Flaucher
The Flaucher is a section of the Isar in the district of Sendling in the south of Munich between the Flauchersteg in the south and the Braunau railway bridge in the north.
The extensive urban green areas on both sides of the river in this area of the floodplain of the Isar are called Flaucheranlagen . They are a popular local recreation area in summer.
History and origin of name
As early as the Middle Ages , water was diverted from the Isar into the Munich city streams at the site of today's Flaucher weir. Until about 1870 the Flaucher was not known by this name, nor did it play a special role as a place in the consciousness of the Munich population. It was simply a part of the meadow landscape of the Isar south of the Isar and at that time still outside the city near the village of Thalkirchen, which was not agriculturally usable because of the frequent flooding and was therefore quite original . It was only with the beginning of the Isar regulations from 1839 and the expansion of the populated areas that began with industrialization that the river also became a natural element in the city for the benefit and recreation of the citizens. Under Mayor Jakob Bauer , a city nursery was established for the first time, through which the Isar facilities up to below the Flaucher were planned and laid out with the aim of a continuous promenade along the river bank. Today's designation of the parking and hydraulic structures at this Isar section goes back to the inn " Zum Flaucher " that the Munich Schank farmer Johann Flaucher in 1870 in a house built in 1800 Forsthaus had in the meadows on the western banks of the Isar opened.
From 1877 until the Second World War, the Flaucher facilities a little north of the beer garden was also the first women's swimming pool in Munich. The Schyrenbad , which opened in 1847, was only permitted for men until 1938. A structurally separate women's pool nearby, which was also supposed to be fed by the Freibadbächl , was rejected for reasons of propriety, which is why the Flaucher facilities on the other bank of the Isar were preferred. The women's and family baths were expanded in 1927 and 1937 respectively. It was no longer repaired after war damage. In its place there is now a children's playground.
The area underwent a significant restructuring at the beginning of the 20th century, when the Isar-Werkkanal was laid out for the purpose of operating the successively built Isarwerke I-III power plants . Since then, the water for the operation of the power plants has already been diverted into the works canal at Großhesseloher Wehr , which from there over a distance of around 4.3 kilometers via Isarwerk I (built between 1906 and 1908) a little above the Marienklause to Isarwerk II ( 1921 to 1923) runs parallel to the Isar at the level of the Flaucher weir, separated from it only by a dike . From Isarwerk II , the Werkkanal under the old name of Großer Stadtbach follows its course in a relatively straight line for the next one and a half kilometers to Isarwerk III (also built between 1921 and 1923) at the Braunau railway bridge , below which it flows back into the Isar, during the The river from the Flaucher weir describes a slight curve, which separates a segment of a segment of the western Isar floodplain as an island between the Großer Stadtbach in the west and the Isar in the east from the western Isar lower terrace. This wooded meadow segment forms the western Flaucher systems, which are cut about halfway between Isarwerke II and III at the southern heating power station by the route of the southern Middle Ring, which crosses the Isar at this point on the Brudermühlbrücke .
The southern Isar floodplains as a whole, including large parts of today's Flaucher systems, remained a poorly developed area until the end of the Second World War , which was mainly used for gravel extraction and large areas were overgrown. It was not until 1950 and 1960 that the parks were created in their current form.
description
Isar and Flauchersteg
In the urban area of Munich, the Flaucher best conveys an impression of the former wild river character of the Isar, since it is relatively close to nature with its river channels and extensive gravel banks in between and the softwood floodplain. Due to their great importance for nature conservation, the southern and northern Isar floodplains have been reported to the European Union as a fauna-flora-habitat area (FFH area no. 7537-301) for the European biotope network and therefore enjoy special protection.
The Flaucher offers a variety of animal and plant species a unique habitat within the city limits. The flora worth mentioning includes streams and clematis ; The fauna is in the area of insects , among many other species by various caddis flies and water beetles represented, also live in the water crayfish and numerous species of fish such as chub , grayling , brown trout , barbel , pike , Koppe , nose , rainbow trout and more. A number of different bird species also inhabit the Flaucher, including more common ones such as the bastardized mallard , coot and various seagulls , but also rare and protected species such as the song thrush or the kingfisher . There is therefore a conflict of interest between nature conservation on the one hand and its use as a recreational area for thousands of city dwellers on the other.
Around 700 meters below the Thalkirchner Bridge , the Isar makes a gentle bend to the northeast, at this point it is dammed up by the Flaucher weir (also: Thalkirchner Raiffeisen ) running in north-south direction and falls about 2.50 meters through the weir locks . On the crown of the weir, the over 100-year-old and a total of 335 meters long Flauchersteg connects the two banks of the river via the weir system and several islands. It consists of a steel construction, but the larch wood fittings have at least partially retained the original character of a wooden bridge. Since the construction of the Isar work channel, the military has no water draining function more, it only serves even the soles fixation. Below the weir, when the water level is normal, the Isar runs across a wide area from several locks , creating several river arms and basins with gravel islands in between, some of which are covered with trees and bushes.
Flaucher systems
The flaucher systems extend on both sides of the river. They are roughly between a hundred meters and less than a kilometer wide.
The western Flaucher systems are located in the south of the Sendling district on the border with Thalkirchen and are delimited from the built-up urban area to the west by the artificial Great Stadtbach , as the continuation of the Isar works canal below the historic Isarwerk II hydropower plant of SWM is called to form an island. Just north of the thermal power station south of SWM at the Brudermühlbrücke with its highly visible high chimneys lies on the Great Stadtbach between Brudermühl - and Wittelsbacherbrücke the Isar Plant III . On this artificial island, which is largely wooded and enhanced by littered lawns, children's and ball playgrounds , there is also an allotment garden near the popular Flaucher beer garden . In addition, the city of Munich operates a municipal tree nursery in this part of the Flaucher facilities on the banks of the Isar .
The similarly structured Flaucher systems on the eastern bank of the river also belong to Sendling on the banks of the Isar, their eastern area towards the built-up area is in the Untergiesing district . In the south they border the Hellabrunn zoo .
Isar plan project
Under the motto “New life for the Isar”, the river landscape of the Isar in the southern urban area of Munich has been developed in an eight-kilometer section that also flows through the Flaucher since the beginning of 2000 as part of the Isar-Plan project decided by the city council in 1988 and developed from 1995 onwards , renatured at great expense jointly by the Free State of Bavaria through the Munich Water Management Authority and the state capital through the building department , which is intended to benefit both nature conservation and the leisure and recreational value of the Isar and also improve flood protection . The Flaucher, which was already relatively natural, served as a model for the other sections in which the river bed was widened, the banks were flattened and gravel islands were created, and bed sills were dismantled and replaced by natural bed ramps . But improvements were also made in the fluff area itself, for example the almost insurmountable flaucher weir upstream for fish and other aquatic animals was bypassed by a fish passage. In the entire eight-kilometer-long area of application, the existing dikes were raised, widened and reinforced by installing a cut-off wall.
In March and April 2005, the dike on the east side between the Braunau railway bridge and the Wittelsbach bridge was upgraded, whereby the valuable trees on the embankment could be preserved due to the chosen cut-off wall construction. In the winter of 2005/06 the last construction phase of the dike renovation from the Braunau railway bridge to the Deutsches Museum began , which is to be completed by spring 2008 and the cost of which was estimated at 10.4 million euros ; the cost of the city of Munich is 4.7 million euros. The total costs of the measures carried out as part of the Isar Plan are therefore expected to be 28.1 million euros, of which the City of Munich will bear 12.7 million euros.
Use as a recreational area
summer
Flaucher, located in the immediate vicinity of Hellabrunn Zoo , is an extremely popular local recreation area for city residents and tourists all year round, especially in midsummer, and is therefore well-frequented or overcrowded, especially on warm summer evenings and weekends. Many Munich love the Flaucher with its wild and romantic charisma and come to the (nude) Baden - the nudism is here officially allowed entry into force of the municipal swimming Regulation - for a picnic or barbecue there. The Bavarian police regularly patrol there and monitor compliance with the requirements that prohibit open fires. Two drinking water wells of SWM in Flaucherbereich ( "sea cow" at the Brudermühlbrücke and drinking fountains in the leisure facilities) you can free supply of drinking water.
Isar rescue guard station:
As accidents of various kinds occur again and again among the sometimes thousands of visitors, the BRK water rescue service has set up a guard station for the Isar rescue service directly on the western side of the Flauchersteg, which is equipped with everything necessary for first aid measures . In addition to a radio device as a means of contact with the Munich rescue control center, this also includes a defibrillator, a stretcher and an emergency backpack, as well as various other rescue equipment. There are also courses in lifeguarding to acquire the German lifeguard badge DRSA in bronze, silver and gold.
winter
Even more so than in summer, when the Flaucher is sometimes "like the Stachus ", the parks offer unadulterated enjoyment of nature in the middle of the city in winter.
In the calm water above the Flaucher weir, especially in winter, there are large numbers of waterfowl from black-headed gulls , goose saws and coots to mallards and geese to swans . Families with children in particular like to come to the Flauchersteg with their old bread to feed and watch the animals.
In winter, the building department of the state capital of Munich has been preparing a 5.5-kilometer double-lane trail for cross- country skiers in the southeastern Isar floodplain, if snow conditions allow , which begins in the south below the Flauchersteg and ends at the Reichenbachbrücke . In its course from south to north, however, it is interrupted by three bridge structures, under which it is not possible to track (Brudermühlbrücke, Braunauer Eisenbahnbrücke, Wittelsbacher Brücke) and is therefore divided into four sections from 1.3 to 1.6 kilometers in length and with turning loops in front of the bridges.
Economy and beer garden Zum Flaucher
In a forester's house built in 1846 and initially used by the Wittelsbach family as a hunting lodge, the Munich landlord Johann Flaucher opened an inn with a beer garden at the beginning of the 1870s , which enjoyed rapidly increasing popularity due to its location close to the city and yet surrounded by romantic nature.
In the 1920s, the waitress Adelheid Bornschlegl took over the business and ran it for more than 50 years until 1979. The next landlord was Josef Schmid, who had previously been managing director in the beer garden on Viktualienmarkt . He initially had the inn completely renovated. In 1980 the Flaucherwirtschaft resumed operations in a new look, with a modern kitchen and a beer garden that has been enlarged to 2,000 seats.
In 1989 Hermann Haberl took over the property, had the outdoor area including the parlor terrace redesigned and made the beer garden more attractive for families by enlarging and upgrading the children's playground in the fenced area. Since 2000, the Flaucher has been run by Antje Schneider, a daughter of Hermann and Anneliese Haberl.
Nature kindergarten on the Flaucher
Based on the concept of the forest kindergarten, there are several kindergartens “without doors and walls” in the Flaucher facilities. The first of these was established in 2002.
Trivia
Sigi Sommer , Sendlinger author and longtime writer of the popular local column Blasius, the walker of the evening newspaper , coined the apt expression "Isar- Riviera " for the Flaucher.
See also
Literature / media
- Daniela Schaufuß: New life for the river - renaturation of the Isar in Munich , in civil engineering , No. 11, 2003, PDF download from baumaschine.de , (PDF, fee-based, registration required, 7 pages € 2.68 incl. VAT . of 19% ).
- Margret Wanetschek: Green spaces in the urban planning of Munich, 1790-1860 (= Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia , Issue 35; New series of the Munich City Archives , Volume No. 52), Wölfle, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-87913-035-3 (Dissertation University Munich, Philosophical Faculty, 1970, 265 pages); NA, edited by Klaus Bäumler and Franz Schiermeier, Schiermeier, Munich 2005, ISBN 978-3-9809147-4-1 .
- Christine Rädlinger , Karl Hafner, Matthias Junge, Adele Nebl: History of the Isar in Munich , published by the Munich City Archives , Schiermeier, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-943866-11-7 .
- City of Munich Building Department and Water Management Office Munich (ed.) New life for the Isar , film by Alexander Kölbing, produced by Aktuell Film Raisting, November 2000, VHS / PAL
- Julia Düchs: "When will it be beautiful again on the Isar?" - The renaturation of the Isar in Munich. About the understanding of nature in the big city (= Munich ethnographic writings , Volume 16). Utz, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-8316-4276-2 .
Web links
- State capital Munich: Green oases: Flaucher facilities
- Ordinance of the City of Munich on the wearing of swimwear for public bathing , MunichSwimwear Ordinance: BadekleidungsV 361 April 24, 2014 (also applies to nude bathing and nudism. PDF, free of charge, 8 pages, 1.9 MB).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Max Megele: Building history atlas of the state capital Munich. New series of publications by the Munich City Archives 1951, pp. 19, 20.
- ↑ Max Megele: Building history atlas of the state capital Munich. Volume 3 - The city in its anniversary year 1958. New series of publications by the Munich City Archives 1960, p. 14.
- ^ Nudist and nude bathing in Munich
- ↑ Municipal guidelines for grilling on the Flaucher
- ^ Isarauen 8, Flaucher restaurant
- ↑ Day care facilities in Munich (as of 2015/2016, PDF)
Coordinates: 48 ° 6 ′ 27 ″ N , 11 ° 33 ′ 27 ″ E
