano in Tutona . In 1014 the place appears as a property of the Aldobrandeschi family under the name Petra , in 1094 under the name Castrum Leonis (Löwenburg, based on the Aldobrandeschi coat of arms). The rights to the place were sold by the Aldobrandeschi under Ildebrandino Novello on November 28, 1154 to Ranieri, a monk of the monastery of San Salvatore di Monte Amiata . With the division of the various family frames , the place fell as Castellione Vallis Urcie in the 13th century to the Aldobrandeschi from Santa Fiora . After the battle of Montaperti , the place was in conflict between Siena and Florence or between Ghibellines and Guelphs , whereby the Senese accused the place of harboring insurgents. In April 1300 the city of Siena received a declaration of renunciation of the area from the Counts Guido e Guglielmo di Santa Fiora, which was purchased for 3000  florins . From 1309 the new lords from Siena expanded the city walls and the castle and gave the place as Pegno first to the Piccolomini families and from 1368 to the Salimbeni from Siena, who stayed until their conflict with the city lords of Siena (1418). In 1554, a year before the Republic of Siena was defeated by Florence, the town fell to the Medici and was then incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany . From 1605 the place was given as a fief to the Bolognese Count Giulio Riario, who led it until the end of the 17th century. The municipal area was expanded in 1867 when the current districts of Castiglione d'Orcia, Bagni San Filippo , Campiglia d'Orcia and Vivo d'Orcia were detached from the municipality of Abbadia San Salvatore and added to Castiglione d'Orcia.

Attractions

Pieve dei Santi Stefano e Degna , main church in the center, in the background the Monte Amiata
Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena , church just outside the city walls
  • Briccole (Briccole di Sotto, Latin Abricula ), stage of the Via Francigena with the former church of San Pellegrino , already mentioned by Sigerich the Serious . Later belonged to the Abbey of San Salvatore and then to the Salimbeni.
  • Chiesa di San Biagio , church in the district of Campiglia d'Orcia .
  • Chiesa della Madonna delle Grazie di Manno , church in the district of Rocca d'Orcia .
  • Chiesa di San Filippo Benizi , church in the district of Bagni San Filippo.
  • Chiesa della Compagnia di San Giovanni Battista , church in the center of the village.
  • Chiesa di San Sebastiano , church in the Rocca d'Orcia district.
  • Chiesa di San Simeone , main church in the Rocca d'Orcia district.
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena , church just outside the town center. from the 12th century with a facade from the 13th century.
  • Chiesa della Madonna , church inside the Ripa d'Orcia castle .
  • Oratorio di San Benedetto (also called Ermicciolo ), district of Vivo d'Orcia .
  • Palazzo Cervini (Eremo Camaldolese di Contea, also called Eremo di San Benedetto , part of the Eremo del Vivo ) in the district of Vivo d'Orcia.
  • Piazza Il Vecchietta , town hall square in the historic center with a fountain from 1618.
  • Pieve di San Marcello , Pieve in the district of Vivo d'Orcia.
  • Pieve dei Santi Stefano e Degna , Pieve from the 16th century. Contains works by Simone Martini ( Madonna col Bambino , came from the Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena ), Pietro Lorenzetti ( Madonna col Bambino , created around 1329) and the Vecchietta ( Madonna col Bambino in trono incoronata dagli Angeli , created around 1450), the can be found today in the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena . The work Madonna seduto in trono col Bambino ei Santi Sebastiano, Rocco, Stefano e Macario papa by Giovanni di Bartolomeo Alberti from 1531 still exists today. In addition, two frescoes from the 16th century were discovered in 1892 ( Madonna in trono e Santi and Madonna in trono col Bambino e Santi ) and a lunette in the style of Girolamo del Pacchia ( Pietà ).
  • Ripa d'Orcia , castle first mentioned on July 18, 1213 as Ripa al Cotone in a document from the Republic of Siena. Attached to the Salimbeni in the 14th century. Was taken over by the Hospital Santa Maria della Scala in Siena on March 31, 1422 and is now privately owned.
  • Sala d'Arte San Giovanni , art room in the former church of San Giovanni. Contains works by Simone Martini , Giovanni di Paolo and des Vecchiettas.

literature

Web links

Commons : Castiglione d'Orcia  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ comuni-italiani.it on Castiglione d'Orcia , accessed on April 9, 2013 (ital.)
  3. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the rivers in Castiglione d'Orcia , accessed on April 9, 2013 (Italian)
  4. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on April 8, 2013 (Italian) (PDF; 322 kB)
  5. ↑ Official website of ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on 2001 population figures in the province of Siena, accessed on April 8, 2013 (Italian)
  6. ↑ a b c Corridori / Santioli
  7. ↑ a b Repetti
  8. ↑ a b I percorsi della Via Francigena nelle terre di Siena
  9. ↑ a b c Santi
  10. ↑ Enrico Bosi: I Castelli della Toscana. Il Senese , Bonechi Editrice, Florence 1981, ISBN 88-7009-137-6 , p. 56
  11. ↑ Website of the Musei Senesi for the Sala d'Arte San Giovanni , accessed on April 13, 2013 (Italian)