Junkers W 34

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Junkers W 34
Junkers W34 ExCC.jpg
Junkers W-34 of the Canadian Armed Forces
Type: single-engine low-wing aircraft
Design country:

German EmpireGerman Empire German Empire

Manufacturer:

Junkers Flugzeugwerk AG

First flight:

July 7, 1926

Number of pieces:

2124

The Junkers W 34 was a single - engine low- wing aircraft from Junkers Flugzeugwerk AG and a more powerfully motorized version of the Junkers W 33 . From the outset, the machine was designed as a multi-purpose aircraft with many variants for passenger and cargo aviation as well as school operations.

history

Pilot Neuenhofen in front of the record aircraft W 34 be / b3e

The first flight of the W 34 took place on July 7, 1926. Junkers factory pilots carried out several record flights with the type. Factory and test pilot Willy Neuenhofen set an absolute high-altitude record with the W 34 be / b3e with the registration "D 1119" on May 26, 1929 with 12,739 m. The aircraft was powered by a Bristol Jupiter VII engine .

construction

The W 34, like the W 33 and F 13 models , of which it was a further development, was a cantilever all-metal low-wing aircraft. The box-shaped fuselage and the wings consisted of continuous tubular spars, riveted struts and corrugated iron planking. From the outset, it was designed to be very flexible with regard to the motorization, so that it was equipped and delivered with many different air-cooled radial engines from various manufacturers. The originally open cockpit was built closed from version f .

The cabin was initially set up for one pilot and five passengers , later it was also available for two pilots with double controls and up to 6 passengers.

production and logistics

The aircraft was produced with different instrumentation, radio equipment and interiors according to customer requirements. A total of about 100 machines of this type were delivered for civil purposes. In addition, there were 2024 pieces of the hi and hau versions , which were built by several license companies on behalf of the RLM for the air force . The unit price was between 65,000 and 70,400 RM.

Those involved in the production of
the W 34 hi (in brackets) were :
Junkers (Ju 105), Henschel Flugzeug-Werke (HFW; 430), Allgemeine Transportanlagen-Gesellschaft (ATG; 94), Dornier-Werke Wismar (Thu ; 58), Hamburger Flugzeugbau (HFB; 69) and Weser-Flugzeugbau (Weserflug; 221).

At the W 34 hau :
Henschel Flugzeug-Werke (HFW 329), Arado Brandenburg (Ar; 205), Allgemeine Transportanlagen-Gesellschaft (ATG; 105), Dornier-Werke Wismar (Do; 93), Hamburger Flugzeugbau (HFB; 192) and MIAG Braunschweig (MIAG; 73).

Versions

SE-BYA ex at Stockholm / Arlanda Airport 1968

The following variants were built, among others:

  • W 34 a :
    • a Gnôme-Rhône engine with 331 kW
    • Top speed: approx. 190 km / h
    • Wingspan : approx. 17.75 m
    • Length: approx. 11.10 m
  • W 34 be :
    • a Gnôme-Rhône engine with 375 kW
    • Top speed: approx. 230 km / h
    • Span: approx. 17.75 m
    • Length: approx. 10.70 m
  • W 34 be / b3e :
    • a Bristol-Jupiter VII engine with 441 kW
    • was only used for the high altitude record
  • W 34 di : like W34 ci, but engine manufactured by BMW under license.
  • W 34 f :
    • a Gnôme-Rhône engine with 331 kW
    • Top speed: approx. 190 km / h
    • Span: approx 18.48 m
    • Length: approx. 11.10 m
    • Closed driver's seat
    • changed longer ailerons
    • partly built with a side hatch for export
  • W 34 f : experimental aircraft with floats
  • W 34 fa : export execution, passenger equipment
  • W 34 fä : export version
  • W 34 fei :
    • 441 kW Siemens Sh 20 U
    • only one copy for experiments, later converted to a floatplane
  • W 34 fg : with engine Armstrong-Siddeley Jaguar Major
  • W 34 fue : with Pratt & Whitney Hornet engine, later converted to a floatplane.
  • W 34 fi :
    • 405 kW Hornet engine
    • either from Pratt & Whitney or under license from BMW
    • Span: 18.48 m
    • Length: 10.27 m
    • Top speed: approx. 260 km / h
    • In addition to the closed pilot's cockpit and the cabin windows, low-pressure tires were also used here
  • W 34 gi : with a 405 kW BMW Hornet, 1933 a specimen for tests
  • W 34 hi :
    • BMW 132 A / E with 485 kW
    • for 6 passengers
    • improved radio and direction finding equipment
    • was mainly used by the air force for training pilots and radio operators
  • W 34 hau : like hi , however
    • Bramo 322 H with 526 kW
    • was mainly used by the air force for training pilots and radio operators

use

The W 34 was exported to numerous countries; including the Republic of China , Spain , Canada , New Guinea , Norway , Sweden and South Africa .

On January 31, 1944, the Luftwaffe still had 618 W 34 hi and 516 W 34 hau in operation, most of them for pilot training.

Technical specifications

Parameter Data
crew 2
Passengers until 6
length 10.27-11.10 m
span 17.75-18.48 m
height 3.18-3.53 m
Empty mass 1400-1700 kg
Max. Takeoff mass 2100-3200 kg
Cruising speed 190-230 km / h
Top speed 190–260 km / h
Service ceiling 4200-6300 m
Range 900-2000 km
Engines Gnôme-Rhône
Bristol Jupiter VII
Pratt & Whitney Hornet
Armstrong Siddeley Panther
Siemens & Halske Sh 20
BMW 132A / E
Bramo 322

Preserved copies

Junkers W 34 (CF-ATF) in the Canada Aviation and Space Museum

A preserved Junkers W 34 (CF-ATF) is in the Canada Aviation and Space Museum in Ottawa .

Another W 34 (FAC 407) made in Germany, which came to Colombia in 1932, is in the Museo Aeroespacial Colombiano (MAECO) of the Colombian Air Force in the CATAM military section of Bogotá Airport (from November 2016 in the new museum in Tocancipá).

Related developments

A further developed variant was the Junkers Ju 46 , which was developed as a catapult launch variant of the W 34 after a suggestion by Deutsche Luft Hansa AG (DLH) and was used for advance mail flights by the express steamers Europa and Bremen .

See also

Web links

Commons : Junkers W 34  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Canada Aviation and Space Museum: Junkers W 34f / fi
  2. ↑ Information at fac.mil.co