Altdöberner See

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Altdöberner Lake
Starodarbnjojski jazor
Altdöberner See from Pritzen in December 2017 with Fahrradweg.jpg
Altdöberner See, view from Pritzen towards Altdöbern
Geographical location Drebkau , Spree-Neisse district in the north,

Office Altdöbern in the west and east and Großräschen in the south of the Oberspreewald district , Brandenburg

Islands no
Places on the shore Greifenhain or Casel (in the north),

Reddern , Peitzendorf, Altdöbern (west of the lake), Kunersdorf, Pritzen (east of the lake), Woschkow (south)

Data
Coordinates 51 ° 38 '33 "  N , 14 ° 3' 48"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 38 '33 "  N , 14 ° 3' 48"  E
Altdöberner See (Brandenburg)
Altdöberner See
Altitude above sea level f182.4 m above sea level
surface 880 hadep1
volume approx. 294 million m³ water (planned for 2021)dep1
scope approx. 20 kmdep1
Maximum depth 67 m

particularities

Greifenhain opencast mine

Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE AREA Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE VOLUME Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE SCOPE Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE MAX DEPTH

The Altdöberner Lake ( Lower Sorbian Starodarbnjojski jazor ) is a toy in the flooding standing water in the field of office Altdöbern , Brandenburg .

In Lower Lusatia , it is one of the northernmost lakes in the Lusatian Lake District that is currently being developed . The remaining hole in the former Greifenhain opencast mine has been in flooding since 1998 and will reach its final level by 2021. Due to the dredging was an indication of Wormlager gutter . This aquifer feeds the Altdöberner See as an underground source.

geography

Natural classification

Aerial photo of the Altdöberner See (2012)
Altdöberner See, aerial photo (2019)

The Altdöberner See is part of the Altdöberner Basin . The lake has the inflow of the Wormlager Rinne underground and an underground outflow towards the north of the Spreewald (Oberspreewald). When the final level is reached, it will drain to the north via various receiving waters ( Vetschauer Mühlenfließ , Greifenhainer Fließ (Kzschicshoka), Buchholzer Fließ , Cunersdorfer Fließ and Koselmühlenfließ ).

The FFH area pond landscape Buchwäldchen-Muckwar lies between the northern Spree region and the Altdöberner See . In the northwest to the west , the Altdöberner See borders the Niederlausitzer Land ridge with its nature park of the same name and its foothills, the Calau Switzerland . Gräbendorfer See is located five kilometers northeast of the Altdöberner See . In the southeast, the Altdöberner See borders the Steinitzer-Geisendorfer terminal moraine landscape . In the south of the Altdöberner See is the foothills of the Lausitz border wall - a natural marrow to the other, south emerging lakes of the Lausitzer Seenland . Eight kilometers to the south is the Meuro open-cast mine, which is still in flooding - formerly known as Ilsesee and now known as Großräschener See . The Altdöberner See has a hydrological connection with the Gräbendorfer See underground via the aquifer. The Altdöberner See has not yet been connected to other bodies of water above ground.

Spatial classification

The villages Greifenhain or Casel (districts of the Office Drebkau , Spree-Neisse district ) in the northeast and in the south the village Woschkow ( Oberspreewald-Lausitz ) are immediate neighbors of Altdöberner lake. The rest of the area, which encloses the Altdöberner See, belongs to the Altdöbern (district Oberspreewald-Lausitz) with its villages Buchwäldchen , Ranzow , Muckwar , Weißag , Gosda , Zwietow , Luckaitz , Lipten , Lug , Schöllnitz , Rettchensdorf , Neudöbern (west of the lake ) and Ressen , Lubochow , Neupetershain-Nord, Neupetershain , Geisendorf , Lindchen , Leeskow , Dörrwolf, Bahnsdorf , Lieske (east of the lake). The places Reddern , Peitzendorf, Altdöbern (west of the lake) and Kunersdorf and Pritzen (east of the lake) are immediate neighbors of the lake.

history

From 1936 was in Greifenhainer open pit begun lignite dismantle. In 1945, after a total failure of the infrastructure due to the war , the pit filled with water for the first time and had to be laboriously pumped out again in the following period before production could start again. At the beginning of the 1950s, the first forestry recultivation measures began on the high slope of Illmersdorf. Agricultural land was created east of Greifenhain in the 1960s and 1970s. On the 600  hectare site between the Altdöbern Park and today's Altdöberner See, reforestation was carried out and 50 hectares made available for agricultural use. With the expansion of the mining area , the village of Nebendorf was abandoned in 1976 and its population was resettled. The same happened from 1982 onwards with the demolition of Neudorf, the old cemetery of Altdöbern and Wolkenberg. In October 1993 the wooden bell tower of the dredged village of Wolkenberg was brought to Pritzen by helicopter. This bell tower serves as a symbol for the liveliness of the place. The original plans to completely excavate the town of Pritzen by 1995 became obsolete after the fall of the Wall due to the discontinuation of dismantling in 1992.

On June 25, 1992, the foundation stone for today's Altdöberner See was laid on the basis of the resolution to draw up the Greifenhain redevelopment plan by the Brown Coal Committee . This decision was found and on 9 June 1994 the lignite Committee in September 1994 by ordinance by the state government of Brandenburg made compulsory.

In February 2015, plans by the Lausitzer and Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft were announced to permanently flush iron hydroxide sludge from Saxony and Brandenburg into the lake. The established citizens' initiative Altdöberner See was able to achieve the abandonment of these plans in July 2016.

Naming

Since the lake originates from the former Greifenhain opencast mine, the name Greifenhainer See and, after Pritzen, which is located on a peninsula, Pritzener See were also discussed by the responsible Lusatian and Central German mining management company .

Re-use since 1992

European biennials

The European Biennials in 1993 and 1995 took place among others. a. around the village of Pritzen on the site of the Greifenhain opencast mine. During this time, 23 art objects were created, 16 of which are still preserved today and invite you to discover them. The works of art illustrate the contrast between the consequences of natural interference - especially coal mining - and the reclamation of habitats by humans.

International Building Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land (IBA.SEE)

In October 1999 there were considerations to open up the former coal railway line of the district as an adventure railway for visitors and guests of the future Fürst-Pückler-Land. During the time of IBA.See, various project ideas arose for Lake Altdöberner. One project idea was the navigable connection between the Altdöberner and Großräschener lakes, which is difficult to implement due to the geological conditions. The Altdöberner See will not be part of the Lusatian chain of lakes. The plan drawn up as part of the IBA to build a bridge over the lake between the villages of Pritzen and Altdöbern was dropped due to the uncertain geological conditions. Large areas of the shore slid into the lake several times (including in March 2006: 3 million m³, March 2008: 50,000 m³, November 2008: 100,000 m³). Since then, a ferry connection between the Pritzen peninsula and Altdöbern has been discussed as an alternative. The consequences of the first mentioned landslide should be upgraded with the landscape project Die Hand (IBA project no. 26). As part of this project, protected bays with a wide range of water sports were to be created. It is now known that this project will not be realized either. Another idea was to continue the artistic landscape created during the Biennale (IBA project no. 28) with future projects. The center of this art landscape is the Pritzen art barn. The IBA project No. 30 is the Fürst-Pückler-Radweg. The long-distance cycle path leads past Lake Altdöberner twice.

Applicants for the State Garden Show (LAGA) 2009

The Altdöberner See was the focus of the application for the LAGA 2009. The application was under the motto Go over water and should be implemented on the dump, by the water and in the park. The motif of the application was to build bridges between the past, present and future. The LAGA application partners were: City of Vetschau, Drebkau Office, IBA.See, Brandenburgische Schlösser GmbH, Lausitz University of Applied Sciences.

The lake in the film

In 1998 Peter Kahane shot the film Up to the Horizon and Further in the then open-cast mine and in the neighboring villages of Pritzen and Lubochow .

In 2001 the Berlinale opened with the war film Duell - Enemy at the Gates . The setting for this war film was Lake Altdöberner. The former open pit was already flooded so far that it could serve as the Volga . The battlefield on the Volga arose near Pritzen .

ecology

Flooding data

The Altdöberner See will one day be one of the largest inland lakes in the state of Brandenburg . From 1998 to 2007, the former Greifenhain open-cast mine was flooded with treated open-cast water from the Rainitza mine water purification system . By 2006 over 80 million m³ of water, almost a third of its capacity, had been discharged into the lake. Since then, precipitation and a groundwater vein with very good water quality at a depth of around 30 m have fed the lake. Despite the external flooding, which was stopped in 2007, the water level rises by 1.3 m per year. Over 41 m³ per minute (i.e. 21 million m³ per year) of groundwater flow into the lake. The pH value in Altdöberner See is stable and in the slightly basic range. (As of March 2016: pH value of 8.2)

The lowest point of the Altdöberner See is 67 m. According to the current status, the Altdöberner See should have reached its final water volume between 2021 and 2025. The seasonal fluctuation range of the water level is then between 82.4 m and 85  m above sea level. Above sea level and absorb a volume of approx. 294 - 330 million m³. 880 - 1,000 hectares of water are to be used for local recreation and tourist use.

fauna and Flora

The originally wooded landscape on Lake Altdöberner has changed dramatically as a result of open-cast lignite mining. In the context of forest recultivation measures, typical, near-natural and versatile habitats are to be created in the post- mining landscape . Dunes, dry grassland and sandy heaths are ecologically valuable on the former dumps.

The differences in relief between the Altdöbern Basin and the Lusatian border wall cause considerable problems. The stable design of the embankments and dump areas and the development of water management conditions, in particular the restoration of the receiving waters, are of particular importance in the renovation of the peripheral areas . The design of the post-mining landscape on Lake Altdöberner is integrated into the Niederlausitzer Landrücke Nature Park as part of the redevelopment of the Greifenhain / Gräbendorf area .

At the Altdöberner See, the prerequisites were and are being created to create ecological diversity with stable areas of life. The redevelopment areas at Altdöberner See are to be integrated into the existing nature and landscape protection areas. The subsequent use of dump areas by agriculture and forestry is important. With recultivation , the redevelopment areas on Lake Altdöberner can achieve long-term and sustainable soil fertility . At the same time, these areas serve the protective and recreational function and are used economically.

Areas not used by mining offer a varied landscape in the area. Ponds, ponds, near-natural rivers, fields, rolling hills and forests form habitats for rare plant and animal species threatened with extinction. Many ponds are managed between Reddern, Altdöbern and Buchwälchen. Many of these ponds have been created by man for fish farming. The landscape structure of several bodies of water, of wet grassland and forests or even moor areas are home to numerous amphibian and insect species. Also the rare kingfisher, the golden bell, beaver, otter and dragonflies will discover the lake for themselves. In autumn, geese and cranes use the large water area of ​​the Altdöberner See as a stopover on their way south.

The landscape is characterized by deciduous and mixed forests, which, in addition to the pine, are mainly home to sessile and English oaks. Numerous species of mushrooms have their home in the mosses and ferns. Wild boars, deer and foxes are not the only wild animals in the forest community. The wolf also has its territory here.

No statements can yet be made about future fish stocks , as the water will only be stable in decades.

administration

The Altdöberner See is owned by the Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft (LMBV) until the renovation measures are completed by the mid-2020s . After completion of the renovation work in accordance with the renovation plan for the Greifenhain opencast mine, the Altdöberner See is to become the property of the State of Brandenburg.

For the Altdöberner lake is Zweckverband Lausitzer Seenland Brandenburg responsible. The municipalities of New Zealand and Altdöbern as well as the city of Großräschen , as the municipalities responsible for Lake Altdöbern, are members of the Lausitzer Seenland association with voting rights. The goal of the administration union Lusatian Lakeland is to develop the association area holistically in the Brandenburg part. The main focus should be on the tourism industry . As soon as the lake region is formed, the prerequisites for sustainable, economic and tourist use should be created. The interests of nature and the landscape must be preserved. As a result, an economically viable structure that is successful for the region is to be achieved, which accords appropriate importance to the uniqueness of this largest artificial body of water in Europe. The tasks of the Zweckverband are currently divided into a 5-division model.

Economy and Infrastructure

The region around Lake Altdöberner is mainly characterized by areas used for agriculture and forestry . If the water quality is consistently good, it can also be used for fishing purposes. As soon as the bank protection measures have been completed and the flooding target has been reached, it can also be used for local recreation and tourist purposes.

To this day, due to renovation measures, selected bank areas are secured by compaction and controlled blasting. Large areas around the Altdöberner See were designated as restricted areas by the mining rehabilitation company LMBV, entry into which is prohibited due to danger to life . Embankment protection measures are currently being continued on Lake Altdöberner by means of vibration compression. They are planned until November 2018.

There is currently no publicly usable infrastructure at Lake Altdöberner, bathing and entering the bank areas is prohibited.

A circular cycle path opens up the surrounding villages and their sights.

Sights in the area

To the west of the Altdöberner See lies the Altdöbern Castle in a 60 hectare park. Once a year, the palace and park are presented to visitors and guests in an exceptional setting. In addition to the baroque palace Altdoebern counts Good Geisendorf the existence of the monuments of the region. There are some of the oldest rural churches on Lake Altdöberner . These churches with extensive medieval and post-Reformation furnishings are well preserved. The mills also invite you to explore the region . The mill day in particular offers valuable information and provides insights into the regional mill history. The Plins villages in Calau Switzerland are also worth seeing in the immediate vicinity of the lake . Nationally known for the buckwheat lentils, the image of the villages is characterized by manor houses and farmhouses, mostly made of field stone. The IBA Großräschen terraces provide an insight into the International Building Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land (IBA.See). As part of the IBA.See, the Altdöberner See is the focus of the topics Altdöberner See and From Bergmann zum Seemann . The visitor center excursion of the mining tourism association gives an impression of the time of the Greifenhain open-cast lignite mine .

traffic

The region around the Altdöberner See is connected to the A13 federal motorway. The district road (L53) Calau-Senftenberg runs west of the Altdöberner See. Another important traffic route is the federal highway 169. The B169 crosses the villages Neupetershain-Nord and Leeskow east of the lake.
With the regional train 14 (Senftenberg - Berlin - Nauen), the Altdöberner See can be reached to the west via the Altdöbern and Luckaitztal train stations 3 km away and with the regional express 18 (Cottbus - Dresden Neustadt) to the east via the Neupetershain and Bahnsdorf train stations. In Pritzen there is a bus stop 500 meters from the bank.
The cycling and hiking trails on Lake Altdöberner are well developed and signposted. The Fürst-Pückler-Fernradweg, built during the IBA.See, crosses the Niederlausitzer Bergbautour and Niederlausitzer Kreisel long-distance cycle paths in the south of the Altdöberner See .

There are parking spaces some distance away in Altdöbern, Göritz, Pritzen and Kunerdorf.

See also

literature

  • Carsten Drebenstedt , Reinhard Reissmann, Jochen Rasche: Lignite and redevelopment planning in the state of Brandenburg: Basics, relationships, key data . Druckzone GmbH & Co. KG, Cottbus November 1998.
  • Corporate communication Brandenburg: Lignite mining and renovation in the Greifenhain / Gräbendorf area, changing landscape . Ed .: Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH. June 2005 ( Online [PDF; 1.6 MB ]).
  • Corporate communication (ed.): Lausitzer Braunkohlerevier, changes and perspectives, Greifenhain / Gräbendorf . Senftenberg August 2015 ( Online [PDF; 10.4 MB ]).
  • Fourth statute of the amendment of the association statute of the special purpose association "Recreation area on Senftenberger See" . In: Official Journal for Brandenburg (ed.): No. 42 . October 28, 2009, p. 2099 ( Online [PDF; 7.0 MB ]).

Web links

Commons : Altdöberner See  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ministry of the Environment: Ordinance on the Steinitz-Geisendorfer terminal moraine landscape. State of Brandenburg, June 19, 2016, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Brandenburg corporate communication: Lignite mining and renovation in the Greifenhain / Gräbendorf area, changing landscape . Ed .: Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH. June 2005, p. German .
  3. ^ History of the Altdöberner See
  4. ^ A b Carsten Drebenstedt, Reinhard Reissmann, Jochen Rasche: Brown coal and redevelopment planning in the state of Brandenburg: Basics, connections, key data . Druckzone GmbH & Co. KG, Cottbus November 1998.
  5. ↑ See Pritzen fights for a clean lake . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , February 23, 2015. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
  6. ↑ See Bergbausanierer does not flush any mud in Lake Altdöberner . In: Die Welt , July 1, 2016. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
  7. ↑ Andreas Bechert: s. on this: p. 36, IBA “Fürst-Pückler-Land”, in: A warm welcome to the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district . Ed .: Druckerei Edelmann GmbH. 3rd edited edition. Delitzsch October 1999.
  8. ↑ Altdöberner See. Altdöbern Office, accessed on June 17, 2016 .
  9. ^ Henry Müller: The lakes of the Lausitz lake network. Lausitz pictures, accessed on June 17, 2016 .
  10. ↑ IBA project no. 26. (No longer available online.) IBA Studierhaus Lausitzer Seenland e. V., February 5, 2015, archived from the original on June 21, 2016 ; Retrieved June 17, 2016 .
  11. ^ Claudia Wahjudi: Building exhibition: Where there was coal, coal should flow. Tagesspiegel, April 12, 2010, accessed June 19, 2016 .
  12. ↑ The “hand” on Lake Altdöberner is dead. Märkischer Bote, November 13, 2015, accessed on June 19, 2016 .
  13. ↑ IBA project no. 29. (No longer available online.) IBA Studierhaus Lausitzer Seenland e. V., February 5, 2015, archived from the original on May 15, 2016 ; Retrieved June 17, 2016 .
  14. ^ Matthias Heinrich: Art barn Pritzen. Pritzen Art Barn, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  15. ↑ IBA project no. 30. (No longer available online.) IBA Studierhaus Lausitzer Seenland e. V., February 5, 2015, archived from the original on May 15, 2016 ; Retrieved June 17, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Hannelore Kuschy: Altdöbern: A garden show on the dump. Lausitzer Rundschau, Lübbenau, August 31, 2004, accessed on June 17, 2016 .
  17. ↑ Uwe Hegewald: When the Altdöberner See became a film set, memories of filming for “Duell - Enemy at the Gates” became. Lausitzer Rundschau, Elsterwerda, March 8, 2011, accessed on June 17, 2016 .
  18. ↑ Corporate communication : Index of the lakes in the Lausitz area. LMBV, June 19, 2016, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  19. ↑ Altdöberner See at Altdöbern Office
  20. ↑ Water corporate communication : Flooding data Altdöberner See. LMBV, June 19, 2016, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  21. ↑ Dorit Kowitz: Wild animal: The human wolf . In: The time . April 26, 2012, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed June 22, 2016]).
  22. ^ Association members in the ZV LSB. (No longer available online.) Zweckverband Lausitzer Seenland, archived from the original on June 19, 2016 ; Retrieved June 19, 2016 .
  23. ↑ See § 3 Paragraph 1 Fourth statute of the amendment of the association statute of the special purpose association "Recreation area on Senftenberger See" . In: Official Journal for Brandenburg (ed.): No. 42 . October 28, 2009 ( [1] [PDF; 7.0 MB ]). , P. 2099
  24. ↑ Division model of the ZV LSB. Zweckverband Lausitzer Seenland, accessed on June 17, 2016 .
  25. ↑ Compaction work at Altdöbern continues on behalf of the LMBV. LMBV, May 31, 2016, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  26. ^ Brandenburgische Schlösser GmbH, Altdöbern, Spreewald, Park, Baroque, Orangery. In: www.schloesser-gmbh.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  27. ↑ amt-altdoebern.de - Altdöbern Castle and Park. In: www.amt-altdoebern.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  28. ^ Jens Kunert: Gut Geisendorf - cultural forum of the Lausitz brown coal. In: www.gut-geisendorf.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  29. ↑ amt-altdoebern.de - churches and monasteries. In: www.amt-altdoebern.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  30. ↑ amt-altdoebern.de - mills. In: www.amt-altdoebern.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  31. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau: Dörrwalde: Fascinating mill stories in Niederlausitz :: lr-online. In: www.lr-online.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  32. ^ District Oberspreewald-Lausitz - Calauer Switzerland. In: www.osl-online.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  33. ↑ Ms. Wobar: IBA-Terrassen - Start - Welcome to the Lausitzer Seenland visitor center. (No longer available online.) In: www.iba-terrassen.de. Archived from the original on June 23, 2016 ; accessed on June 23, 2016 .
  34. ↑ Tour of the Altdöberner See. In: www.aktiv-tours-lausitz.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  35. ↑ From miner to seaman. In: www.aktiv-tours-lausitz.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  36. ↑ excursio - Mining Tourism Association Welzow. In: www2.bergbautourismus.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  37. ↑ KDI: Altdöbern Office's cycle path map. (PDF) EUROVERLAG, 2010, accessed on June 23, 2016 .
  38. ↑ Cycling in the Lusatian Lakeland - Lower Lusatian mining tour. In: www.lausitzerseenland.de. Retrieved June 23, 2016 .
  39. ↑ Niederlausitz roundabout. (No longer available online.) In: www.niederlausitzer-kreisel.de. Archived from the original on June 2016 ; accessed on June 23, 2016 .