Ipatinga
| Ipatinga | ||
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Coordinates: 19 ° 30 ′ S , 42 ° 32 ′ W Ipatinga on the map of Minas Gerais
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Brazil | |
| State | Minas Gerais | |
| City foundation | April 29, 1964 | |
| Residents | 239,177 (08/2010) | |
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| Detailed data | ||
| surface | 165.509 km 2 | |
| Population density | 1 445.1 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| height | 220 m | |
| Time zone | UTC −3 | |
| City Presidency | Sebastião Quintão | |
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Ipatinga is a city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais . It is located on the Rio Doce , about 950 km away from the capital Brasília . In July 2009 236,463 people lived in Ipatinga on 165.5 km², in the Vale do Aço region there are almost half a million. The city lives mainly from the steel industry: With Usiminas and Acesita there are two important steel production companies in and around Ipatinga.
geography
The municipality covers a territory of 165.5 km², which is located in the east of the state of Minas Gerais , about 217 km east of Belo Horizonte . The lowest point of the municipality is located at the confluence of the Rio Piracicaba in the Rio Doce at an altitude of 235 m. In the Serra dos Cocais , on the border with the neighboring town of Coronel Fabriciano , the highest point is at 1163 m above sea level.
Most of the municipal area is flat or hilly: around 55% of the territory is classified as flat, around 30% as hilly. Only the remaining 15% are mountainous, with the mountainous part of Ipatingas belonging to the Serra dos Cocais mountain range .
The neighboring communities are Coronel Fabriciano in the west, Mesquita and Santana do Paraíso in the north, Caratinga in the east and Timóteo in the south. Ipatinga is part of the Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço, which was founded in 1998 .
Waters
The city is located at the confluence of the Rio Piracicaba and the Rio Doce . In addition, the city is traversed by the Ribeirão Ipanema , which rises in the municipality in the Serra dos Cocais and flows into the Rio Piracicaba. The city's waters suffer from high levels of pollution, mainly from rubbish and the discharge of untreated sewage from households, slaughterhouses and industry, erosion of its riparian areas and loss of its biodiversity. The government has made efforts to reduce erosion problems by planting the banks along the river.
climate
Ipatinga has a tropical climate (Aw according to Köppen ), which shows signs of a tropical high-altitude climate in the higher regions. Winters are relatively dry and cool with an average temperature of 11.5 ° C. The coldest month is July. The summer is rainy and warm, it peaks in February and March with an average temperature of 29.2 ° C.
The average rainfall is 1260 mm. July is the driest month with only 11.4 mm, whereas December brings the most rainfall with 257.1 mm. The relative humidity ranges between 78% in winter and 84% in summer. In recent years, the number of hot and dry days in winter has increased, with the temperature not infrequently exceeding 30 ° C, especially in the months of July to September. Longer dry spells, which can also occur during the normally humid summers, cause frequent forest fires in the hills surrounding the city. In August 2004 there was no precipitation at all.
According to the Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (between 1961–1962, 1979–1983, 1985–1988, 1990, 1992–2001 and 2003–2005) the lowest temperature measured in Ipatinga is 7.6 ºC, the reading is from June 1st 1979. The maximum temperature was 38.9 ºC on November 29, 1993. The highest precipitation within 24 hours fell on November 20, 1998 at 181.3 mm. Thunderstorms with hail are relatively rare, one of the worst hailstorms to date caused significant damage on September 4, 2006. Snow occasionally falls in the winter months.
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Average temperatures and rainfall for Ipatinga
Source: Tempo Agora
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history
There are several theories as to the origin of the name Ipatinga . It could come from the Tupi language and mean settlement on clear water . The more common theory is that the name originated during the construction of the railroad and is a contraction of the names of the two neighboring towns of Ipanema and Caratinga .
Colonization of the region
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the region was roamed by adventurers looking for gold and other precious metals. As in central Minas Gerais gold was discovered, originated there in a short time villages and small towns, although the region until then only Botocudos was inhabited -Indianern. Shortly afterwards, the Portuguese crown banned colonization of the Rio Doce valley to prevent precious metals from being smuggled. In the second half of the 18th century, Antônio Noronha ordered the construction of a road to the east of the state on the grounds that there was gold in this region as well. The road was completed shortly thereafter.
The first settlers who colonized the region of today's Ipatinga and the Vale do Aço came from Sant'ana do Alfié via the Serra da Vista Alegre in 1752 . After crossing the Rio Piracicaba, they established a farm on the left side of this river, known today as Sítio Velho, which is in the vicinity of the present-day Usiminas Works. After the owner of the estate was murdered by one of his own slaves, the farm was abandoned.
At the beginning of the 20th century, subsistence farming and livestock were practiced in the region of what is now Ipatinga . In 1901 the engineer Pedro Nolasco was contracted to plan the route for the Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas railway , which was to lead from the port city of Vitória to Diamantina , along the Rio Doce . Seven years later, a study confirmed the high iron content of the Itabira rock . The interest of the English in this deposit led to the fact that the original route of the railway was changed in order to be able to transport the mined ores more easily to Vitória and from there to ship them to Europe.
With the construction of the railway, the first inhabitants of the then very primitive city of Ipatinga and the entire region of the Vale do Aço came . Alongside workers, other people settled along the railway line who came from different regions of Minas Gerais and all over Brazil to try their luck in the newly developed region. On August 22, 1922, the city's first train station, the Estação Pedra Mole , was inaugurated. One of the first residents was José Fabrício Gomes, a forest entrepreneur who seized a large piece of land in what is now Ipatinga in order to extract wood. These pieces of land were later passed on to José Cândido de Meira, who further expanded the timber production. Even later, the area was converted into a fazenda , whose fertile soil was also used for agriculture, which attracted more settlers to work on the estate. In the 1930s, the course of the railway line was changed again. The Estação de Ipatinga station (today's Estação Memória ) was built, which replaced the Pedra Mole station. The latter collapsed due to the instability of the ground. Its ruins can still be found today on the banks of the Rio Piracicaba, at the confluence with the Rio Doce, in the Castelo district. All that is left is a wall, the foundations, and an abandoned well. The growth of urban settlement subsequently shifted to the region around the new train station.
Economic growth and steel industry
The tradition of the steel industry in Ipatinga began on October 31, 1944, when the first steel mill, Acesita, was put into operation, located in an area that used to belong to Coronel Fabriciano , but now belongs to Timóteo . At the same time Ipatinga was raised to a district of the city of Coronel Fabriciano. On December 27, 1948, after long treatment in the parliament of the state of Minas Gerais, the governor Milton Campos signed the law No. 336 by which the municipality of Coronel Fabriciano was founded by splitting off from Antônio Dias , making Ipatinga a district of the new municipality has been.
In 1956, Ipatinga was chosen by a Japanese delegation to build another steel mill. Saw the establishment of Usiminas , a joint venture between the Brazilian government and Japanese investors, on April 24, 1956. Among the reasons for this choice the right topography, the small distances to the mining areas of raw material, the presence of enough water and were electrical energy, the railway line and the proximity to other companies in the steel industry. The construction of a new steel mill meant that numerous people moved to Ipatinga to find work here. The workers at the new plant were housed in improvised camps that were spread all over Ipatinga, and numerous other adventurers even built their huts on the public streets and squares. This made the need for town planning clear. On October 26, 1962, the first blast furnace was started up in the presence of President João Goulart and Usiminas started operations.
Obtaining self-government
The rapid growth of the region and the conflicts of interest within the population reached their climax with the Ipatinga massacre. The disputes sparked off the working and living conditions in the city. On October 7, 1963, more than 30 people died in a strike and another 3,000 were injured.
The rapid growth made it clear how important administrative self-management became for Ipatinga. The city was subordinate to the interests of the administrative center, which was then in today's Coronel Fabriciano , and the residents of Ipatinga accused the politicians from Coronel Fabriciano of neglecting the district. As an administrative reform was decided on 30 December 1962 with the State Law of Minas Gerais no. 2764, which provided for the creation of 237 new municipalities, including Ipatinga, the establishment of Ipatinga and Timóteo was the governor José de Magalhães Pinto veto prevented. Compared to the commission for the acquisition of self-government of the municipalities of the Vale do Aço, he justified this decision with the fact that he wanted to maintain the political, administrative, economic and financial unity of the steel region of the Vale do Aço.
Self-government was only achieved on April 29, 1964, when Governor Magalhães Pinto founded the parishes of Ipatinga and Timóteo by decree. From this point on, the Barra Alegre district officially belonged to Ipatinga. In the same year, Délio Baeta Costa was elected administrator of the new municipality and a year later Fernando Santos Coura became the first mayor ( prefeito ) of Ipatinga. On December 8, 1975, the Comarca de Ipatinga administrative district was founded.
1970s until today
From the 1970s onwards, the environmental consequences of rapid growth began to become apparent. February 1979 saw the worst flooding ever in the region. Intense rains caused the Rio Doce and its tributaries to overflow their banks, flooding not only Ipatinga but also numerous other cities along the river. In Ipatinga alone, 42 people were killed and around 10,000 lost their homes. Most of the fatalities occurred in a landslide near the Iapi Cave in the Esperança district .
During the same period, economic growth shifted from the steel industry to the service sector. The Kart Clube Ipatinga was founded in 1982 , and the Kartódromo Emerson Fittipaldi was inaugurated in 1983 . In 1990 Ipatinga got its own landfill. The Ipatinga Futebol Clube was founded in 1998, and in the same year the Shopping do Vale do Aço opened its doors and the Centro Cultural Usiminas , integrated into the same complex, started operations.
Since January 12, 2006, Ipatinga, Coronel Fabriciano , Santana do Paraíso , Timóteo and another 22 municipalities belong to the Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço .
population
The population of Ipatinga is growing rapidly. The census of 2000 had shown a total population of 212,496, in 2010 the census already showed 239,177 people. 99.25% of them live in urban areas and only 0.75% in rural areas. The population is relatively young; In 2005, residents aged between 15 and 19 made up 11.9% of the total population.
Ipatinga is now the tenth largest city in the state of Minas Gerais . The population density is given as 1445 people per square kilometer. For 2000, a human development index of 0.806 was calculated, which puts the city on roughly the same level as Lebanon, Armenia and the People's Republic of China.
- Population development in the municipality of Ipatinga
Ipatinga has developed on a social basis that is shaped by the Roman Catholic Church . Nevertheless, numerous Protestant churches are present in the city today . The 2000 census showed that 53.76% of the population profess the Catholic Church. 32.82% describe themselves as Protestant and 10.59% as having no religion. Numerous Protestant churches such as the Presbyterian Church , the Baptists , the Seventh-day Adventists or charismatic movements such as the Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus , the Assembleia de Deus or the Igreja Cristã Maranata can be found in Ipatinga.
economy
Ipatinga is the most important city in the Vale do Aço ( Valley of Steel ) and the main location of Usiminas , one of the largest steel producers in South America. Usiminas also operates a research laboratory in Ipatinga and filed the second most patent application in Brazil between 1992 and 2008.
politics
In Ipatinga, executive power is exercised by the mayor ( prefeito ) and his secretaries. The legislature consists of the city council ( câmara ) with 14 city councilors ( vereador ) who are elected for a term of four years. The city council is currently composed as follows:
- Partido dos Trabalhadores : four seats
- Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro : three seats
- Partido Popular Socialista : two seats
- Partido Verde : two seats
- Partido Socialista Brasileiro : one seat
- Partido Democrático Trabalhista : one seat
- Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro : one seat
The city council draws up laws and votes on them, especially on the city's budget. However, the mayor has a right of veto .
In 2008 there were 156,164 voters in the city.
Second mayor Ipatingas drew attention to themselves last year through scandals. In 2003 the then mayor Chico Ferramenta disappeared in a mysterious way. Fearing kidnapping, the federal police were mobilized until it was found that Ferramenta had participated in a sex and drinking orgy. In 2006, as part of the Mensalão scandal, ex-mayor and congressman João Magno was accused of accepting sums of money from Marcos Valério and Delúbio Soares . Although Magno had to admit that he had accepted 425,950 Real from Valério, he was able to avert an impeachment on March 23, 2006.
With the impeachment of Mayor Sebastião Quintão on February 27, 2009, union leader Robson Gomes da Silva took over the office of mayor as President of the City Council. On April 28, 2010, former city councilor Nilton Manoel was introduced as the new interim mayor. After this political turbulence, new elections were scheduled for May 30, 2010.
traffic
Road traffic
| Distance to major cities | ||
|---|---|---|
| city | Distance (road kilometers) | |
| Belo Horizonte | 209 | |
| Rio de Janeiro | 540 | |
| São Paulo | 786 | |
| Brasília | 947 | |
| Vitória | 398 | |
In Ipatinga, as in the rest of Brazil, a large part of the traffic is handled by road. The city is located on the BR-458 and MG-425 highways , as well as a well-developed connecting road to the Rodovia Fernão Dias federal road (BR-381). More than 50,000 cars, 20,000 motorcycles and 2,600 trucks are registered in Ipatinga. Although most of the city's streets are well developed, there have been frequent traffic jams in recent years, especially in the city center.
In the city center of Ipatinga is the largest bus station ( estação rodoviária ) in the region. From here there are regular connections to all major cities in the state of Minas Gerais , and also far beyond the state's borders.
The city's local public transport is handled by the Autotrans company , which replaced Viação Águia Branca . It operates 64 bus routes, which together have a length of 670 km, are served by 117 vehicles and carry almost 1.3 million passengers a month. Local transport lines are also offered to the neighboring communities of Coronel Fabriciano and Timóteo . The company Univale Transportes operates regional transport in Vale do Aço .
Rail transport
With the Estação Intendente Câmara, Ipatinga owns a train station on the Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas railway line . It started operating on June 18, 1960 and has recently been refurbished and expanded in response to population and passenger growth. It is now one of the largest train stations in the EFVM. The railway line is of the utmost importance for the economic development of Ipatinga, because a large part of the delivery of raw material for Usiminas is handled via it, as well as a large part of the steel produced is transported by rail. An extension project by Usiminas made it necessary to expand the infrastructure of the station and to build a third track.
The railroad is the cheapest way for residents of the city to travel to numerous cities in the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo , such as Belo Horizonte , João Monlevade , Governador Valadares , Resplendor , Baixo Guandu , Colatina or Vitória .
The Estrada e Ferro Caminho das Águas is a railway line that is now used exclusively for tourist purposes. It runs for 2.6 km along the Ribeirão Ipanema river between Parque Ipanema and the Pouso de Água Limpa station . The trains that run on this railway line consist of a steam locomotive, which was manufactured in the Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik in 1937 , and two cars with 68 seats each.
air traffic
The Ipatinga airport is one of the largest in the state of Minas Gerais. It is located in the municipality of Santana do Paraíso , about 6 km from the city center. It serves all locations in the Vale do Aço region and has daily flights to Belo Horizonte and other destinations. Another airport is the Governador Valadares Airport , in the city of Governador Valadares , about 100 km from Ipatinga.
The Usiminas company is considering demolishing the airport to make way for further expansion of its industrial facilities. The original plan was to build a new airport in the municipality of Bom Jesus do Galho , Revés de Belém district . For reasons of environmental protection, Belo Oriente was then planned as a new location. However, due to the financial crisis in 2008/2009 , the project was put on hold for the time being.
Culture and leisure
Ipatinga is not one of the cities with a long cultural tradition. However, thanks to the Centro Cultural Usiminas , the city is one of the most important cultural centers in the state of Minas Gerais. In 2009, 81 projects were funded in Vale do Aço as part of the implementation of the federal state's cultural promotion law , 68 of them in Ipatinga alone. The Centro Cultural Usiminas has modern equipment, of which the theater with 720 seats, high-quality sound and lighting technology, stage and orchestra pit is the centerpiece. There are regular theater and music performances, the most important of which is the annual Ipatinga Live Jazz , which has existed since 1998, is supported by the government of the State of Minas Gerais, the Usiminas company and other companies in the region and greats of the jazz scene such as Art Tatum , Chick Corea or Miles Davis could present.
The Parque Ipanema is one of the largest green areas in the urban area of Brazil. It covers more than one million square meters, on which around 12,000 trees have been planted, is located in the center of Ipatinga and is open to everyone. This recreation area is one of the last works by landscape artist Roberto Burle Marx and consists of green spaces with sidewalks, a lake and islands, playgrounds, an amphitheater and multi-purpose fields. A stage for shows and events was recently set up in one of the ponds, measuring 383 m². The facilities located in Parque Ipanema include two sports and cultural halls ( Centro Esportivo e Cultural 7 de Outubro and Ginásio Poliesportivo Eli Amâncio ), a science park , a weather station and an ecological library ( Ecoteca ). Another park was set up on the former garbage dump on the border with the municipality of Caratinga . It now houses an environmental education center and receives around 1,500 visitors a month.
In the Estação Memória , the train station, which was built in 1930 and closed in 1951, there has been a kind of community museum since 1992, where documents about the political, artistic and cultural life of Ipatinga and the Vale do Aço are kept. Furthermore, it is a place where the performing arts, especially plastic, are promoted. The facility is open every day.
The Parque das Cachoeiras is located in a nature reserve between the Ribeirão Ipanema and the Ribeirão Tribuna , about 10 km from the city center of Ipatinga. It covers 5 million m², offers natural and artificial swimming pools, waterfalls, sports facilities, restaurants and accommodation, and is aimed at tourists from the region as well as from abroad.
Healthcare
In 2005 there were 125 health facilities in Ipatinga, 99 of them private and 26 community-owned, including hospitals, first aid stations, doctors' offices and dentists. The city also had 561 hospital beds. The death rate in 2005 was 3.6 per 1000 people.
The city has one of the best hospitals in the region. The Márcio Cunha Hospital , located in the Bairro das Águas district, was opened in 1965 by Usiminas . It was the first hospital in Brazil to be recognized as excellent by the Organização Nacional de Acreditação according to the criteria of an exemplary hospital organization.
Sports
The most important football club in the city is Ipatinga FC , which was founded in 1998. In 2005 he won the championship of the state of Minas Gerais, the Campeonato Mineiro de Futebol , where he defeated the Cruzeiro Esporte Clube . In 2006 he reached the semi-finals of the Copa do Brasil . In 2007 he was runner-up in Série B and rose to Série A of the Brazilian championship . In the following year, however, he was relegated again. In 2010 he finished second in the Campeonato Mineiro de Futebol .
In addition to Ipatinga FC, there are a few other small football clubs , namely Associação Atlética Aciaria , Ideal Futebol Clube and Liga de Desportos de Ipatinga . The city has three stages, namely the USIPA stadium Ferreirão , the Estádio João Ferreira Teotônio and generally considered Ipatingão called Estádio Municipal Epaminondas Mendes Brito . It was opened on November 23, 1982 and seats 20,500 people. On April 7, 1996, at the game between Cruzeiro and Atlético Mineiro , however, a record 25,000 spectators were counted. Kerlon is one of the footballers from Ipatinga who are successful abroad.
Ipatinga has also produced an important swimmer: Flávia Delaroli , who trains with the USIPA , won a silver and a bronze medal at the 2007 Pan American Games . At the 2008 Summer Olympics , she reached 22nd place in 50 m freestyle .
The JIMI ( Jogos do Interior de Minas Gerais ) have been held in Minas Gerais since 1985 . Their goal is to develop the sport in the interior of the state. Ipatinga was champion in these competitions between 1997 and 2001.
The Kartódromo Emerson Fittipaldi is one of the three most important karting tracks in Brazil, and the Ipatinga Open is one of the most important karting events in the country. The racing driver Alberto Valerio comes from Ipatinga.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística : Estimativas da população para 1º de julho de 2009 (PDF; 5.6 MB) , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ a b c d e f Cidades.Net: Ipatinga - MG , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Piracicaba: Informações gerais sobre a Bacia do Rio Piracicaba ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on April 9, 2010
- ↑ Dazaí: Ipatinga: Benzeno em lençol freático impede bairro de usar água de cisternas ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: [url = archive link ( memento of the original from July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Principais rios] , visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ a b Tempo Agora: Climatologia de Ipatinga - MG ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on December 2, 2009.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Umidade relativa do ar ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ INPE / CPTEC climate database: Precipitação acumulada em agosto de 2004 (Ipatinga - BRA) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET): Série Histórica - Dados Diários - Temperatura Mínima (° C) - Usiminas , visited on March 2, 2017
- ↑ Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET): Série Histórica - Dados Diários - Temperatura Máxima (° C) - Usiminas , visited on March 2, 2017
- ↑ Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET): Série Histórica - Dados Diários - Precipitação (mm) - Usiminas , visited on March 2, 2017
- ↑ CPTEC / INPE: Eventos meteorológicos do mês de setembro de 2006 ( Memento of the original from 7 July 2015 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 81 kB) , October 1, 2006, visited on May 30, 2010
- ↑ Climatempo: Má visibilidade na Usiminas - MG , May 17, 2010, visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Portal de Ipatinga: História ( Memento of the original from February 16, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on April 5, 2010.
- ↑ a b Mayor's office of Coronel Fabriciano: Primeiros habitantes ( Memento of the original from November 19, 2011 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ Terminal Rodoviário de Ipatinga: Conheça Ipatinga ( Memento of the original of October 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ Brasil Channel: Coronel Fabriciano - MG - História , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ Lafis: Usiminas ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ CMI Brasil: 1963: O Massacre da Usiminas / PMMG em Ipatinga ( Memento of the original from March 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ Câmara de Ipatinga: Câmara relembrará o Massacre de Ipatinga ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , October 2, 2007, visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ a b c Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística : Enciclopédia dos municípios brasileiros - Volume XXIV (PDF; 8 kB) , Rio de Janeiro 2007, visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ a b Portal de Ipatinga: Dados em ordem cronológica ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010
- ↑ Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE): Censo Populacional 2010 ( Memento of January 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) , visited on November 29, 2010.
- ↑ a b Confederação nacional de municípios (CMN): Demografia - População urbana , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Distribuição da população por faixa etária e sexo (*) 2005 ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD): Ranking decrescente do IDH-M dos municípios do Brasil ( Memento of the original from October 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Ministério de Apoio com Informação: Religião ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Usiminas is in second place in Brazil in patent requests ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ This is what Article 29 of the Brazilian Constitution requires
- ↑ Ipatinga City Council: Vereadores ( Memento of the original dated May 31, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ IBGE : Representação Política 2004 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ^ O Estado de S. Paulo: E Chico Ferramenta estava mesmo era na farra , February 6, 2003, visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Veja: Após "dança da pizza", as desculpas ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , March 24, 2006, visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Globo: Prefeito de Ipatinga (MG) é cassado, e presidente da Câmara assume cargo , February 28, 2009, visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Plox: Robson se afasta e Nilton Manoel assume prefeitura de Ipatinga , April 29, 2010, visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ IBGE : Frota 2008 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Globo: Acidente envolvendo quatro veículos deixa trânsito lento no bairro Iguaçu ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 19 de janeiro de 2010, visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Abetran: MG - BR-381 - Obras do gasoduto deixam o trânsito lento em Ipatinga , August 31, 2009, visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Terminal rodoviário de Ipatinga: Timetables and tariffs ( Memento of the original dated November 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Transporte Coletivo ( Memento of the original of July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Gustavo Ribeiro: Urbanos em Ipatinga - Autotrans ( Memento of the original from December 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Urbanos de Minas, November 24, 2006, visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ a b Estações ferroviárias do Brasil: EF Vitória a Minas - Intendente Câmara, município de Ipatinga , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ mayor of Ipatinga: Informações úteis de Ipatinga , visited on 23 May, 2010.
- ↑ Portal exam: Vale quer aumentar capacidade de transporte de minério ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , August 14, 2007, visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Ferroviário ( Memento of the original of July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Pictures of José Rodrigues' vehicles are here ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. consider.
- ↑ Mayor's office of Coronel Fabriciano: Características ( Memento of the original from September 22, 2011 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Aeroviário ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ^ IVAO: Ipatinga-Usiminas , visited on May 23, 2010.
- ^ Em Sampa: Governador Valadares - MG , visited May 23, 2010.
- ^ IVAO: Governador Valadares , visited May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Pedro Wellington: Governador anuncia construção do aeroporto da Usiminas ( Memento of the original of March 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Visited Imprensa MG, March 19, 2009, May 23, 2010.
- ↑ Jornal Vale do Aço: Para ver e aprender ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , March 18, 2010, visited on May 4, 2010.
- ↑ Jornal Vale do Aço: Do delírio ao pesadelo ( Memento of the original from January 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , March 25, 2010, visited on May 4, 2010.
- ↑ Folha do Comércio: Ipatinga Live Jazz abre inscrições para músicos da região , visited on May 4, 2010.
- ↑ Clube de Jazz: Ipatinga Live Jazz ( Memento of the original from December 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , August 4, 2008, visited on May 4, 2010.
- ↑ a b c Ipatinga Mayor's Office: O Turismo em Ipatinga , visited on June 5, 2010.
- ↑ Portal Cidadão: Notícias - Cultura ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , May 24, 2010, visited on June 5, 2010
- ↑ Parque das Cachoeiras: Conheça o clube , visited 5 June 2010
- ↑ IBGE: Serviços de Saúde 2005 ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Portal de Ipatinga: Taxa de mortalidade ( Memento of the original of July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ AHMG - Associação de hospitais de Minas Gerais: Hospital Márcio Cunha, em Ipatinga, alcança nível máximo de excelência da ONA ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , August / September 2003, visited on May 30, 2010
- ↑ Campeões do Futebol: Campeonato Mineiro - Primeira Divisão visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Terra: Classificação , visited May 30, 2010.
- ^ O Gol: Ipatinga Futebol Clube , visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Globo Esporte: Atlético-MG vence Ipatinga e levanta a taça , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ^ O Gol: Municipal Epaminondas Mendes Brito (Ipatingão) , visited May 30, 2010.
- ↑ UOL Olimpíadas 2008: Flávia Delaroli , visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Plox: Ipatinga estuda convite do Estado para sediar etapa do Jimi 2010 , November 21, 2010, visited on May 30, 2010.
- ↑ Jornal dos Bairros: Velocidade de volta ao Kartódromo Emerson Fittipaldi ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , February 27, 2010, visited on May 30, 2010.
