Prussian T 3
T 3 (Prussia) DR series 89.70–75 DR series 89.62 PKP TKh1 |
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Prussian T 3
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Numbering: | DR 89 7001-7511 |
Number: | over 1,300 |
Manufacturer: | Henschel et al. a. |
Year of construction (s): | 1882ff. |
Retirement: | 1968 |
Type : | C n2t |
Genre : | Gt 33.10 |
Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
Length over buffers: | 8,300 / 8,591 mm |
Service mass: | 28.9 t - 31.9 t |
Friction mass: | 28.9 t - 31.9 t |
Wheel set mass : | 10.0 t - 12.0 t |
Top speed: | 40 km / h |
Indexed performance : | 213 kW / 290 PSi |
Driving wheel diameter: | 1,100 mm |
Number of cylinders: | 2 |
Cylinder diameter: | 350 mm |
Piston stroke: | 550 mm |
Boiler overpressure: | 12 bar |
Grate area: | 1.35 m² |
Evaporation heating surface: | 55.67 m² |
Water supply: | 5.0 m³ |
Fuel supply: | 1.9 tons of coal |
Brake: | z. T. air brake |
The class T 3 locomotives of the Prussian State Railways were triple- coupled tank locomotives without running axles . They were together with the two-axle T 2 , the first steam engines , according to the Standards were built. Henschel delivered the first copies in 1882.
technology
The T 3 had a wet steam - engine with two cylinders , which in the middle coupled axle worked. The flat slides were moved by an external Allan control . The water supply was housed in a frame water tank under the boiler ; the coal boxes were to the left and right of the fire box in front of the driver's cab . In front of it was a filler neck for the water tank.
The springs of the two front wheel sets were connected with equalizing levers above the circuit.
The early T 3 did not have a steam dome , but only a regulator attachment from which the inlet pipes outside the boiler led directly to the cylinders. The axle load of these locomotives was around 10 t (see 1st picture).
Later deliveries (from 1887) had a steam dome, and the inlet pipes were laid through the smoke chamber. Due to the steam dome, the arrangement of the sandpit and sand spreader was also changed. In addition, the amount of water and coal carried was increased. The rear wall of the driver's cab was now level and no longer beveled in the lower part. The length over the buffers increased from 8300 to 8591 mm, the axle load increased to 11 t (see 2nd picture).
From 1903 the stocks were increased again, and the T 3 could now carry 5 m³ of water and 1.9 t of coal. The axle load of this "reinforced normal design" or "normal design (6 t)" version was 12 t.
The Crefeld C type was also a reinforced version of the original T 3.
The T 3 were based on the sample sheet III-4e, derived from the branch line standard 12 of 1882/83, which had three editions or supplements over the years. With addenda 1 and 2, the brakes and the frame were strengthened, with addendum 3 the frame was lengthened, a dome was placed on the middle boiler section and the rear wall of the driver's cab was made straight. The reinforced T 3 according to sample sheet III-4p was then a new design.
T 3 for other railways
A total of more than 1,300 T 3s were built for the Prussian State Railways. But numerous other railways at home and abroad, from factory railways to state railways , also procured locomotives based on the T 3 model, including the
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (see Mecklenburg T 3 )
- Grand Ducal Oldenburg State Railways (see Oldenburg T 3 )
- Brunswick State Railway (BLE)
- District of Oldenburg Railway (KOE)
- Zschipkau-Finsterwalder Railway (ZFE)
- Kleinbahn Bielstein-Waldbröl (two copies, similar to the T 3)
After the First World War, at least 24 machines remained in Poland and four in the Free City of Gdansk . In contrast to most of the handover of locomotives from the German Reich to the victors of the war, the T 3 were machines that were located in the areas given to Poland, because the Entente had little interest in the relatively old design. The PKP carried the T 3 under the series designation TKh1.
Numbering at the DR
In 1925, the Deutsche Reichsbahn took over 511 Prussian T 3s as class 89.70-75 . The 473 locomotives of the older types were given the numbers 89 7001-7456, 7473-7476 and 7499-7511. The 38 locomotives of the reinforced design were given the numbers 89 7457-7472 and 89 7477-7498.
The DR was not very consistent in integrating the locomotives from private railways that were later taken over . So it came about that different types of locomotives were mixed in the class 89.75, some with consecutive numbers.
- The locomotives numbered directly after the Prussian T 3 with the numbers 89 7512-7521 were not T 3, but industrial locomotives built by Jung (type "Pudel") of the former Bremen port railway , which had been taken over by the DR in 1930. With a coupling axle load of 15 t, these locomotives were significantly heavier than the T 3, had a Heusinger control and a small coal box behind the driver's cab.
- The T 3 of the BLE taken over by the DR in 1938 were given the numbers 89 7531-7540. 89 7535 was handed over to the Gardelegen-Haldensleben-Weferlinger railway in 1938 .
- 89 7541, also from the BLE, only corresponded to the T 3 in terms of the frame and chassis. The dimensions of the cylinders, grate and heating surfaces, however, were different.
- After the takeover of the railway in 1941, the three T 3s of the KOE were given the numbers 89 7556, 89 7557 and 89 7559. The 89 7558 was not a T 3, but a slightly more powerful design, a "Bismarck" type industrial locomotive built by Henschel .
- The T 3s of the ZFE taken over in 1943 had already been taken out of service at this point; the locomotives with the numbers 89 7560-89 7564 were of a different design, but with a 12 t coupling axle load they were not more powerful than the T 3.
After the Second World War
By the beginning of 1931, the DR number had been reduced to 254 units, but after the Second World War numerous T 3s still came to the Deutsche Bundesbahn and Deutsche Reichsbahn , where the last locomotives were not decommissioned until the mid-1960s.
The very last T 3 still in active service until 1979 was the factory locomotive of the Warburg sugar factory .
German Reichsbahn
After 1945, the Deutsche Reichsbahn took over numerous other T 3s from factory and private railways as 89 953, 5901–5903, 6001–6016, 6018, 6101–6132, 6134–6159, 6161, 6163, 6164, 6204–6211, 6215, 6216 , 6218, 6220, 6221, 6228–6232, 6235, 6306, 7566–7568, 7571–7573 and 7578. These included several “real” Prussian T 3s.
The former 89 7535 of the Gardelegen-Neuhaldensleben-Weferlinger Railway was incorporated into the DR portfolio in 1949 and was given the number 89 6220 there. This locomotive was not retired until 1967 as one of the last T 3s.
Four more copies that came from the Oderbruchbahn were converted by the DR in 1960 and equipped with tenders. These locomotives were given the numbers 89 6222-6225. One example received a two-axle tender , the other three a type 3 T 12. This later also replaced the two -axle tender with road number 89 6222. The locomotives were last used on the Fürstenwalde – Beeskow line from 1950 onwards . They were retired in 1968.
German Federal Railroad
About 70 T 3s remained with the Bundesbahn, the last of which, 89 7538, was retired in 1963. However, the T 3 later came into the DB's portfolio again for a short time. These were works locomotives 2 and 3 from the Schwerte repair shop , which were included in the official DB vehicle inventory in 1968 as 089 002 and 089 003 . The former 89 7531 was hidden behind 089 003. It was finally retired on June 21, 1968 as the last T 3 of the DB.
Polskie Koleje Państwowe
The series was also still in service in Poland. The machines again grouped under the series designation TKh1 were renumbered from TKh1-1 to TKh1-23 regardless of the pre-war numbers. A few examples were also found in the TKh100 series, in which 65 three-couplers of the most varied designs were combined. The last T3 was eliminated from the PKP in 1967. In industrial operations, however, the locomotive type was indispensable for a long time. Three machines have survived in Poland, but only one of them has a state railroad history.
Preserved copies
Some T 3 are still in museums today , e.g. T. also get operational. These are in detail:
- The Coeln , built in 1883, serial number 1594, the first T3 built by Henschel , was a memorial at the DB school in Wuppertal-Clausen from 1962 to 1966, and from 1972 to 1993 with fantasy locomotive number 89 7005 as a "climbing frame" a playground in Schwalbach am Taunus . After several intermediate stops, it was transferred to the Erkrath-Hochdahl Railway and Local History Museum in 2009. In the press it was reported several times that the locomotive should be refurbished to be operational again.
- The no. 14 (89 7373) of the former South West German railway company (SWEG) is managed by the Rhoen-Zügle eV and since September 2014 operational again on the track Mellrichstadt-Fladungen for the Rhon-Zügle of Fladunger open-air museum in use.
- The Nr. 28, ., Year 1900 (Borsig, serial number 4788) the South West German railroad company (SWEG) was 2018 as a monument before the administration building of SWEG in Lahr positioned.
- The no. 16 Schunter the former Brunswick Land railway (BLE) is at work Community Historical Railroad Association (Alme Valley Railway) was until the summer of 2016 in working order. It is a listed building and it is planned to restart it. The donations have now been collected and repairs to the boiler have started.
- The 89 6009 (conversion to a Tender end insert , estimated before the conversion as 89 7403), museum locomotive of the Deutsche Bahn , located in Railway Museum Dresden-Altstadt depot . She was seen in the film Die Gustloff .
- The 89 6236 is a museum locomotive, not operational, parked at the Magdeburg Railway Friends in the port area.
- The 89 7159 is operational and is used in the museum railway operation on the Kuckucksbähnel , it is in the railway museum Neustadt / Weinstraße .
- The 89 7296 belongs to the Brandenburg Kleinbahnmuseum , it is in Gramzow . At times it served as a playground locomotive in Bayreuth and Kassel .
- The 89 7462 ( Hagans - serial number 499, built in 1904), belongs to the Railway Museum , located in the DB Museum Koblenz . It was a playground locomotive in Cologne Zoo from 1960 to 2000 .
- The 89 7511 is privately owned in Lübeck .
- The 89 7531 is located in the SEH Heilbronn .
- The Waldbröl , a former locomotive of the Bielstein-Waldbröl Kleinbahn by Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik , built in 1914. This locomotive is very similar to the T 3 and is now operational in the Dieringhausen Railway Museum . It is regularly used in museum railway operations on the Wiehl Valley Railway .
- The Radbod , a locomotive of the factory railway variant Crefeld C (built in 1906), is operationally available on the Hamm museum railway and is used in the steam train service on the Hamm – Lippborg –Heintrop line.
- The Lower Saxony , a former Henschel works railway (Henschel 19248, Bismarck type, built in 1922), is still regularly used by the Hasetal railway enthusiasts on the 52 kilometer route from Meppen to Essen (Oldb.).
- The GASAG 1 (also Pauline ) of L.Schwarzkopff , Berlin (built in 1901) was until 1966 when GASAG in Berlin-Mariendorf stationed and is now part of existence of the German Technology Museum in Berlin . In 2017, the Neustrelitz plant was restored and repainted; GASAG paid the majority of the costs for this. The locomotive is not operational.
- The KPEV Hannover 1702 / Hannover 6103 is not operational in the Museum Buurtspoorweg (MBS). It came from the Deutsche Reichsbahn to the Hansa potash plant
public perception
In the early days of the Bundesbahn, the T3 coined the metaphor of the “good old steam locomotive era”. This was underlined by the presentation of the series at railway exhibitions, by illustration on postage stamps or other printed matter and by the choice of the company logo . In addition, the T 3 was replicated very early on by the model railway industry and was also 'discovered' very early as a museum locomotive. The Austrian U series has a similar role .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Dieter Rammelt, Günther Fiebig, Erich Preuß: Archive of German Small and Private Railways: History of Small and Private Railways. Development • Construction • Operation . extended Edition. Transpress Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-344-71007-9 , p. 236 f .
- ↑ Herbert Rauter: Prussia Report No. 3 . Hermann Merker Verlag GmbH, Fürstenfeldbruck 1991, ISBN 3-922404-19-7 , p. 36 .
- ↑ List of Hentschel locomotives preserved in a museum , werkbahn.de, March 15, 2015.
- ↑ www.eisenbahn-museumsfahrzeuge.com: Borsig 4788 freight tender locomotive , accessed on July 28, 2019.
- ^ Winfried Dolderer: The best piece of the museum railway. In: Monumente -Magazin February 2019, pp. 30–31
- ↑ http://www.eisenbahnmuseum-neustadt.de/fverbindiste.html , accessed on June 22, 2017
- ↑ News in brief - miscellaneous . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 7 , 2017, p. 138 .
- ↑ Nederlandse Museum Materieel Database accessed on March 2, 2018
literature
- Manfred Weisbrod, Dieter Baezold, Horst J. Obermayer: The great type book of German locomotives . Transpress Verlag, Berlin, ISBN 3-344-70751-5
- Gerhard Moll, Hansjürgen Wenzel The class 89.70 (Prussian T 3) . ISBN 978-3-88255-189-1 .
Movie
- SWR: Railway Romanticism - T 3 in Angelbachtal (episode 5)
- SWR: Railway Romanticism - T 3 small locomotives on a long journey (episode 199)