Hohentreswitz

Hohentreswitz City of Pfreimd Coordinates: 49 ° 29 ′ 50 ″  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 28 ″  E
Height :	530 m
Incorporation :	May 1, 1978
Postal code :	92536
Area code :	09606
Location of Hohentreswitz in Bavaria
Hohentreswitz (2016)

Hohentreswitz is a district of the town of Pfreimd in the Schwandorf district .

geography

Hohentreswitz is located about 30 kilometers west of the border with the Czech Republic in the central Upper Palatinate Forest , about five kilometers east of the town of Pfreimd at an altitude of 530 meters. The place can be reached via the district road SAD 34.

history

Hohentreswitz settlement

Slavic place names such as Gleiritsch , Hohentreswitz, Söllitz, Köttlitz or Trefnitz document an early settlement of the area around the Kulm. Slavic settlers infiltrating from the east met Bavarians advancing northwards from the south . In a further settlement phase, the focus of which was in the 10th and 11th centuries, a number of "dorf" places such as Pamsendorf , Fuchsendorf, Pischdorf or Altendorf emerged , to which "richt" places and "ried" places such as Trichenricht , Lampenricht or Zeinried followed.

Hofmark Hohentreswitz

Since no clear assignment of Hohentreswitz, Altentreswitz and Burgtreswitz, the latter located in the former Altlandkreis Vohenstrauß , is possible in the historical sources , Ott Plankenfellser can definitely be documented as the first owner of "Dreswitz auf der Höch" on March 15, 1464. He was followed by Caspar von Plankenfels, Christopher von Plankenfels and Ott von Plankenfels. He died in 1546 without an heir. The Hofmark passed to Wolff von Weyhern. In 1576, Hans von Prandt is proven as lord of the court march at Hohentreswitz. The Prandts already held the Stein and Weihern court brands. They were followed in 1578 by his son Hans von Prandt, from whom Hohentreswitz passed to Georg Friedrich Unruh in 1599. In 1609 the estate was bought by Wolf Heinrich von Trautenberg. In the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War from 1618 to 1648, which was a conflict over supremacy in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and in Europe and at the same time a war of religion , there were repeated differences of opinion between Trautenberg and the authorities. The war had reached the Upper Palatinate in 1621, with devastating economic, social and cultural effects. The Nabburg office, to which Hohentreswitz belonged, was badly affected. In order to avoid the “benefit of emigration”, as it was called in the official language, Trautenberg changed to the Catholic faith in 1629. His successors are recorded at Hohentreswitz until 1651. Bartholomäus Göring bought the estate in the same year, which was succeeded by Johann Georg Göring. In 1709, Servatij von Hartenstein Hofmarksherr auf Hohentreswitz is mentioned in the documents, followed by Michael Sebastian Boslarn in 1715. In 1744 Joachim Joseph Fick is mentioned, then in 1752 the pastor of Oberviechtach , Joseph Stetting, followed in 1772 by Baron von Morawitzky. 1780 report the records of Licentiate Stengel, then in 1780 by Moritz von Stetting and in 1803 Joseph Schrott owned the estate of Hohentreswitz. In 1804 Joseph Freiherr von Karg, who already owned the Hofmark Trausnitz im Thal , bought the Hohentreswitz estate for 36,000 guilders. In 1848 the landlord's ownership was abolished in the course of the peasants' liberation .

Hohentreswitz Castle

The listed Hohentreswitz Castle is located in Hohentreswitz 106.

Parish

Hohentreswitz was named as a parish in 1412. According to the visitation protocols from 1582/83, Hohentreswitz was an independent parish to which the subsidiary church Gleiritsch belonged. In 1782 the branch church of Hohentreswitz (St. Bartholomäus) belonged to Nabburg with the following villages, hamlets and wastelands: Pamsendorf , Rappenberg, Löffelsberg, Fuchsendorf, Köttlitz (2 courtyards), Bornmühle, Aspachmühle and Götzenmühle.

school

The beginnings of elementary school go back well beyond the 19th century. The schools were mostly under ecclesiastical care. They were therefore in private hands, and school attendance was only possible for certain shifts. On the other hand, a large part of the rural population did not see the need for schooling. With the enactment of the “Electoral School Regulations” from 1770 and the school mandate from 1771 under Elector Maximilian III. Joseph made a first attempt by the government to introduce compulsory education. Parents should, according to the regulation, “whoever they are (excluding civil servants) send their children to public schools without exception”. There was also a lack of organized teacher training, which was an essential basis for such a project. At the beginning of the 19th century , this emergency improved with the creation of teachers' seminars, for example in Amberg in 1804 . With the reform work undertaken under Minister Maximilian von Montgelas , there was a second attempt to reorganize the school system. In 1802 the state took over the highest school supervision, anchored the general compulsory education in the same year and in 1803 established the compulsory Sunday school in law. The local school inspectorate was now under the responsibility of the clergy. The local pastor of Nabburg, as a local school inspector, supervised the teachers and the lessons in Hohentreswitz, as the place belonged to the parish of Nabburg. The newly introduced compulsory schooling required school attendance “from the 6th to the completed 12th year” throughout the year. After the six working days of school, classes had to be attended every Sunday, usually after the Sunday service. The provision of premises has long been a major problem for many school communities. In 1842 the school in Hohentreswitz attended 52 weekday students and 57 Sunday students.

Tax District and Parish Education

The Kingdom of Bavaria was divided into 15 districts in 1808. These districts were named after rivers based on the French model ( Naabkreis , Regenkreis , Unterdonaukreis , etc.). The districts were divided into district courts. The districts in turn should be divided into individual municipality areas. In 1811 the district court of Nabburg was divided into 58 tax districts. One of them was Hohentreswitz, consisting of the villages of Hohentreswitz including castle, Rappenberg, Löffelsberg, Aspachmühle, Stelzlmühle and Götzenmühle. The district had a total of 46 houses with 305 inhabitants. In the same year there were 22 chairmen in the district court of Nabburg, which corresponds to a municipality in today's sense. The chairmanship included Hohentreswitz, Söllitz, Stein , Gnötzendorf, Oberpfreimd, Weihern, Rappenberg, Löffelsberg, Aspachmühle, Stelzlmühle and the "City of Pfreimd with its directly ämtischen subjects". In 1828 there were 37 residential buildings with 42 families and 187 residents in the rural community of Hohentreswitz. The following localities, hamlets and wastelands belonged to the municipality: Aspachmühle, Herdegen (note 1950: name not yet officially awarded), Hohentreswitz and Stelzmühle. “The localities Bornmühle and Fuchsendorf, which formerly belonged to the municipality of Söllitz, were reclassified to the municipality of Hohentreswitz.” On January 1, 1971, the municipality of Pamsendorf was dissolved and incorporated into the municipality of Hohentreswitz.

Dissolution of the municipality of Hohentreswitz

On May 1, 1978, the municipality of Hohentreswitz was incorporated into the city of Pfreimd. The districts of Häuslberg and Trefnitz moved to the Guteneck community. Grubhof, Tauchersdorf and Wiesensüß were incorporated into the municipal area of ​​the city of Nabburg .

Attractions

• Filial church of St. Bartholomew
• Hohentreswitz Castle
• Pamsendorf wind farm

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  Hohentreswitz (2016)

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  St. Bartholomew Church

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  Former Hofmarkschloss

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  St. Bartholomäus and Hofmarkschloss (2016)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Alois Köppl, From the history of the community of Gleiritsch, p. 33
2. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 190
3. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Book No. 217, year 1576
4. ↑ State Archives Amberg, stand book no.350
5. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Upper Palatinate Religious and Reformation Acts, No. 274
6. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Stand Book No. 351
7. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Book No. 237
8. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Book No. 237
9. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Landsassen, No. 208
10. ↑ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 95
11. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Upper Palatinate Religions and Reformation Acts, No. 41
12. ^ Josef Heckenstaller, Bischöfliches Zentralarchiv Regensburg, register of the diocese of Regensburg, 1782
13. ^ Albert Reble: 200 years of elementary school in Bavaria. In: The young teacher. Issue 7, 1981, p. 4.
14. ^ Albert Reble: 200 years of elementary school in Bavaria. In: The young teacher. Issue 7, 1981, p. 5.
15. ^ Karl Bosl, Bavarian History, 2nd edition. Munich 1980, p. 158.
16. ↑ Albert Reble, p. 5.
17. ^ Anton Reger, Schulraumnöte in the previous century In: The Upper Palatinate. Volume 9, 1979, p. 275.
18. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 423
19. ^ Emmering, Ernst, The Government of the Upper Palatinate, History of a Bavarian Central Authority, Contributions to the History and Regional Studies of the Upper Palatinate, Issue 20, Regensburg 1981, p. 12 ff.
20. ^ Bavarian Main State Archives, Munich, Ministry of Finance, No. 10165
21. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 406
22. ^ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 423
23. ↑ Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 50, Nabburg, p. 437

literature

• Alois Köppl, From the history of the community of Gleiritsch . 2nd edition, Gleiritsch 1988
• Alois Köppl: Gleiritsch - an old place name in the Upper Palatinate. in: Die Oberpfalz, 71st year, pages 108-109.
• Ernst Schwarz: Language and Settlement in Northeast Bavaria . Nuremberg 1960
• Elisabeth Müller-Luckner, Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Part Altbayern, Heft 50, Nabburg, Munich 1981, ISBN 3-7696-9915-7
• Karl-Otto Ambronn, Historical Atlas of Bavaria Part Old Bavaria, Series II, Book 3, Landsassen and Landsassengüter of the Principality of the Upper Palatinate in the 16th century, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7696-9932-7
• Amberg State Archives, Book No. 217
• Amberg State Archives, Book No. 237
• State Archives Amberg, Stand Book No. 350
• Amberg State Archives, Book No. 351
• State Archives Amberg, Upper Palatinate Religious and Reformation Files, No. 274
• State Archives Amberg, Landsassen No. 208
• Josef Heckenstaller, Episcopal Central Archive Regensburg, register of the diocese of Regensburg, 1782
• Albert Reble, 200 years of elementary school in Bavaria. In: The young teacher. Issue 7, 1981
• Karl Bosl, Bavarian History , 2nd edition. Munich 1980
• Anton Reger, School Room Needs in the Last Century In: The Upper Palatinate. No. 9, 1979

Web links

Commons : Hohentreswitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files