Cruzeiro Belo Horizonte

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Cruzeiro Belo Horizonte
Cruzeiro EC 2016.png
Basic data
Surname Cruzeiro Esporte Clube
Seat Belo Horizonte , Brazil
founding January 2, 1921
president Sérgio Santos Rodrigues
Website cruzeiro.com.br
First soccer team
Head coach Enderson Moreira
Venue Mineirão
Places 62.160
league Série A
2019 17th place  
home
Away
Alternatively

The Cruzeiro Esporte Clube , commonly known in German-speaking countries as Cruzeiro Belo Horizonte or simply Cruzeiro , is the most successful sports club from Belo Horizonte , the capital of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais . He is mainly known through his soccer team .

Cruzeiro is a two-time Copa Libertadores winner, four-time Brazilian soccer champion (1966, 2003, 2013 and 2014), and six-time cup winner . In addition to the Flamengo Rio de Janeiro, it was the only club in Brazil , including the 2019 season , that has always played first-class nationally.

history

The first years

Cruzeiro, 1923.

The club was founded on January 2, 1921 under the name Societá Sportiva Palestra Itália as a sports club for the Italian immigrants from Belo Horizonte. The term Palestra (from ancient Greek παλαίστρα palaistra , wrestling school ') describes a gymnasium in Italian. The first club colors were the colors of the Italian flag: green, red and white. The team played accordingly in green jerseys, white shorts and red socks. Four months after it was founded, the first game between Palestra and future city ​​rivals Atlético Mineiro took place. On April 17, 1921, the clubs met and Palestra was able to win the meeting 3-0.

The 1925 crew

From 1925, membership was also opened to non-Italian people. In 1926 Cruzeiro won the first major title with the state championship in Minas Gerais . So far, 38 more successes have followed in this competition. Leading here, however, is Cruzeiro's main local competitor, Atlético Mineiro , who can boast around half a dozen more victories in the Campeonato Mineiro .

When Brazil entered the war in January 1942, the use of terms of opposing nations was banned and the association had to change its name. As of January 30, the club was originally called Sociedade Esportiva Palestra Mineiro . After a general assembly convened by club president Ennes Cyro Poni for October 7, 1942, the club operated as Ypiranga for the first week of October '42 . Local media published the new name between October 3rd and 7th. But then played as Palestra Mineiro until January 1943. Before the Association of Minas Gerais approved the new statutes of the club. The members had finally agreed on Cruzeiro Esporte Clube ("Sports Club Cruzeiro"). In addition to Ypirangan , Yale was also available.

Cruzeiro refers to the Southern Cross ("Cruzeiro do Sul"), a constellation that is also included in the Brazilian flag and is a symbol of the country. Blue and white became the new club colors. The legal colors were blue and white, chosen as a compromise to reassure the Italian factions within the club's administration, as it was representative of both the Brazilian flag and the Italian national football team (blue is the color of the House of Savoy , the Italy of 1861 until 1946) ruled. As a reminder of the past, the Italian flag was embroidered on the back of the jersey collar in the 2009 season and the old green / red / white logo with the letter P could be seen on the left chest.

50s to 70s

The first national success was the victory in the final of the Taça Brasil , the first version of a Brazilian cup competition held between 1959 and 1968. In the finals, Cruzeiro defeated FC Santos around world star Pelé 6-2 and 3-2. Tostão and Piazza , who were to become world champions with the Brazilian national football team in 1970 , as well as Dirceu Lopes and long-time goalkeeper Raul Plassmann were among the stars of this team trained by Aírton Moreira .

The highlight of the club's history are the two wins in 1976 - after a playoff against Argentina's River Plate in which Roberto Perfumo , who played for Cruzeiro from 1971 to 1974, was in the team - and in 1997 - against Peñarol from Uruguay - in the Copa Libertadores , the South American equivalent of the European Champions League . In 1976 Palhinha was the top scorer of the competition with 13 goals , an achievement that has only been exceeded once since then.

In the subsequent World Cup games, Cruzeiro lost to German competition. In November 1976 Cruzeiro lost 2-0 to FC Bayern Munich in the icy Munich Olympic Stadium and in December did not make it past 0-0 at home in front of 117,000 spectators despite a 90-minute run against the Bayern goal guarded by Sepp Maier . The 1997 final in Tokyo against Borussia Dortmund was lost 2-0.

80s and 90s

Further international successes are the two victories in 1991 and 1992 in the Supercopa Sudamericana , held between 1988 and 1997 , a competition in which former Libertadores winners were allowed to take part. In the finals, Cruzeiro beat Argentine clubs with River Plate and the Racing Club .

In the Copa Libertadores , Cruzeiro made it to the finals in 1976 , 1977 , 1997 and 2009 . Twice you emerged victorious from the competition.

With five successes in five finals in the Brazilian Cup, the Copa do Brasil , between 1993 and 2017, Cruzeiro, together with Grêmio Porto Alegre , has been the record winner in this competition since its introduction in its current form in 1989.

Series winner from 2003

In 2003, the championship was held for the first time on the European model. This season, Cruzeiro won it the Triple from Campeonato Mineiro , Brazilian championship and the Brazilian Cup . No other South American soccer team has achieved this so far. In honor of this success, the club logo was extended by one crown over the previous one.

In 2013 and 2014 the third and fourth Brazilian championship titles were won. The successful decade continued on a national level with winning the Copa do Brasil in 2017 and 2018 . These were wins five and six in the competition. Cruzeiro became the sole record winner of the Copa in 2018.

Crisis 2019

After the club ran into financial difficulties in 2019 and was only able to pay salaries late, Cruzeiro had to relegate to Série B for the first time at the end of the 2019 season . After a board of directors was initially entrusted with the management, this determined a debt level of 800 million real in his five-month term of office . The club owed FIFA alone an amount of 35 million or the Al-Wahda (Abu Dhabi) five million in transfer payments. For the outstanding payments, including to other clubs, the club threatened to deduct six points before the start of Série B 2020. With the help of sponsorship money, payments could be made. By mid-July 2020, the club had paid debts of real 20.7 million to FIFA. The values ​​related to payments to Sorja Luhansk ( Willian Bigode ), CA Unión Florida ( Ramón Ábila ) and UANL Tigres from Mexico for the transfer of Rafael Sóbis . There are outstanding payments to Independiente del Valle for Luis Caicedo Medina for 674,502 USD until August 20, 2020. Furthermore, to Spartak Moscow for 395,619 euros for Pedro Rocha and the five million to al-Wahda.

The club logo changed over the years. The last adjustment took place in 2016, in which the structure of the crown above the logo was slightly changed.

Development of the club logo
1921 1927 1942 1959 1961 1996 2003 2016
Escudo Cruzeiro PI.png SSPI1942.png Escudo do Cruzeiro 1942.png Escudo Cruzeiro 1959.png Escudo Cruzeiro BH.png Escudo Cruzeiro 1996-2003.png Cruzeiro 04.png Cruzeiro EC 2016.png

shirt

When Cruzeiro was known as Palestra Italia, the house shirt color was green. The first home kit was an improvised dark green shirt with white shorts and green stockings. Cruzeiro used this kit in his first professional game on April 3, 1921 at the Prado Mineiro Stadium. In the game against a selection of Villa Nova AC and Palmeiras from Nova Lima a 2-0 win succeeded. In 1928 the shirt color was replaced by a lighter green. This was equipped with a white collar and red cuffs. The shorts were still white, but the green stockings now had red and white details, similar to the Italian flag.

Shirt 1936 with the players Ninão , Niginho , Bengala

This particular uniform was in use until 1940. The light green color of the T-shirt later gave the team the nickname "Periquito", Portuguese for parakeet . In 1940 there was another change to the jersey. The shirt received horizontal stripes, with the club's logo in the middle. With the shirt change, for the first time in ten years in the state championship of Minas Gerais , the success came back. The trophy could be won in the first year with this. Due to this, the shirt won the 1940 Campeonato da Cidade - now known as the Campeonato Mineiro - after the club was unable to win the tournament for ten years.

After the naming ban in 1942, Cruzeiro played a game under the name Ypiranga. A blue shirt with a central horizontal stripe was used for this game. In 1943 Cruzeiro played his first game under his current name. The shirt was then a whole blue shirt with a large white V-neck. The shorts and stockings were white. In 1950, Cruzeiro began using an all-white shirt during night games due to poor stadium lighting. The shirt had appliqués, blue shorts and white stockings and was used for nine years. In 1956, Cruzeiro used, for a short time, a new shirt made up of white and blue horizontal stripes. The shirt was not used in many games. Another change to the shirt took place in 1959. The shirt became all blue. With the 1959 shirt, the representation of the logo on the shirt followed. The five stars from the logo were now worn loosely without a logo on the chest.

In 1984 Cruzeiro wore the first company logo on his shirt. It was the logo of the T-shirt manufacturer Topper . That same year, Cruzeiro had its first t-shirt sponsor, Medradao . This shirt was only used for away games.

Jersey as SS Palestra Itália 1921-1940
1921 1922 1923 1928 1936 1940
Camisa1921.PNG Camisa1922.PNG Camisa1923.PNG Camisa1928.PNG Camisa1936.PNG Camisa1940.PNG

Outfitter

The material suppliers were previously.

  • BrazilBrazil Topper : (1984–1985)
  • GermanyGermany Adidas : (1986–1989)
  • BrazilBrazil Finta : (1990-1996)
  • BrazilBrazil Rhumell : (1997-1998)
  • BrazilBrazil Topper : (1998-2005)
  • GermanyGermany Puma : (2006-2008)
  • United KingdomUnited Kingdom Reebok : (2009-2011)
  • BrazilBrazil Olympikus : (2012-2014)
  • BrazilBrazil Penalty : (2015-2016)
  • United KingdomUnited Kingdom Umbro : (2016-2019)

Mascots and nicknames

In contrast to local rivals Atlético Mineiro , who have a rooster as their mascot, the fox has established itself at Cruzeiro. It was invented in 1945 by cartoonist Fernando Pieruccetti (better known as Mangabeira). This was inspired by the former club president Mario Grosso , who ran the club's business with wisdom and cunning. The elf is therefore also called the raposa, Portuguese for foxes.

Other common nicknames are: "Celeste" (Heavenly), "La Bestia Negra" (The Black Beast) and Palestra Mineiro.

Youth work and transfers

Cruzeiro is also known through his youth work, from which well-known players such as the Brazilian internationals Ronaldo , Dida and Fred emerged , who also had success in Europe.

Stadion

Estadio Juscelino Kubitschek 1923

In the early twenties, the club built its own stadium for 5,000 spectators in the Barro Preto district . The construction was carried out exclusively with funds from the club members. In 1945 the stadium was expanded to accommodate 15,000 spectators. This was in honor of the then mayor of Belo Horizonte Juscelino Kubitschek in Estadio Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira renamed (JK). Kubitschek later became governor of Minas Gerais and later president of Brazil.

With the construction of the Mineirão in 1965, the use of the JK Stadium as a venue finally ended . Cruzeiro's last game in the stadium took place on February 14, 1965 with a friendly against the EC Democrata . The club, which was already using the Estádio Independência for the games of the larger public, converted the area for training and games for team B and the basic category. In 1973, with the construction of the training center of the Toca da Raposa I club , considered one of the most modern and best equipped in the world, the official headquarters of the Brazilian team.

In 1986, the field and part of the stadium were dismantled and replaced with swimming pools and buildings, creating space for a country club which served to increase the club's membership and generate another source of income. The training of the junior division was transferred to the Toca da Raposa. Today it has a structure dedicated to the leisure of its members. It consists of u. a. from four small courts, a restaurant, a gym, three semi-Olympic pools and three children's pools.

The Cruzeiro won twelve times the Campeonato Mineiro in the stadium JK (1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1940, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1956, 1959, 1960 and 1961). Here against 62 different clubs and seven national teams in 478 games. There were 285 wins, 96 draws and 97 defeats, a total of 1370 goals and 718 goals against.

Since the Mineirão was completed , the club has usually played its home games there. With a capacity of over 62,160 spectators, it is the largest stadium in the state of Minas Gerais. It is located in the Pampulhas district in the south of Belo Horizonte and is also used by the Atlético Mineiro and América Mineiro clubs . The Mineirão was also often the venue for international matches for the Brazilian national team. Games from the 2014 World Cup will also be played in the stadium. Before the conversion for the World Cup, the capacity was 75,000 spectators.

The 2012 Mineirão

The Mineirão was designed by the architects Eduardo Mendes Guimarães Júnior and Caspar Garreto. From the start of construction in 1963 to the opening in 1965, around 5,000 people were involved in the construction of the stadium. The stadium, which opened on September 5, 1965, has a record attendance of 130,000, which was set in 1997. Since then, however, the capacity has had to be reduced for safety reasons.

The stadium is not owned by Cruzeiro, but by Minas Gerais State .

successes

International

Copa do Brasil trophy from 1994 to 2001
1966 Taça Brasil Trophy
  • Trofeo Ciudad de Valladolid: 1982

National

Includes AMET championship 1926, (LMDT: CA Mineiro), LMDT championship 1932 (AMEG: Vila Novo AC) and Supercampeonato 2002 (regular champion: AA Caldense). 1956 shared championship with CA Mineiro.

Awards

  • Top 100 Club Award by the Confederação Nacional dos Clubes (Fernaclubes): 2016, 2017, 2018

Current squad

Placements in the Brazilian Football Championship

The table begins with the counting from the championship of 1971. The competitions held earlier, which were later recognized as championships, were not taken into account.

season space season space season space season space season space
1971 8th 1981 19th 1991 16 2001 21st 2011 16
1972 6th 1982 24 1992 8th 2002 9 2012 9
1973 3 1983 17th 1993 12 2003 1 2013 1
1974 2 1984 34 1994 22nd 2004 13 2014 1
1975 2 1985 23 1995 3 2005 5 2015 8th
1976 31 1986 8th 1996 5 2006 8th 2016 12
1977 16 1987 4th 1997 20th 2007 10 2017 5
1978 10 1988 8th 1998 2 2008 3 2018 8th
1979 6th 1989 3 1999 5 2009 4th 2019 17  
1980 10 1990 9 2000 3 2010 2

Placements in the national ranking of the Brazilian Football Association (CBF)

The association's calculation of the ranking is based on a key that gives points for placements in league classes A to D as well as placement in the Copa do Brasil . The stated ranking is the result of the stated year, not that of the publication.

season space season space
2006 9th - 1,654 points 2013 8th - 13,512 points
2007 9th - 1,717 points 2014 1. - 15,328 points
2008 9th - 1,834 points 2015 3rd - 14,064 points
2009 9th - 1,891 points 2016 6th - 14,202 points
2010 9th - 1,950 points 2017 1st - 15,288 points
2011 8th - 2,114 points 2018 2nd - 15,882 points
2012 10. - 13.096 points 2019 4th - 15,118 points

Known players

Most games Most goals

Other well-known players

Trainer

The five coaches with the most games for Cruzeiro were (as of November 4, 2018):

1. Hilton Chaves : 362
2. Levir Culpi : 257
3. Niginho : 256
4. Ayrton Moreira : 206
5. Mano Menezes and Ênio Vargas de Andrade : 187

Women's soccer

Cruzeiro's football section for women was founded in late 2018 and plays second-rate for the 2019 season.

Other sports

In addition to football, the club also has departments for athletics and boccia . In the past, other sports were supported, including a. the club once maintained a professional volleyball team . This was revived in 2009 through a cooperation with the Associação Social e Esportiva Sada and thus the volleyball club Sada Cruzeiro Vôlei was created , which is already three times club world champion and four times South American champion.

In 2017, Cruzeiro operated another cooperation in the field of American football . The Belo Horizonte Get Eagles , founded in 2014, agreed to cooperate in March 2017. The team ran in the future under the name Sada Cruzeiro Futebol Americano and won the championship that season . In February 2018, Cruzeiro ended the collaboration. Cruzeiro entered into a new partnership. On March 9, 2018, the club announced the collaboration with the Juiz de Fora Imperadores . The cooperation will start under the brand Cruzeiro Imperadores .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marcelo Russio: Belo Horizonte ataca os prazos de olho na abertura da Copa do Mundo Globo Esporte, August 24, 2010
  2. ↑ First game against Atlético Mineiro , report on memoriasdoesporte.com.br from August 29, 2018, page in portug., Accessed on August 30, 2018
  3. ↑ rsssfbrasil.com: Minas Gerais Estate - List of Champions ( Memento from June 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ 70 years of new identity , report on globoesporte.globo.com of October 7, 2012, page in portugal, accessed on June 21, 2018
  5. ↑ rsssf.com: Copa Libertadores - Topscorers
  6. ↑ 800 million real debt , report on otempo.com.br of May 29, 2020, page in portugal, accessed on June 3, 2020
  7. ↑ Avoidance of point deduction 2020 , report on terra.com.br from May 28, 2020, page in portugal, accessed on June 3, 2020
  8. ↑ Development of the logo
  9. ↑ Jersey history ( memento of October 7, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), report on cruzeiro.com.br, accessed on June 7, 2017
  10. ↑ Umbro outfitters from 2016 , report on oglobo.globo.com from April 25, 2016, page in portug., Accessed on June 21, 2018
  11. ↑ Fernando Pieruccetti
  12. ↑ Nickname: Black Beast (Portuguese)
  13. ↑ Top 100 Klub 2018 , report on otempo.com.br from November 6, 2018, page in portugal, accessed on November 13, 2018
  14. ↑ Trainer missions , report on otempo.com.br from November 5, 2018, page in portugal, accessed on November 6, 2018
  15. ↑ Cooperation American Football 2017 , report on globoesporte.globo.com from March 10, 2017, page in portugal, accessed on March 12, 2018
  16. ^ Termination of Sada Cruzeiro Futebol Americano, report on otempo.com.br of February 28, 2018, page in portug., Accessed on March 12, 2018
  17. ↑ Cruzeiro Imperadore's foundation , report on vavel.com of March 10, 2018, page in portugal, accessed on March 12, 2018