Imperial and Royal Infantry Regiment "Graf von Khevenhüller" No. 7

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1691 “Old Lorraine regiment on foot”
1720 “Neipperg infantry regiment”
1769 “InfReg. by Neipperg No. 7 "
1860" Infantry regiment "Graf von Khevenhüller" No. 7 "

Ludwig Andreas von Khevenhüller - Feldmarschall.jpg

The namesake of the regiment - Field Marshal Graf Khevenhüller
active 1691 to 1918
Country Holy Roman Empire : Imperial Army / Habsburg Monarchy , 1804 Austrian Empire , 1867 Austria-Hungary
Branch of service infantry
Origin of the soldiers from the entire empire (until 1806), 1766 Franconian Imperial Circle
owner 1691 Wilhelm von Öttingen ,
1691 Johann Ferdinand von Pfeffershoven ,
1700 Eberhard Friedrich von Neipperg ,
1717 Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg ,
1774 Franz Xaver Harrach ,
1783 Carl von Schröder ,
1835 Franz Adolf Prohaska von Guelfenburg ,
1862 Joseph Freiherr v. Maroicic di Madonna del Monte, kk Feldzeugmeister
motto 1914: Courage - bravery - loyalty
Tribe list List of infantry regiments of the Imperial Habsburg Army in the early modern period &

List of kuk combat troops

Trunk number 1769: No. 7; Ticino : 1691/2

The . Kuk Infantry Regiment "Graf von Khevenhüller" No. 7 was an Infantry - Regiment of the Habsburg monarchy . It was put into service in 1691 as the Regiment Alt-Lorraine on foot by the Habsburg Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire . The regiment existed until 1918 in the Austrian Empire or in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . It did not get its last name until 1860. In 1915, the additional designations were abolished, from then on it was only to be called "Infantry Regiment No. 7". However, this could not be enforced in common parlance, also because the thrifty kuk military administration had ordered to use up all existing stamps and forms first.

List and relevant events

On the occasion of the threat posed by the Ottomans in the Great Turkish War , Emperor Leopold I was forced to strengthen his armed forces by setting up new regiments.

On January 25, 1691, Sergeant General Notger Wilhelm Graf von Öttingen-Baldern received a patent for the formation of a regiment on foot of ten companies with a strength of 1500 men.

Franconia was set as the advertising area . The first enlisted soldiers therefore came from Nuremberg , Bamberg , Bayreuth and Ulm , as well as from Rothenburg ob der Tauber . The regiment was armed with 1,320 muskets and 80 short rifles for the NCOs . The so-called "Regiment Graf von Öttingen-Baldern" received a new owner just two months later and was now called "Regiment Freiherr von Pfeffershofen". The main task of the unit was initially to repel the ongoing Turkish invasions. For this purpose, it was garrisoned in the strategically important fortress of Ofen .

  • 1720: The name "Regiment on foot" is replaced by "Infantry Regiment".
  • 1735: Relocation of the regiment to Tuscany
  • 1737: On June 28, the “1. Printed service and exercise regulations for cavalry and infantry "for the Austrian army, written by Field Marshal Graf von Khevenhüller (first edition Vienna 1739)
  • 1744: Field Marshal (FM) Ludwig Andreas Graf von Khevenhüller died in January. His grave monument is in the Schottenkirche in Vienna.
  • 1769: The previous practice of naming regiments after their owner was abolished and replaced by permanent numbering. The regiment was assigned the number 7. The rank of the owner was decisive for determining the rank of the regiments. From now on the regiment had to keep the received number forever and to have it engraved on the sabers. Feldzeugmeister Graf Neipperg was the oldest owner at the time and, after the house regiments (Kaiser, Archduke Ferdinand, Duke Karl von Lothringen, high and German masters and the 1st and 2nd garrison regiments) received the "No. 7 ". The badge color used as a distinguishing feature was blue until 1767 (1st documented adjustment of the regiment) and was then changed to dark brown.
Orphanage barracks in Klagenfurt
Troop flag (front)
Troop flag (back)
  • 1814: Ferdinand Grand Duke of Tuscany became the new owner of the regiment.
  • 1817: A new regimental district division was created. The 7th Infantry Regiment was assigned the Klagenfurt district with 155,129 "souls" and the Villach district with 112,122 "souls".
  • 1824: Christof Freiherr von Lattermann becomes regiment owner .
  • 1830: The regiment was stationed in Northern Italy under its commandant Josef Freiherr von Adelstein .
  • 1835: Franz Adolf Prohaska von Guelfenburg becomes a colonel owner
  • 1858: As the regimental flags showed strong signs of wear and tear due to years of use, it became necessary to assign new flags to the regiment. This happened on October 18, 1858 in the presence of the governor of Trieste , Governor FML Baron Mertens, the corps commander of Telmer and many other officers in the great imperial court in Trieste. The flag of the first battalion bore the imperial double-headed eagle on the front and the image of the Virgin Mary on the back. The other flags were marked with the double-headed eagle on both sides. The flag mother for the 1st Battalion was the Empress Elisabeth , who donated a gold-embroidered flag ribbon with the inscription “The Empress Elisabeth to the brave sons of Carinthia” and a second ribbon with the slogan “MUTH, BRAVERY and TRUE”.
  • 1868: On June 24th, the solemn unveiling of the monument in Klagenfurt's parish church, which was erected in memory of the soldiers who fell in the battle of Custozza on the "Field of Honor".
  • 1871: The regiment moved to Tyrol to stay there until 1882. Afterwards it returns to Klagenfurt or Villach from Tyrol after many assistance assignments.
  • 1883: Unrest on the former military border required a short-term relocation of the regiment to the Agram area . It then took part in the maneuvers taking place in Hungary (September 15-21).
  • 1888: In memory of Field Marshal Ludwig Andreas Graf von Khevenhüller - Frankenburg, the unit, previously named only Infantry Regiment No. 7 , was given the everlasting name on May 13 by Emperor Franz Josef on the occasion of the ceremonial unveiling of the monument to Empress Maria Theresa in Vienna:
Kaiser Franz Josef barracks in Graz

Ludwig Andreas Graf von Khevenhüller Infantry Regiment No. 7

  • 1883: FZM Hermann Freiherr Dahlen von Orlaburg becomes the new regiment owner .
  • 1891: On January 12, 1891, the regiment's birthday was 200 years old. The unfavorable time of year caused the regimental commander, Colonel Rungg, to postpone the official celebration to Custozza Memorial Day. From June 23 to 25, 1891, the 7th Infantry Regiment celebrated its jubilee in the orphanage barracks in Klagenfurt in the presence of the corps commander, Feldzeugmeister Duke von Württemberg and all official Carinthian personalities.
  • 1909: On January 6th, the regiment sets up the first machine gun division with the Schwarzlose machine gun .
Captain of InfRgt No. 7 on duty / exit adjustment

Status August 1914

Affiliated with: 6th Infantry Troop Division - III. Army Corps
Nationalities: 97% German - 3% other
Supplementary command and replacement battalion cadre: Klagenfurt
Deployment: Staff, I., III., IV. Baon: Graz - II. Baon: Klagenfurt
Commander: Colonel Otto Koschatzky
Staff officers: Obstlt.Hubinger, Johann - Maj.Fleischer, Hermann - Maj.Palik, Maximilian - Maj.Kaufmann, Johann - Maj.Prünster, Ignaz - Maj.Bueckeisen, Friedrich - Maj.Ritter Schönhaber von Wengenroth, Heinrich - Maj. Lunzer Noble von Lindhausen, Heinrich
German uniform - leveling color : dark brown - buttons: white metal
Regimental language: German

Garrisons

Battle calendar

Great Turkish War

  • 1696: The regiment received its first baptism of fire in the battle of Olasch an der Bega against the Turks.
  • 1697: Under Prince Eugene of Savoy, deployed in the Battle of Zenta .
  • 1699: The regiment's combat value, morale and equipment had fallen so much that a dissolution had to be considered. However, the remnants of the even worse-off and therefore disbanded regiments “Neipperg” and “ Württemberg-Mömpelgard ” could be incorporated and thus the existence secured. The title now went to Colonel Eberhard Friedrich von Neipperg , who held this office until 1717. The association was now called "Infanterie Regiment Neipperg". In the same year the regiment received a regimental music consisting of drummers and whistles.
  • 1703: Fights against the insurgents in Hungary and Transylvania .

War of the Spanish Succession

  • 1713: Until about 1716 six companies were involved in the operations of the Rhine Army.

Venetian-Austrian Turkish War

  • 1716: Battle of Peterwardein The regiment received the highest laurels for its conduct during the battle. The regimental commander at that time, Feldzeugmeister Eberhard Friedrich von Neipperg, was due to his special merits in the battle of Emperor Karl VI. with a "Dank-Briefel" (thank you letter), at that time a special sign of imperial favor. Colonel Ludwig Andreas Graf von Khevenhüller, who later named the regiment, was given the honor of bringing the message of victory to the emperor in Vienna.

In October of the same year the regiment took part in the conquest of the strong Turkish fortress Temesvar .

  • 1717: On February 24th, the son of the previous Colonel Eberhard von Neipperg, Field Marshal Count Reinhard Willhelm von Neipperg, was appointed the new regimental owner.
June 1717: Conquest of Belgrade
  • 1718: For the first time, additional teams were recruited from Carinthia and Styria for the regiment . The advertising money per capita was about 29 to 49 fl ( Gulden | Florin).

War of the Austrian Succession

Seven Years War

Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1787–1792)

  • 1789: Under Feldmarschalleutnant Freiherr von Schröder (1783–1810), who succeeded Franz Xaver von Harrach (1774–1783) as owner of the regiment, the regiment took part in the battles at Foksani and Martinestie (then Moldau , near the Black Sea) in 1789 the commanders Lieutenant Colonel Emanuel Graf Auersberg and Lieutenant Colonel Sobietitzky von Sobietitz took part against the Turks.

coalition wars

  • 1805: The regiment defended the hill near Colognola (Italy) under Captain Marinowsky.
  • 1809: Under the command of Ferdinand Grand Duke of Würzburg , the 7th Infantry Regiment distinguished itself again in the battles against Napoleon.

Italian Wars of Independence

  • 1848: The regiment played a key role in the success of the Imperial and Royal Army in all important battles under the command of Field Marshal Radetzky. On May 19, the regiment commander at the time, Colonel Baron Reischach, stormed at the head of the sevens with the cry “Forward Prohaska! Long live the emperor! “, Montanara tenaciously defended.
  • June 10: In the "Battle of Vicenza", Colonel Baron Reischach, at the head of the 4th Company, stormed the Villa Rotonda. The determination of the Carinthian infantrymen played a decisive role in the city's surrender.
  • 1859: Battle of Solferino . The IV Battalion remained in Venice as a garrison until 1866 .
  • 1862: The regiment moved back to its garrisons in Carinthia.
  • 1865: Relocation to Italy again

German war

  • 1866: At the beginning of the year the regiment was under its owner Baron von Maroicic in Northern Italy. After the replacement of Feldzeugmeister (FZM) v. Baredek by Archduke Albrecht in Italy, the Austrian general mobilization was announced at the beginning of May and the armed forces were put into war readiness. The regiment was the Brigade Kirchsberg, in the IX. Corps of the Southern Army (FML. Hardening) assigned.
  • Battle of Custozza

On June 24th at 4:30 p.m. the I., II. And III. Battalion ordered to attack and take the enemy positions on Monte Croce from two sides. In the first attempt, the regiment was able to capture six guns despite fierce resistance and turn them against their previous owners under Major König. Due to the overall success, June 24th was declared regimental commemoration day by imperial order.

In mid-July 1866, the regiment was moved from the Venetian lowlands to Vienna in order to strengthen the Northern Army without being deployed. It then returned to Trieste for a short time, from where it was transferred to Graz at the beginning of October.

  • 1869: An open uprising broke out in Dalmatia, which was directed against the law on the introduction of compulsory military service. The regiment was involved in the suppression of the uprising here.
  • 1870: Return to the Klagenfurt and Graz garrisons.
  • 1879: After Austria received the mandate from the Berlin Congress to occupy the provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina militarily, the regiment with the IV and V battalions under Lieutenant Colonel Freiherr von Pittel in the association of the 6th Troop Division took on the occupation of the area part. It fought in battles near Konza and Maglaj, Bjelalowac and the capture of Sarajevo . The rest of the association was relocated to southern Tyrol ( Welschtirol ) in order to counteract emerging difficulties with Italy. The stations were Riva , Creto and Torbole . As a result of severe storms (floods and mudslides ) during this time, the regiment was called on to disaster operations.

First World War

When the war broke out, the regiment belonged to squadron "A" and was therefore sent under the command of Colonel Koschatzky to Northern Galicia , where it took part in the Battle of Zloczow (Wielkie Lackie) on August 26, 1914 and was baptized by fire. Until the end of August, the regiment fought against overpowering Russian masses in the costly Battle of Gnila Lipa , then in the context of the Battle of Lemberg on the Wereszysca and on September 6th and 7th during the Battle of Grodek in the Mszana grove. It took part in the attack on the Russian containment ring around the Przemyśl Fortress in October . This was followed by defensive battles in the Carpathian Mountains in the winter of 1914/15 with the defense of the Duklapass . In February 1915 new attacks began, the regiment advanced from Körösmezö to Eastern Galicia as part of the 6th Infantry Division and took part in the storming of the heights of Barowacz - Koniacz.

  • May 23, 1915: During Italy's declaration of war on Austria-Hungary, the regiment carried out trench warfare on the Dniester . Because of the acute shortage of troops on the new front sections, the 2nd Battalion was immediately withdrawn and commanded to the front section of the Isonzo . The remaining parts of the regiment would follow a little later.

In the Fourth Isonzo Battle , the regiment successfully defended Monte San Michele. In December it was moved to the Carnic Ridge to defend the Plöckenpass and Raiblpass sections . The Xth March Battalion , which was set up in Hermagor at the beginning of the year , initially operated independently on Nassfeld and then in the area of Lake Wolayer . In autumn 1915 it was moved to the Hochweißstein area (Monte Peralba). From January 1, 1916, it was incorporated into the regiment as the 2nd Battalion.

  • 1916: Defensive battles on the border ridges of the Carnic and Julian Alps .
  • 1917: Provision of the regiment for the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo . To the east of Flitsch there were four battalions in the mountains and one battalion in the Wischberg area. The breakthrough battle between Flitsch and Karfreit began on October 24th. The regiment (excluding IV Baon) stormed the almost vertical slopes of the Polounik. The storming of Monte Tomatico followed on November 15th. Fighting on Monte Asolone in December.
  • 1918: During the June battle , the Khevenhüller fought off several enemy counter-attacks on Monte Solarolo. Hard position battles on Monte Pertica followed. Due to the massive loss of personnel in the front, caused by mass desertions, especially by Czech soldiers, the general retreat was forced to begin here on October 27th. The 7th Infantry Regiment still managed to hold Monte Prassolan and Perticahang with high losses and thus save many soldiers on the way to Brenner death and imprisonment. The Khevenhüller then also broke away from the front and marched initially as far as Bruneck . From there they marched to Innichen on November 10th. There the rail transport began back to Klagenfurt, which the remnants of the regiment with a strength of 300 men reached on November 13th. In Klagenfurt they were only given by the MPs Dr. Angerer and Mr. Melcher received on behalf of the Defense Committee. The "kuk Kärntner Infantry Regiment Graf von Khevenhüller No. 7" was then dissolved without a fuss.

Others

Regimental dog "Corporal" Prohaska

He probably joined the regiment at Bassano di Grappa in 1846 and was rolled up as a scout dog . (It certainly owes its name to the regimental owner at the time, Franz Adolf Prohaska von Guelfenburg.) He had always faithfully participated in all Italian campaigns and was wounded in the nose on August 4, 1848 during the conquest of Milan.

For his special merits he received the corporal rank and even the team merit badge in leather, as a sign of his long-term loyalty.

In 1851, on the occasion of the Emperor's birthday and in his presence on August 18, a large parade of the troops of the V and VII Corps took place in Monza , in which InfRgt No. 7 also took part. At its head marched the regimental dog Prohaska, who was known throughout the army and was decorated with a standard and a laurel wreath . After the parade it was brought before the emperor, who inquired about the history of the dog. As a result of his great services, he received imperial permission to continue marching at the head of the regiment.

The dog "Korporal Prohaska" is now stuffed in a showcase in the traditional room (Khevenhüller 7th Museum) of the Khevenhüller barracks in Klagenfurt.

Honors

  • 1762: As the first member of the regiment, Captain Johann Gottfried Schröder (1783–1809 regiment owner) was awarded the Maria Theresa Order after the Battle of Schweidnitz (Saxony) .
  • 1789: On August 10, Sergeant Michael Ruppert, who had shown himself to be particularly courageous in storming the Samuel Monastery, was the first man in the army to be awarded the gold medal of honor newly donated by Emperor Joseph II .
    • Furthermore, the "common" Johann Roth, Johann Kopczky and Blasius Czupczak, who were the first among the storming forces, were awarded the Silver Medal of Honor. The award took place on the basis of the decision of the medal commission by the commanding general.
  • June 10, 1848: Sergeant Peter Angermaier from Klagenfurt was awarded the silver medal of bravery, 1st class, for his exemplary behavior and brave behavior in the barricade fight during the "Battle of Vicenza".
  • 1866: Regiment owner Joseph Freiherr von Maroicic (1862–1882) was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order because he was able to successfully lead his troops to victory.

literature

  • Norbert Assam: The Carinthian Infantry Regiment Graf von Khevenhüller No. 7 last struggle and end. Graz 1935.
  • Gustav Amon von Treuenfest: History of the kk 7th Infantry Regiment Graf Kevenhüller. OO, Vienna 1891 ( daten.digitale-sammlungen.de ).
  • Gustav von Bartels: From the history of the Khevenhüller regiment 1691 - 1918. Reprint from Lykam's new soldiers' calendar 1933, Graz 1932.
  • Gustav von Bartels: The Kevenhüller Regiment before the World War 1691 - 1914. Klagenfurt 1933.
  • Gustav von Bartels: History of the Austro-Hungarian Infantry Regiment Graf v. Khevenhüller No. 7. Graz 1913.
  • Chronicle of the kk 7th Line Infantry Regiment from its establishment in 1691 to the end of May 1868. Graz 1868.
  • Festival number of the Carnic-Julian War Newspaper No. 20-28 in honor of the Imperial and Royal Infantry Regiment Graf Khevenhüller No. 7. o. O. 1917.
  • "Brief excerpt" from the history of the ku K. Carinthian Infantry Regiment Graf von Khevenhüller No. 7. Graz: 1914.
  • Konrad Kromar: Brief history of the kuk infantry regiment FM Graf v. Khevenhüller No. 7. Klagenfurt 1895.
  • Franz Joseph Krug: With the sevens against the hereditary enemy. Field experiences from the southwest front. Granz 1917.
  • Josef Maciaga: Duties and conduct of the soldier (explained using examples from the history of the kuk IR FM Graf v. Khevenhüller No. 7). Graz 1902.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. This numbering follows consistently the tables of Ticino. Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century . 3 volumes (1986-1995). Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 .
  2. probably to all now unpopular honorary regiment owners such as Get rid of the King of Montenegro, the King of Italy or the Tsar of Russia in this elegant way
  3. according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512
  4. The patent and the "Capitulation" (appointment) are still available. They are in the war archive in Vienna.
  5. stationed
  6. Collar and cuffs
  7. The color of the badge was drawn
  8. resp. until 1915 when all honorary names were deleted without replacement. However, nobody adhered to this, in particular the army administration had given the instruction to first use up all existing stamps and letterheads.
  9. ^ The part of the name "Frankenburg" was not used by the Austro-Hungarian military administration.
  10. Feldzeugmeister - corresponded to the field marshal lieutenant in the artillery
  11. There was no binding spelling at this point in time. According to the writer's taste it was called “Regiment Neipperg” or “Regiment Freiherr Neipperg”.
  12. ^ With division , however, a battalion of the train and the cavalry was referred to
  13. The previous 2nd Battalion had been divided among the rest
  14. ↑ Put on the personnel list