Nowogard
| Nowogard | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Goleniów | ||
| Area : | 12.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 40 ′ N , 15 ° 7 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 47 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 16,603 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 72-200 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 91 | ||
| License plate : | ZGL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Szczecin - Koszalin | ||
| Rail route : | Koszalin – Goleniów railway line | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 57 localities | ||
| 33 school authorities | |||
| Surface: | 339.00 km² | ||
| Residents: | 24,652 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 73 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3204043 | ||
| Administration (as of 2015) | |||
| Mayor : | Robert Czapla | ||
| Address: | Pl. Wolności 1 72-200 Nowogard |
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| Website : | www.nowogard.pl | ||
Nowogard [ nɔ'vɔgart ] (German Naugard ) is a town in the powiat Goleniowski (Gollnow district) in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It has 17,000 inhabitants, the municipality has 25,000 inhabitants.
Geographical location
Nowogard is located in Western Pomerania and is surrounded by large meadows and forest areas. The city is located at the eastern end of Lake Jezioro Nowogardzkie (Lake Naugard). The Rega tributary Sąpólna (Zampel) flows by nearby. Szczecin is 60 km south-west and 55 km from the Baltic Sea. The city lies on the important connecting road Szczecin-Köslin-Gdansk. The region's airport in Goleniów is 20 km away. The Baltic Ferry is located in, 75 km away Swinoujscie ( Swinoujscie ). The city has an area of 12.5 km², the municipality of 338.7 km²
history
The place was first mentioned as Nogart in 1248 on the occasion of a donation from the Pomeranian Duke Barnim I to the diocese of Cammin . The name is of Pomoran-Slavic origin. The Eberstein family acquired the castle and the village of Naugard in 1274 as a fief of the bishops of Kammin. The Ebersteiners remained lords and lords of the county of Eberstein until they died out in 1663. On April 30, 1309, the ruling Counts of Eberstein, Otto, Hermann and Albert, granted the town of Naugard town charter according to Luebian law . The Marienkirche, completed in 1334, testifies to the progressive development of the city. In 1348 the plague struck Naugard.
With the introduction of the Reformation in Pomerania, the citizens of Naugard also became Protestant in 1534, and the feudal sovereignty passed to the dukes of Pomerania-Wolgast . During the Thirty Years' War again raging plague in the city, leaving only about 300 inhabitants, including only seven couples alive. In 1665 the Elector of Brandenburg enfeoffed his governor in Pomerania, Ernst Bogislaw von Croy, with the county of Naugard. During the Brandenburg-Swedish War (1674–1679), Swedish troops looted the city and the castle in 1675. A major fire destroyed Naugard in 1699. In 1715 Naugard became a Prussian garrison town with only 600 inhabitants.
In the 19th century industrialization took hold, a cloth making, a tannery and a leather factory were established. During the fourth coalition war against Napoleon in 1807 Ferdinand von Schill delayed the advance of the French against Kolberg by defending the city (see Siege of Kolberg, 1807 ). After the Congress of Vienna (1815) Pomerania became the county seat of the same district . After a renovation, a men's penal institution was added to Everstein Castle in 1820, which for a long time was the only one in Pomerania. There is still a prison in the former castle today. After completion of the Altdamm – Kolberg railway line, Naugard received a rail connection in 1883. At that time, around 4800 people lived in Naugard. In 1892 Naugard made Otto von Bismarck , who at a young age had been a landlord in the Pomeranian Kniephof and temporarily district deputy in Naugard, an honorary citizen. At the beginning of the 20th century a dairy, a distillery and a starch factory were built, and building activity began. Naugard was given a district hospital; Post office and district office were built as well as a gas works and a transformer station. The "Gute Hoffnung" housing estate was built south of the station. In 1911 the citizens built a new town hall.
One of the aftermaths of World War I was the city's own emergency money , which the city issued in 1920. In the twenties, efforts were made to tourism; the “Fürst Bismarck” hotel was built, the bathing establishment on the nearby Dammschen See was renewed, Reinke Park was laid out and the modern shopping streets in the city center were expanded. In 1939 Naugard had 8,202 inhabitants. The Second World War hardly affected Naugard at first. However, when the front moved towards the city in March 1945, the inhabitants began to flee. On March 4, 1945, the fighting for the city began, which ended a day later with the destruction of the inner city and the conquest by the Red Army . The administration of the People's Republic of Poland set up by the Soviet Union also took over the administration of Western Pomerania. The city of Naugard was given the Polish name Nowogard . The German residents who remained in the city had to meet on June 24, 1945 on the market square and were expelled. The city lost its old status as a district town, today it is assigned to the powiat Goleniowski , whose administrative seat is Goleniów .
Population numbers
- 1740: 658
- 1782: 868, including 24 Jews
- 1794: 998, including 23 Jews
- 1812: 1126, including 13 Catholics and 31 Jews
- 1816: 1277, including 13 Catholics and 35 Jews
- 1831: 1897, including five Catholics and 49 Jews
- 1843: 2775 including 22 Catholics and 60 Jews
- 1852: 2098, including two Catholics and 55 Jews
- 1861: 4682, including 31 Catholics and 103 Jews
- 1875: 4785
- 1880: 4949
- 1890: 4872, including 66 Catholics and 107 Jews
- 1925: 6409, including 6,254 Protestants, 28 Catholics and 48 Jews
- 1933: 7356
- 1939: 8202
Attractions
- The Gothic St. Mary's Church dates from 1334 and has been rebuilt several times. It was not until 1918 that the front tower received the transverse roof with ridge turrets. Inside, the Renaissance high altar from the end of the 16th and the early Baroque pulpit from the 18th century are noteworthy. After the fire that caused the tower roof to collapse on December 3, 2005 and destroyed the organ, the church was extensively restored. The attached burial chapel of the Counts of Eberstein no longer exists.
- The city fortification dates back to the 14th century , and sections of the field stone wall have been preserved south of the market square. The two city gates and the defense towers have not been preserved.
- On the market square ( Plac Wolności in Polish , Freedom Square) is the town hall - built in 1911 in neo-baroque Art Nouveau forms, next to it is the Polish monument to the takeover of the city in 1945.
- The two largest yew trees in West Pomerania are located in the city on the Platz des Friedens, they are 10 and 12 meters high and around 700 years old.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- 1892: Otto von Bismarck , Reich Chancellor
sons and daughters of the town
- Martin Statius (1589–1655), German Protestant theologian, deacon at the Johanneskirche in Danzig
- Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen (1694–1776) German theologian, Lutheran court preacher in London
- David Cranz (1723–1777), German Protestant theologian and missionary
- Friedrich Otto Wichmann (1763 – after 1791), German Protestant theologian and schoolboy
- Julius Kosleck (1825–1905), German musician and music teacher
- Max Burchardt (1831–1897), German physician, general practitioner and university professor
- Hermann Cuno (1831–1896), German architect
- Albert Heintze (1831–1906), German philologist
- Philipp von Bismarck (1844-1894), German manor owner and member of parliament
- Hans Lutsch (1854–1922), German art historian and monument conservator
- Johannes Mühlenbruch (1855–1932), German history painter.
- Otto Dross (1861–1916), German writer and high school teacher
- Paul Manasse (1866–1927), German laryngologist, professor in Strasbourg and Würzburg
- Kurt Lüdtke (1898–?), German politician (NSDAP)
- Raban Freiherr von Canstein (1906–2005), German general
- Fritz Maass (1910–2005), German Protestant theologian, professor of the Old Testament
- Horst Rusch (* 1939), former German trade unionist (FDGB), most recently chairman of the FDGB district board in Neubrandenburg
- Udo Timm (1941–2011), German politician (DA, CDU), member of the state parliament in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Albert H. Walenta (* 1943), German physicist, former rector of the University of Siegen
- Mateusz Zaremba (* 1984), Polish handball player
local community
The urban and rural community of Nowogard has around 25,000 inhabitants on an area of 339 km² and, in addition to the capital of the same name, is divided into the following 33 school authorities ( sołectwo ):
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traffic
Nowogard can be reached via the Stettin-Goleniów-Koszalin railway line. There are seven connections with modern passenger trains every day in each direction. The line is operated by Przewozy Regionalne. The national road 6 ( Szczecin - Gdansk ) is converted into a dual carriageway. A bypass road was inaugurated in 2011. Szczecin-Goleniow International Airport is 20 km away.
Partner communities
Partner communities are:
- Heide (Holstein) (Germany), since 1996
- Gützkow (Germany), since 2000
- Kävlinge (Sweden), since 2005
- Dubrowyzja (Ukraine), since 2009
- Gornji Milanovac (Serbia), since 2009
- Veles (Macedonia) , since 2010
There is also a contractual relationship with the Naugarder Kreis eV in Germany.
literature
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : A detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 1, Stettin 1784, pp. 287-291 ( full text ).
- Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to a document . Berlin 1865, pp. 267-269 ( full text ).
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania . Part II, Volume 5, Section 2: Contains the second half of the Naugard district, the general overview of the city district of Stettin and supplementary sheets relating to the West-Oder districts of the government district of Stettin . Anklam 1874, pp. 1501-2084 ( full text )
Web links
- City website (Polish, German, English)
- The town of Naugard in the former Naugard district in Pomerania (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011).
- Naugard home district
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Website of the city (BIP), Burmistrz Nowogardu , accessed on February 7, 2015
- ^ City privilege in German translation in: Die Pommersche Zeitung. No. 6/2009, p. 5.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to a document . Berlin 1865, pp. 267-269 .
- ↑ Information from the official reports on the Royal Prussian penal and prison institutions belonging to the Ministry of the Interior regarding the years 1858, 1859, respectively. 1860 . Berlin 1861 p. 146 ff .
- ^ The Pomeranian Newspaper . No. 2/2008, p. 5.
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. naugard.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://stadt.naugard.kreis-naugard.de/
- ↑ See turystyka.nowogard.pl ; down. on August 24, 2008
- ↑ Nowogard - Współpraca miast partnerskich [1]
- ↑ Naugarder Kreis eV [2]
