Gross Thondorf
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Gross Thondorf
Himbergen municipality
Coordinates: 53 ° 7 ′ 37 ″ N , 10 ° 41 ′ 59 ″ E
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| Height : | approx. 84 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 9.55 km² | |
| Residents : | 366 (December 31, 2012) | |
| Population density : | 38 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 | |
| Postal code : | 29584 | |
| Area code : | 05828 | |
Location of Groß Thondorf in Lower Saxony |
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Groß Thondorf , with 366 inhabitants (as of 2012), is the second largest district of the municipality of Himbergen in the Uelzen district in Lower Saxony . The former Rundlingsdorf was an independent municipality until 1972.
location
From a geological point of view, Groß Thondorf lies in the area of the so-called Bohndorfer terminal moraine , which is a continuation of the East Hanoverian gravel moraine . This geological condition provides Groß Thondorf's exposed location. Groß Thondorf reaches an average height of about 84 meters above sea level . Most of the subsoil consists of sand.
In terms of natural space, Groß Thondorf lies on the dividing line between the western Wendland , known as Ostheide , the historical settlement area of the Wends , and the so-called Bevens Basin. The historical border between the “German” and Wendish settlement areas ran through the Göhrde forest , which reaches its westernmost point near the village. In the north, Groß Thondorf and its surrounding districts are separated from the area of today's Lüneburg district by the Wiebeck mixed forest . Between these two forest areas, the Strachau stream , which rises in the immediate vicinity of Groß Thondorf, penetrates near the town of Dahlenburg , where it flows into the Neetze , a tributary of the Elbe . The Strachau feeds two smaller bodies of water in the east of Groß Thondorf and has created a valley that extends from here over Boitze and the three "Strachaudörfer" , in which aspen and willow also thrive, whereas oak , birch and beech dominate the vegetation. In the west there is historically grown and almost unchanged vegetation in the vicinity of a moor area that is crossed by the Strother Graben .
From a political point of view, Groß Thondorf belongs to the municipality of Himbergen , which belongs to the district of Uelzen as part of the joint municipality of Bevensen-Ebstorf . Groß Thondorf is located in the far northeast of the district. The next largest city is the district town of Uelzen (40,000 inhabitants), which is about 25 km to the south-west, and Lüneburg (76,000 inhabitants), 30 km to the north-west. Groß Thondorf is thus part of the Hamburg metropolitan region , which is about 90 km to the north-west.
In terms of infrastructure, Groß Thondorf is connected to state roads and to the federal road 216 ( Lüneburg - Dannenberg ) via the K4 and K31 district roads . A star-shaped network of trails emanating from the two circular roads connects Groß Thondorf in the northeast to the Wiebecker route , one of the main arteries in the Göhrde, and to the forest and agricultural trails in the area. There are several bus connections to Bad Bevensen every day . The Neetzendorf train station, which belongs to the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV) and from which Lüneburg and Dannenberg can be reached directly, is located about 7 km to the northeast.
description
The original structure of the Rundlingsdorf has largely been preserved to this day. It is traversed by the K4 district road ( main road ) in a north-south direction and surrounded by the Holzstrasse and the Grooden Rillen . The character of the former Rundlingplatz was largely dissolved by Kreisstraße 4, which is why it is now further north. The neo-Gothic brick chapel from 1865 is also located there .
In the north today there is a “new building district”, which began in the early days and has been and is constantly being expanded over the densely populated 1950s. Here you will primarily find single-family and garden houses, while the old core of the village is dominated by well-preserved half-timbered and farm houses and courtyards from the entire 19th and early 20th centuries. The oldest preserved structure is the middle longitudinal hallway at Holzstrasse 3, the so-called Stutenhof from 1802. In Groß Thondorf, the following buildings are also listed:
- 29a (Hauptstraße 18): Two-column residential building, 1835
- 29 (Hauptstraße 16): Solid construction residential building, 1883
- War memorial for the fallen of the First and Second World Wars
- Hauptstrasse 8: neo-Gothic brick chapel, 1865
- No. 35 (Holzstrasse 20): Transverse hall house, 1880
- No. 11 (Hauptstrasse 6): half-timbered barn
For the architectural monuments, see also: List of architectural monuments in Himbergen .
On the western outskirts (Vorwerker Weg) there is also an old oak that has been designated as a natural monument . The historic extinguishing water pond , the Lausch , is located at the southwest exit of the town towards Strothe .
Groß Thondorf's total cadastral area is 955 hectares today .
history
Early history
The forest areas around Groß Thondorf are rich in partly significant stone graves from the Neolithic period, which suggest that the area, which at that time was still completely covered by forest, was settled very early. For example, about 2 km north of the village in the Wiebeck forest area, there are larger, clearly recognizable megalithic systems, also 1.5 km to the north-west in the Hagen forest, a site designated as a cultural monument .
middle Ages
Groß Thondorf is not one of the three villages that were mentioned together in a document on March 2, 1006 by Heinrich II. therefore, due to the ending -dorf, only a settlement from the pre-Franconian, Saxon period can be assumed, according to which the hill of today's Groß Thondorf would have been settled since the 6th century AD. However, this has not been recorded in writing. Already in the days of Charlemagne , d. H. Before the subjugation of the Saxons , the immigration of the Wends and their resettlement in the course of the German colonization by Henry the Lion , there was probably an initially Slavic , then German knight seat , as can be seen from a map from the 9th century. Between 1133 and 1137, today's Groß Thondorf was first mentioned in a document as Totenthorp . In 1253/54 the knight Wernerus de Todendorpe is proven, although it is unclear whether Todendorpe meant Groß Thondorf or Klein Thondorf a few kilometers away. This was presumably subordinate to the Thondorf manor as a Vorwerk . In the year 1361 the historiography speaks of "Deutsch Thondorf" ( Dudeschen Todendorpe ) for Groß Thondorf and of "Wendisch Thondorf" ( Wendeschen Todendorpe ) for Klein Thondorf Period between 1330 and 1350.
Modern times
In 1742, the Groß Thondorfer village school was first mentioned in a document. It existed until the establishment of the central schools in 1966.
Both the Thirty Years War and the Napoleonic Wars of Liberation left their mark on the history of the village. During the French period , Groß Thondorf was administered by a mayor as part of the Kingdom of Westphalia ; in 1812 it was Franz Schultz. The Battle of the Göhrde in 1813, which ended French rule in the area, took place just a few kilometers away near the village of Göhrde .
Around 1840 the so-called coupling took place in Groß Thondorf, in the course of which the land, which was heavily parceled out through inheritance, was redefined. The field divisions, which have remained largely unchanged to this day, were created and the street scene was significantly changed.
In 1865, the existing since the 14th century was Kapellenbau in framework construction because of its poor condition by today's neo-Gothic chapel replaced. It is now 13 meters high and contains the historic bell from 1330 and a wooden altar from 1705. The roof structure was renewed in 1983.
20th century until today
The First World War claimed a total of 48 deaths in the community of Groß Thondorf, the Second World War around 40.
Until the Second World War, the number of inhabitants in Groß Thondorf was relatively constant at around 300 for more than a hundred years, but increased dramatically after the war and in 1950 reached its highest level of 600 inhabitants. The reason for this was the admission of refugees from the German eastern regions . The stream of refugees from Eastern Europe that had existed since February 1945 also reached Groß Thondorf and caused the farmsteads to be overcrowded. Today the population has settled to around 350–400.
The end of the Second World War took place in the community of Groß Thondorf in a relatively dramatic way. Uelzen had been involved in combat operations with British troops since April 8 ; on April 18, 1945, Groß Thondorf was also bombed by British planes in the evening hours, and several houses were set on fire. Himbergen itself was not bombed and surrendered on April 20th.
On July 1, 1972, Groß Thondorf was incorporated as a district into the municipality of Himbergen, whereby it ceased to exist as a municipality. Between 2002 and 2006 a village renewal took place as part of the Lower Saxony village renewal program, which was carried out by the Braunschweig planning office Warnecke . In 2006, on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary of the neighboring villages Brockhimbergen, Kollendorf and Rohrstorf, a home chronicle was published, which also deals intensively with the history of the town of Groß Thondorf.
| 1875-1879 | Heinrich Fabel |
| 1879-1882 | ? |
| 1882-1886 | Day |
| 1886-1895 | ? |
| 1895-1910 | Georg H. Beside |
| 1910-1921 | Wilhelm Harms |
| 1921-1923 | Heinrich Alvermann |
| 1923-1930 | Wilhelm Burmester |
| 1930-1934 | Heinrich Alvermann |
| 1934-1945 | Wilhelm Harms sen. |
| 1945-1948 | Ernst A. Suhm |
| 1948-1952 | Wilhelm Möller |
| 1952-1972 | Wilhelm Harms jun. |
Situation today
Associations, businesses, public institutions
Groß Thondorf had and still has a relatively high number of commercial and other institutions and associations to offer as a former town hall; The volunteer fire brigade has existed since 1927, and the Schwarz-Weiß Groß Thondorf sports club was founded in the mid-1920s - initially as a pure football club . The Groß Thondorf shooting club was founded in 1928 and has hosted 78 shooting festivals to date . In 1962, closely connected to the existing already for 35 years fire brigade, marching band founded in the year the since 1968 Maiumzug accompanied and otherwise occurs in the shooting festivals and other events. In the mid-1950s, a separate cemetery was set up directly on the Wiebeck forest in the north. The squirrel savings group was founded in 1970 . Groß Thondorf has had access to running water since 1979, and sewage disposal has existed since 1995. The traditional Gasthof Zum Goldenen Apfel had to close around 1970, but the Eichenquelle restaurant opposite the chapel was opened at the same time , and it still exists today. Until the 1960s there was also a bakery and a forge on the street named after it . Until the 1970s, there was a windmill in the southeast of the village on the Blocksberg hill , which took advantage of the favorable position above the sloping Elbe valley . Today there are two forwarding companies in the village, there are overnight accommodations, a psychotherapeutic practice and a restoration company . There is a public playground in the immediate vicinity of the village center.
Agriculture
The area around Groß Thondorf has always been dominated by agriculture. The village has 470 hectares of agricultural land. The number of farms has decreased overall, but their size has increased significantly. Small businesses are now only part of the job . In 2002 there were still 6 farms in Groß Thondorf with an average farm size of 78.3 hectares (for comparison: in 1947 there were 14 farms with an average farm size of 39.3 hectares). The predominant crops are maize, potatoes, cereals and occasionally onions. New types of production and harvesting machines - a typical expression of structural change - are reaching the limits of the given infrastructure . It is operated alternating economy .
politics
Groß Thondorf's policy is determined at the community level by the community of voters , which is the only power to take part and can regularly unite 100% of the votes. By elected members of this list large Thondorf in council represented Himbergen the community.
literature
- Bruno Große (Ed.): 1000 years in the community of Himbergen. A home book. Himbergen 2006
- Henny Frühauf, Martin Twietmeyer, Volker Warnecke: Village Renewal Plan Groß Thondorf, Vol. I and II. Braunschweig 2002
Web links
- http://www.gemeinde-himbergen.de/ (official website of the Himbergen municipality, 2016)
- List of architectural monuments in the municipality of Himbergen (Wikipedia article on listed buildings in the entire municipality)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipality Bevensen-Ebstorf (as of December 31, 2012), accessed on September 6, 2017
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 237 .
- ↑ Henny Fruehauf, Martin Twietmeyer, Volker Warnecke: village renewal plan Groß Thondorf, Vol. I: specifications and plans. Braunschweig 2002. Page 13
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Administration Office (Ed.): Topographische Karte 1: 50000 - L 2930 Dahlenburg Edition 1977.
- ↑ Frühauf u. a .: page 14
- ↑ ibid., Page 61
- ↑ ibid., Page 37
- ↑ Bruno Große (Ed.): 1000 years in the Himbergen community. Ein Heimatbuch , Himbergen 2006. Page 22
- ↑ ibid., Page 439
- ↑ ibid., Page 473
- ↑ ibid., Page 445
- ↑ Frühauf u. a .: Pages 16-17
- ↑ Large: Pages 91 and 94
- ↑ Frühauf u. a .: page 19
- ↑ Large: Pages 95–97